锅炉水位模糊控制仿真与研究

锅炉水位模糊控制仿真与研究

摘要：锅炉属于我国工业生产与生活上应用面最广、数量最多的生活设备之一。其中，锅炉的水位控制环节是锅炉控制系统当中的一个十分重要的环节。保证锅炉的水位是否处于一个标准的范畴之内，对于锅炉是否能持续的安全可靠的工作是一个关键保障。也是对锅炉能不能够正常生产工作的一个重要考察。锅炉的汽包水位系统具有强非线性，时变大，强耦合，多哥变量等一些复杂特性。在构建锅炉汽包的水位调节的数学模型基础上，应用模糊控制理论来设计锅炉汽包水位控制系统。应用模糊控制来控制锅炉水位。同时，介绍了控制器的构建和仿真分析。MATLAB上位机用于水位控制系统的仿真。模糊控制算法与传统方法的结果显示，模糊控制器明显的改善了锅炉水位控制系统特性。所以，完成了锅炉汽包水位的最优实时控制。

基于模糊控制的应用，本课题设计了一种模糊控制器。同水平PID控制器与单级PID控制器比较，状态水平控制器由于具有较小的超调量，较短的建立时间等特点。更加适用于锅炉液位控制。工业锅炉的汽包水位控制是锅炉控制系统中主要技术指标之一。由于假水位现象（FWL），根据人工调整中的人为思维过程，引入了三个测量信号，即鼓水位，供水流量和蒸汽流量，并采用模糊控制算法计算控制体积，构成前向级联三脉冲模糊控制系统。基于MA TLAB的建模和仿真结果表明，该算法比传统PID控制具有更好的效果。

关键词：锅炉水位，模糊控制，MATLAB仿真

Abstract

Boiler is the most extensive and largest number of thermal equipment in industrial production and life in China. In the boiler control, the boiler water level control system is the most important link. Maintaining the boiler water level within the specified range is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe production and operation of the boiler, and is also one of the main indicators for the normal production and operation of the boiler. The water level of the boiler drum has nonlinear, time-varying, strong coupling, multi-variable and other complex characteristics. On the basis of establishing the mathematical model of boiler drum water level adjustment, the fuzzy control theory is used to design the boiler drum water level control system, and the fuzzy control is used to control the drum water level. At the same time, the design and simulation analysis of the controller are described. MATLAB software is used for verification and simulation of water level control systems. The comparison between the fuzzy control method and the traditional method shows that compared with the PID control, the fuzzy control significantly improves the static and dynamic characteristics of the drum water level control system. Therefore, the optimal real-time control of the water level of the boiler drum is achieved.

Based on the application of fuzzy theory, this paper designs a state-level fuzzy controller for marine steam power system. Compared with the horizontal PID controller and the single-stage cascade PID level controller, the state level controller

is more suitable for the marine booster boiler liquid level control due to its smaller overshoot and shorter settling time. Industrial boiler drum water level control is one of the main technical indicators of the boiler control system. Due to the false water level phenomenon (FWL), according to the artificial thinking process in the manual adjustment, three measurement signals, namely the drum water level, the water supply flow rate and the steam flow rate, are introduced, and the control volume is calculated by the fuzzy control algorithm to form the forward cascade three pulses. Fuzzy control system. The modeling and simulation results based on MA TLAB show that