人教版高中英语必修五 Unit5 First aid-语法篇(学生版)-最新教育文档

Unit5 First aid-语法篇
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1.学会if引导的省略句的用法；
2.能够使用if引导的省略句的知识点作对相关题目，灵活使用。

省略句
状语从句中的省略用法
一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were）可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。

1. when, while引导的时间状语从句
e.g. 当你过马路的时候一定要小心。

Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.
在我去工作的路上，我遇见了她。

When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.
2. if , unless，once引导的条件状语从句
e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.
我不会去晚会的，除非我被邀请。

I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.
一旦你在超市里被抓到偷东西，你会受到惩罚的。

Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.
3. though, although, whether, no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句
e.g. 他很开心，尽管他很贫穷。

He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.
他虽然年轻但懂得很多。

Though (he is) young, he knows a lot.
No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.
（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）
4. as if, as though引导的方式状语从句
e.g. She lay there, as if (she was) dead. （省略的主语和主句的主语一致）
He opened his lips as if (he were going) to say something. 他张开嘴唇，好像要说什么话似的。

He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）
二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。

e.g. He is taller than his brother (is).
I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him.
三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is, that is, there is/are。

E.g.如果有必要的话，这个老庙会被重新修建。

If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.
If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm.
There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any.
四、定语从句中的省略用法
关系词的省略
关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which 或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

e.g. 你昨天拜访的那个人是我的祖父。

The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.
我不喜欢你对待这个女孩的方式。

I don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl.
五、虚拟语气中if及should的省略
1. 当条件状语从句中有were, had, should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。

e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
= Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
2. Suggest, insist, order, require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略。

e.g. 医生建议他尽力去减肥。

The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.
六、So和not的替代性省略
用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。

可与believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think, I’m afraid等连用
e.g. – Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? – I suppose not.
— Can you finish your work today?
— 我认为能。

I think so .
— 我认为不能。

I don't think so . / I think not .
七、日常交际中的省略
在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。

在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。

e.g. – How many copies do you want? -- (I want) Three copies, please.
-- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? -- No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall).
注意：
1.感官动词see, hear, feel, watch等和使役动词have, make, let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略
to。

2.do nothing but, can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。

e.g. 我们昨天只是仅仅呆在家里看电视了。

We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.
听到这个消息，她禁不住哭了。

Hearing the news, she couldn’t help but cry.
3.在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want, wish, hope, try, plan, like, love, hate
后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。

但不定式后有be, have时，也保留be和have。

e.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, （但是我不想去）but I didn’t want to.
1. (2019·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)All of the clothes in the shop are sold at half price,
________otherwise noted.
A. as
B. if
C. until
D. unless
2. (2019·陕西咸阳高考模拟考试二)Just now the patient opened her mouth as if ________something to her husband.
A. said
B. say
C. to say
D. to have said
3. (2019·哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学一联)—Hi, are you an engineer in Lenovo Group?
—No, but I________.
A. want to
B. want to be
C. want so
D. want it
4. (2019·济宁模拟)As is often the case, little Tom, if________, is most likely to stop crying soon.
A. left ignoring
B. left ignored
C. leaving ignoring
D. leaving ignored
5. (2019·佳木斯一中高三第四次调研)He is ready to help others, seldom, ________refusing them when they turn to him.
A. if never
B. if ever
C. if not
D. if any
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. —What’s the matter with Della?
—Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still ________.
A. hopes to
B. hopes so
C. hopes not
D. hopes for
2. Some of you may have finished Unit one.________, you can go on to Unit two.
A. If you may
B. If you do
C. If not
D. If so
3. —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
—Yes.________, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever
B. If busy
C. If anything
D. If possible
4. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it
B. in
C. in that
D. in which
5. —Will the Smiths leave for Australia this spring?
—No, they finally decided ________.
A. not to leave
B. not leaving
C. not to
D. not to be leaving
6. He decided not to say anything at the meeting unless ________.
A. asking to
B. to ask to
C. asked to
D. ask to
7. —Have you watered the flowers?
—No, but ________.
A. I am
B. I’m going
C. I’m just going to
D. I will go
8. ________ he come tomorrow, I would let you know.
A. Would
B. Should
C. Shall
D. If
9. —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week?
—________.It was too hot.
A. Not really
B. Yeah, why not
C. Oh, great
D. You’re right
10. —I listen to English every day over the radio.
—________interesting.
A. Sounds
B. Sounding
C. It is sounded
D. Sound
11. —Do you think we will have a long holiday next month?
—________.
A. I believe not
B. I believe not so
C. I don’t believe it
D. I don’t believe
12. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________.
A. the other is white
B. another white
C. the other white
D. another is white
13. If the food tastes nice, we’ll buy some; if ________, ________.
A. no; no
B. not; not
C. not; no
D. no; not
14. —Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ________.
A. as told
B. as are told
C. as telling
D. as they told
15. —My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?
—________.And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think so
B. I’d love to
C. I’m sure
D. I hope so
巩固提高
一、句型转换(使用省略来改写句子)
1. She works hard. It is no wonder that she passed the exam.
She works hard.______ ______ ________ ________ ________ ________.
2. They haven’t completed the project，but they ought to have completed it.
They haven’t completed the project，______ ________ ________ ________ ________.
3. It is well done.
________ ________.
4. Errors, if there are any, should be corrected.
Errors, ________ ________, should be corrected.
5. If we had gone to the party, we would have known the fact.
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, we would have known the fact.
二、用省略结构翻译句子
1. 她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。

________________________________________________________________________
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2. 他建议我们去看电影。

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3. 他不像过去那样早起床了。

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4. 她除了等待另一个机会什么也不能做。

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5. 尽管被告知了很多次，她仍然犯了同样的错误。

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三、短文改错
When I first learned to write in English，I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my
teacher. She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.
1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing
B. introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.
A. questioning
B. having questioned
C. questioned
D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right
direction.
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see
4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
9. —You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
—________ you ever want to do is going shopping.
A. Anything
B. Something
C. All
D. That
10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails.
A. Something
B. All
C. Both
D. Everything
13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you.
A. something
B. anything
C. all
D. that
14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way.
A. to show
B. show
C. showing
D. showed
15. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
—Not at all, ________ .
A. I have no time
B. I'd rather not
C. I'd like it
D. I'd be happy to
16. —Does your brother intend to study German?
—Yes, he intends ________ .
A. /
B. to
C. so
D. that
17. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?
—________ .
A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre
B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow
C. No, I won't
D. That's right
18. —You should have thanked her before you left.
—I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing to
19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Will
20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not
B. Were
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ .
A. anyone
B. anyone else
C. no one
D. no one else
22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives.
A. there is
B. there are
C. is there
D. are there
23. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
—________ .
A. Nor am I
B. Neither would I
C. Same with me
D. So do I
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一、单项填空
1. Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. on
2. Life is very hard in the city. In order to escape ________ some people drink alcohol.
A. character
B. evidence
C. pressure
D. temper
3. A traffic accident happened and a great many people were ________.
A. destroyed
B. wounded
C. damaged
D. injured
4. Now a lot of new technology can ________ problems in industry.
A. be applied to solve
B. be applied to solving
C. apply to solve
D. apply to solving
5. The fellow felt rather ________ as he was the only person that wore sportswear at the party.
A. in place
B. out of place
C. by the way
D. in the way
6. If he isn’t sure about something，he will ask the same question ________ until he is sure about it.
A. sooner or later
B. over and over again
C. no more
D. more or less
7. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he were ________ from the outside world.
A. cut out
B. cut off
C. cut up
D. cut through
8. If we learn some knowledge of first aid, it can make a real ________ in time of accidents.
A. appointment
B. decision
C. deal
D. difference
9. —How long has your grandma ________?
—About three months.
A. fallen ill
B. been ill
C. fall ill
D. be ill
10. She was about to go out ________ the doorbell rang.
A. while
B. as
C. then
D. when
11. ________ students with their teachers ________ outing to have a good weekend.
A. Many a; goes
B. A large number of; went
C. A large amount of; went
D. A lot of; has gone
12. It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A. when; then
B. not; until
C. not until; that
D. only; when
13. Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him ________.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
14. We don’t doubt ________ we will complete all the project before the year 2019.
A. when
B. if
C. that
D. whether
15. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
16. You must take your raincoat with you. Don’t get ________in the rain.
A. to be caught
B. catching
C. to catch
D. caught
17. I won the first prize and you can imagine how excited I was when the Mayor ________ me with the reward.
A. provided
B. supplied
C. presented
D. charged
18. Which material can be thrown into the sea ________on the nature of the material?
A. depended
B. depending
C. to depend
D. depends
19. —What’s wrong with your left arm?
—A bee has bitten it and it is________.
A. swelled up
B. swelling down
C. swelling up
D. swelled down
20. Many laid­off workers have________ the government________ the newly­built apartments.
A. applied for; to
B. applied; for
C. applied to; for
D. applied to; /
二、完形填空
If you see someone drowning，speed is very important. Once you get him out of the __1__, if he isn’t __2__, you have four minutes before his brain is completely __3__.Support his neck, tilt(使翘起)his head back and press his chin(下巴)upwards. This __4__ the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn’t __5__, start mouth­to­mouth breathing. Press his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your _6__.Open your __7__ wide and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest __8__. Then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing __9__ help arrives.
To bring a child back to __10__, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently __11__ his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to __12__ the blood with oxygen. If, __13__ your efforts, he starts turning a blue grey color, you can __14__ no pulse, then pressing is the __15__ chance of saving his life.
With arms straight, rock(摆动)forwards pressing down on the lower half of the breastbones. Don’t be
too hard __16__ you may break a rib(肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his color __17__ or his pulse becomes independent to your chest __18__ .If this __19__, stop the pressing. Otherwise __20__ until the rescue arrives.
1. A. ground B. room C. water D. forest
2. A. dying B. breathing C. swimming D. crying
3. A. destroyed B. covered C. thinking D. moved
4. A. keeps B. makes C. does D. stops
5. A. work B. matter C. breathe D. start
6. A. feet B. arm C. fingers D. face
7. A. eyes B. hand C. mouth D. tongue
8. A. falls B. moves C. becomes warm D. rises
9. A. when B. after C. as D. until
10. A. speak B. life C. safety D. smile
11. A. touch B. press C. open D. blow into
12. A. make B. fill C. produce D. watch
13. A. as a result of B. because of C. in spite of D. thinking of
14. A. feel B. get C. watch D. see
15. A. best B. first C. latest D. last
16. A. but B. or C. so D. since
17. A. improves B. changes C. remains the same D. is still good
18. A. hitting B. touching C. pressing D. moving
19. A. does B. happens C. works D. disappears
20. A. pressing B. keep C. go D. continue
三、阅读理解
Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn’t have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony before he checked in for his flight. He found Tony near the Air France counter. Tony gave him a round­trip ticket and a small package.
“Give this package to Jean­Paul at the airport in Paris. He will have a sign with your name on it. I think you can find him easily, ”Tony said.“You don’t have any luggage, right?”
“Only this backpack,” Brian answered.“You said I could bring one carry­on bag.”
“That’s right. One carry­on bag is fine. Have a good trip.”
“Thanks.”
Is Brian a criminal(犯罪)? Not at all. He is an air courier. And he paid only $110 for the round­trip ticket to Paris. Air couriers get cheap airline tickets because they take important packages and papers to foreign countries. Businesses sometimes need to get packages and papers to people in foreign countries by the next day. Often, the only way they can do this is to use an air courier company. It is not cheap for a business to send a package with an air courier, but it is quick.
Every year about 80,000 people worldwide travel as air­couriers. The number of tickets for the
air­courier travel is growing by about 10 percent a year. However, air­courier travel isn’t for everyone. But if you have very little money, can be flexible(灵活的) about your travel plans, and don’t mind wearing the same clothes for a week, it can be a great way to take a vacation!
1. Why was Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel?
A. Because they were the uniforms for air­couriers.
B. Because that made him easier to be recognized.
C. Because his backpack had no room for his clothes.
D. Because he did not have any luggage with him.
2. An air­courier is a person who ________.
A. manages a business company in foreign countries
B. organizes international flights for tourists
C. travels around the world with cheap tickets
D. delivers papers and packages to foreign countries
3. One of the disadvantages of traveling as an air­courier is that he ________.
A. cannot decide when and where to travel
B. cannot take any luggage with him
C. has to wear two pairs of jeans
D. saves little money from the travel
4. The author of the text mainly ________.
A. describes the activities of a law­breaker
B. suggests an ideal way to travel
C. argues against the air­courier travel
D. tells us about a developing business
Almost no young people today know who the cartoon character Oswald the Rabbit is, but they certainly recognize his successor, Bugs Bunny. Oswald, Bugs, and hundreds of other characters were created by Walt Disney, perhaps the most famous cartoonist in history.
Born in Chicago in 1901, Walt Disney always wanted to be an artist. After returning from World War Ⅰ, in which he drove an ambulance, Disney worked as a commercial artist. He enjoyed drawing cartoons more than anything else, and decided to try his hand at a technology that was new at the time, moving pictures.
In the 1920’s, he produced several films where he made cartoon characters move as if by magic. The technique Disney used was painstaking. He made hundreds or even thousands of repeated drawings of the same character. In each drawing, the character was changed just a bit. A film was taken of the series of drawings, and when it was shown, the characters appeared to move. The process，called animation，is still used today，although computers have made the process much easier.
In 1928, Disney created his most famous character, Mortimer Mouse, who we know today as Mickey. The mouse starred in a cartoon called Steamboat Willie, which was unusual because it involved the use of a sound track. Within the next few years, Disney invented many of his other characters.
The list of Disney’s animation successes is long and memorable. It includes Pinocchio, Dumbo, Bambi, Cinderella, and Peter Pan. Perhaps his most remarkable animated film is Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Created in 1937, it was an immediate success. Today, more than fifty years later, it is still one of the most popular films for children.
1. What is one of the chief differences between animation today and in Walt Disney’s early years?
A. More people like animated movies.
B. Fewer people like animated movies.
C. Computers have made the job easier.
D. Computers have made the job harder.
2. Which of these words best describes Walt Disney?
A. Creative.
B. Athletic.
C. Exciting.
D. Quiet.
3. What makes the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs so remarkable?
A. It was a little success when created.
B. It took more than a year to make it.
C. It was made at a time when there were no computers.
D. It has remained popular for more than fifty years.
4. What does the underlined word “painstaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Something that hurts because it involves hard work.
B. Taking a long time and involving much hard work.
C. Requiring a lot of effort, like running a marathon.
D. Requiring many fine tools, such as pens and pencils.
People often talk as if shyness is a disease or mental condition that can be cured. I prefer to think of it as an emotional disability. It is something we are born with and something we carry with us in our entire lives. There are too many people, however, who seem to be determined to find some way of doing away with their shyness. In my opinion, it’s a waste of time. I don’t mean that we should do nothing about it. On the contrary, I think we need to separate the basic fact of our shyness from our ability to take part in a social activity.
Look at one of the most famous shy people of them all, Johnny Carson. This man is painfully shy, yet for decades he made a living talking and associating with different people every night, in front of a national audience. Carson has never done away with his shyness, but he has successfully found a way to deal with it to the extent that he could be, not just a talk show host, but a legend (传奇) among talk show hosts. Look also at Sally Fields, who has recently admitted her problem with shyness. This is a woman who has appeared in many films, TV shows and interviews, yet in her early years, she was so shy that she turned down a lunch invitation from Jane Fonda because she was terribly afraid of meeting her.
I guess that our shyness is there because each of us is born with some insecurity(不安全感) and this insecurity prevents us from reaching out to others in the way people with a more open personality do. As we grow up and become adults, we allow our social skills to grow and develop. But we are still stuck in kindergarten or elementary school or wherever it was when our shyness took root in our soul.
1. In the author’s view, shyness can be explained as ________.
A. a disease that can be easily cured
B. an abnormal mental condition
C. an emotional disability
D. something we pick up after birth
2. The author believes it’s a waste of time to ____________.
A. develop a healthy personality
B. talk with as many people as possible
C. study where shyness comes from
D. look for ways to do away with one’s shyness
3.Which of the following is TRUE of Johnny Carson?
A. He dared to speak in front of a national audience.
B. He did away with his shyness carefully.
C. He was described as a hero in some legend books.
D. He failed to become a good talk show host.
4. The passage tells us that Sally Fields was ______.
A. proud all the time
B. impolite when young
C. shy in her early years
D. close to Jane Fonda
四、书面表达
根据下列短文，用英语写一篇100～120词的关于急救的小文章。

在日常生活中，学习一些急救知识，对一个人来说很重要。

假如一个人发生车祸，在医生到来之前，需要对他/她进行医疗护理，做急救时，应注意以下三点：首先，如果他/她停止了呼吸，掰开
他/她的嘴巴看看喉咙口有无食物。

其次，假如他/她不能呼吸，就采取人工呼吸的方法，尽快使他/她开始呼吸。

再次，如果他/她伤得很重，应立即止血，然后送往医院。

如果他/她失血过多，达三分之一，那么他/她有可能会死。

人人都应学习急救知识，这样才能挽救其他人的性命。