最新基于labview的控制系统仿真(毕业设计)

基于LabVIEW的控制系统仿真

摘要

在控制理论教学和实验中，存在着设备短缺、教学手段单一等问题，采用虚拟控制系统实验方式可有效地解决这些问题。本文对控制系统仿真的意义与研究现状作了介绍，提出并确定了基于LabVIEW的控制系统仿真的实施方案。应用NI公司的LabVIEW 2009、控制设计工具包作为软件开发工具，实现了控制系统的建模、分析与设计这一系列过程的计算机仿真。经过编写程序和发布应用程序，最终开发出了一种交互式实验教学系统。该系统包含信号发生器、典型环节、质点－弹簧－阻尼器系统和一级倒立摆系统四个子模块，用户可进行控制系统建模、性能分析、PID设计、LQR设计等方面的研究。各个子模块运行良好，整个系统具有操作简单、界面友好和实时交互的特点；对于教学和实验的改革和创新具有一定的指导意义。

文中详细介绍了该实验教学系统的设计思路与设计过程。主体部分是对系统各个子模块的理论分析、相应的算法分析和虚拟仪器程序的编写，此外还涉及程序的动态调用和发布应用程序等内容。

关键词：控制系统；仿真；LabVIEW；倒立摆；实时交互

Simulation of Control System Based on LabVIEW

Abstract

In the teaching and experimental process of control theory, there exist problems such as equipment shortages, monotonous teaching methods and etc. We can use Virtual Instrument to solve these problems effectively. This paper introduces the significance and research status of the control system simulation, puts forward and determines the implement scheme of the Control System Simulation Based on LabVIEW. Use NI's products (LabVIEW 2009, Control Design Toolkit) as software development tools to realize computer simulation of the control system modeling, analysis and design process. After writing programs and publishing applications, we can achieve an interactive experimental and teaching system. The system consists of four sub-modules: signal generator, typical elements, the mass-spring-damper system and the single inverted pendulum system. Users can do research in control system modeling, performance analysis, PID design, LQR design and other aspects. Each sub-module of the system runs well, the whole system has the features as follows: simple, friendly interface and real-time interactive. It will provide the teaching and experiment field with reform and innovation.

This paper describes the thinking and design process of the system in details. Theoretical analysis and algorithm analysis for the sub-module and Virtual Instrument programs writing are the main parts. It also discusses the dynamic program invocation and publishing applications and so on.

Keywords:Control System; Simulation; LabVIEW; Inverted Pendulum; Real-Time Interaction

目录

1 绪论.................................................................................................................................... - 1 -

1.1 课题背景 ........................................................................................................................................ - 1 -

1.2 控制系统仿真的意义..................................................................................................................... - 1 -

1.3 控制系统仿真的研究现状............................................................................................................. - 2 -

1.4 本课题研究内容 ............................................................................................................................ - 2 -

2 LabVIEW概述 ................................................................................................................... - 4 -

2.1 虚拟仪器技术 ................................................................................................................................ - 4 -

2.2 控制设计工具包 ............................................................................................................................ - 5 -

3 系统方案的选定................................................................................................................ - 7 -

3.1 系统概述 ........................................................................................................................................ - 7 -

3.2 系统方案的比较与选定................................................................................................................. - 7 -

3.3 系统子模块的规划......................................................................................................................... - 9 -

4 系统设计.......................................................................................................................... - 10 -

4.1 信号发生器 .................................................................................................................................. - 10 -

4.1.1确定方案............................................................................................................................. - 10 -

4.1.2 VI设计................................................................................................................................. - 10 -

4.2 典型环节 ...................................................................................................................................... - 13 -

4.2.1建模及理论分析 ................................................................................................................. - 13 -

4.2.2 VI设计................................................................................................................................. - 14 -

4.3 质点－弹簧－阻尼器系统........................................................................................................... - 18 -

4.3.1建模与模型转换及其VI设计........................................................................................... - 18 -

4.3.2模型分析及其VI设计....................................................................................................... - 21 -

4.3.3 P ID设计及其VI设计........................................................................................................ - 25 -

4.4 一级倒立摆系统 .......................................................................................................................... - 29 -

4.4.1建模与分析及其VI设计................................................................................................... - 30 -

4.4.2 LQR设计及其VI设计....................................................................................................... - 36 -

4.4.3实时仿真及其VI设计....................................................................................................... - 41 -

4.5 动态调用VI的设计 .................................................................................................................... - 44 -

4.5.1 VI的动态调用..................................................................................................................... - 44 -

4.5.2 VI设计................................................................................................................................. - 45 -

5 发布应用程序.................................................................................................................. - 47 -

5.1生成独立可执行应用程序............................................................................................................ - 47 -

5.2生成安装程序 ............................................................................................................................... - 49 -

6 总结和展望...................................................................................................................... - 52 -

6.1 总结 .............................................................................................................................................. - 52 -

6.2 展望 .............................................................................................................................................. - 52 -参考文献.............................................................................................................................. - 53 -附录.................................................................................................................................... - 55 -