【油层物理课件】chap4.1
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Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
2 Primary, sewk.baidu.comondary and tertiary oil recovery
• Primary recovery or natural depletion(一次采油)
Production by natural energy (expansion of the fluids and reservoir rocks, gravity) η<15%
chapter 4 Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery
Contents
• Oil recovery and its affecting factors • Enhanced oil recovery methods
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3.2 Vertical (or Invasion) Efficiency Eh The ratio of the thickness of the formation swept by the displacing fluid to the total thickness of the formation. EA*Eh =Ev— volumetric sweep efficiency (体积波及系数):
3 Recovery factor
•The recovery factor by elastic energy of an oil reservoir :
Np N
ctpVf / Bob N
cf
cwSwc co 1 Swc pVf Vf 1 Swc / Boi
/ Bob
Boi Bo
cf
cwSwc co 1 Swc pi 1 Swc
pb
• For a water-drive, or dissolved-gas-drive oil reservoir, the ultimate oil recovery is:
1 Sor / Bo
( 1 Swc ) / Boi
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
solution-gas drive (溶解气驱) or internal gas drive (d) the expansion energy of cap gas
gas-cap drive (气顶驱) (e) the gravity of oil itself gravity drive (重力驱)
(a) the energy of compressed rocks and fluids natural depletion (自然衰竭)
(b) the heads of edge and bottom waters rigid water drive (刚性水驱) or elastic water drive (弹性水驱). (c) the energy of solution-gas expansion
Displacement efficiency (洗 油效率): the ratio of the amount of oil driven from the pores of the swept area to the oil contained in this area initially
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
η is affected by rock properties, fluid properties, reservoir driving mechanism, well pattern, etc.
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
1 Natural energies and driving mechanisms
Oil recovery (采收率) is defined as the ratio of the cumulative oil production to the original oil in place (OOIP)
Np
N
Cumulative oil production (累产油量)
Original oil in place (原油储量)
依靠天然能量开采原油的方法，称为一次采油。
• Secondary recovery (二次采油)
The injection of water or gas into the formation to maintain the reservoir pressure. 30%<η<50%
用注水（或注气）的方法来弥补 采油的亏空体积、补充地层能量而进 行采油的方法，称为二次采油。
3 Recovery factor
N p
AShSSoi AShSSor
N
AhSoi
AShS Ah
Soi Sor Soi
EA Eh ED
EV ED
Sweep efficiency(波及系数): the sweeping extent of injected fluids in the reservoir
• Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) (三次采油)
Using other energies to achieve higher recovery.
采用向地层注入其他工作剂或引入其 他能量的采油方法，称为三次采油。
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3 Recovery factor
3.1 Areal Sweep Efficiency EA:
EA area swept by the displacing fluid total area
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3 Recovery factor
2 Primary, sewk.baidu.comondary and tertiary oil recovery
• Primary recovery or natural depletion(一次采油)
Production by natural energy (expansion of the fluids and reservoir rocks, gravity) η<15%
chapter 4 Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery
Contents
• Oil recovery and its affecting factors • Enhanced oil recovery methods
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3.2 Vertical (or Invasion) Efficiency Eh The ratio of the thickness of the formation swept by the displacing fluid to the total thickness of the formation. EA*Eh =Ev— volumetric sweep efficiency (体积波及系数):
3 Recovery factor
•The recovery factor by elastic energy of an oil reservoir :
Np N
ctpVf / Bob N
cf
cwSwc co 1 Swc pVf Vf 1 Swc / Boi
/ Bob
Boi Bo
cf
cwSwc co 1 Swc pi 1 Swc
pb
• For a water-drive, or dissolved-gas-drive oil reservoir, the ultimate oil recovery is:
1 Sor / Bo
( 1 Swc ) / Boi
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
solution-gas drive (溶解气驱) or internal gas drive (d) the expansion energy of cap gas
gas-cap drive (气顶驱) (e) the gravity of oil itself gravity drive (重力驱)
(a) the energy of compressed rocks and fluids natural depletion (自然衰竭)
(b) the heads of edge and bottom waters rigid water drive (刚性水驱) or elastic water drive (弹性水驱). (c) the energy of solution-gas expansion
Displacement efficiency (洗 油效率): the ratio of the amount of oil driven from the pores of the swept area to the oil contained in this area initially
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
η is affected by rock properties, fluid properties, reservoir driving mechanism, well pattern, etc.
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
1 Natural energies and driving mechanisms
Oil recovery (采收率) is defined as the ratio of the cumulative oil production to the original oil in place (OOIP)
Np
N
Cumulative oil production (累产油量)
Original oil in place (原油储量)
依靠天然能量开采原油的方法，称为一次采油。
• Secondary recovery (二次采油)
The injection of water or gas into the formation to maintain the reservoir pressure. 30%<η<50%
用注水（或注气）的方法来弥补 采油的亏空体积、补充地层能量而进 行采油的方法，称为二次采油。
3 Recovery factor
N p
AShSSoi AShSSor
N
AhSoi
AShS Ah
Soi Sor Soi
EA Eh ED
EV ED
Sweep efficiency(波及系数): the sweeping extent of injected fluids in the reservoir
• Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) (三次采油)
Using other energies to achieve higher recovery.
采用向地层注入其他工作剂或引入其 他能量的采油方法，称为三次采油。
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3 Recovery factor
3.1 Areal Sweep Efficiency EA:
EA area swept by the displacing fluid total area
Shandong Provincial Excellent Course, 2008
3 Recovery factor