高考单选英语陷阱：借用倒装型

1.这个lives的主语是哪个
Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, _____ lives his uncle.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. that
许多同学一看到横线后的谓语动词lives，就以为横线处应填who，认为只有who与lives 搭配才是合情合理的。

但是错了，因为假若选who，那么who 当然就是lives的主语，lives 是句子谓语，那么his uncle呢？它是什么成分？是宾语吗？不可能，因为动词live为不及物动词，由此可知，选B是不对的。

其实，此题的最佳答案应是C，where lives his uncle为倒装语序，此句可改为and there lives his uncle或and his uncle lives there。

2. may you...为何要倒装
Good luck to you, and _____ all your wishes come true!
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. should
答案选B，may置于句首可表示祝愿，又如：
May you succeed.祝你成功。

May God bless you.愿上帝保佑你。

May you have a very happy married life.祝你的婚姻生活幸福美满。

3.做对此题的关键是要注意句中的倒装
_____ when one loses freedom does one know its value.
A. Just
B. Only
C. Even
D. Ever
此题最佳答案应选B，主要因为其后主句用了倒装句式（...does one know its value），而综合所给四个选项，只有“only +状语”置于句首才会引出倒装句式。

又如：Only in this way can you do it well.只有用这种办法你才能把它做好。

Only by working hard can you succeed.你只有努力才能成功。

Only yesterday did he return me the money.昨天他才把钱还给我。

Only after the accident did he have his car inspected.只有在那次事故之后，他才叫人检查了他的车子。

4.这与so am I是同一类用法吗
I'm quite willing to help and _____ are the others.
A. they
B. who
C. so
D. even
答案选C，在“so +倒装句（部分倒装）”这一结构中，so 的意思与also相似，主要用来回答或补充前面句子的意思，表示“……也一样”。

又如：
He was tired and so were the others. 他累了，其他人也累了。

Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了，社会里的人也变了。

此结构的前后句的时态和助动词通常是一致的，但有时由于语境不同，可能有例外。

如：
If you stay for dinner, so will I.你要是留下来吃饭，那我也就留下。

She wants to marry a foreigner.” “So did I.”“她想嫁给老外。

”“我当年也有这想法。

”
但是，如果前面一句是否定句，后面一句则不用so，而用neither或nor：
He didn't like the house and neither did his wife.他不喜欢这房子，他妻子也不喜欢。

The first one wasn't good and nor was the second.第一个不好，第二个也不好。

5. so ... that ...何时用于倒装
_____ loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.
A. So
B. Very
C. Too
D. Much
答案选A，其余几项均有可能误选。

之所以选so，一是因为so ... that ...是一固定句型，二是因为so loudly后的did he speak为部分倒装，因为按英语语法，当so ... that ...结构中的“so+
形容词或副词”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。

上题的正常语序是：He spoke so loudly that even the people in the next room could hear
him.又如：
So interesting is the book that all the children like it.这本书太有趣了，所有的孩子都喜欢。

So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him.他跑得太快，我无法追上他。

So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光传播得如此之快，以至
于我们无法想像它的速度。

注：在such ... that ...结构中，若such及其修饰语置于句首，主句也用部分倒装的形式。

如：
Such fine weather is it that we decide to go for an outing.天气这么好，我们决定去郊游。

6.这是not ... until ...结构吗
Not _____ recently did I have any idea what a guided missile was like.
A. since
B. when
C. until
D. in
此题答案选C，属not ... until ...句式的一种变体，即将not until ...置于句首，其后用倒装形式。

又如：
Not until yesterday did he begin his work.直到昨天他才开始他的工作
Not until he came back did he realize how serious the matter is.直到他回来，他才意识到问题有多严重。

7.这是什么句型
Hard _____ he studies, he cannot pass the examination.
A. when
B. how
C. as
D. while
答案选C，属英语的让步倒装结构，其基本句式为“名词（通常不带冠词）、形容词、副词、动词等+ as +主语+动词”。

又如：
Child as he is, he did it very well.他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错了。

Young as he is, he knows a lot.他虽年轻，但懂得很多。

Try as he would, he couldn't do it well.他虽然尽了很大努力，但仍未把它做好。

注：以上各例中的as也可换成though，但不能换为although。

如：
Child though he is, he did it very well.他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错了。

8.这是虚拟语气吗
_____ he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.
A. When
B. If
C. Had
D. Has
答案应选C，但容易误选B。

不能选B，主要是因为时态前后有矛盾。

由于主句谓语是would have succeeded，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是had followed，如果选B，句子应该是if he had followed my advice。

但按英语语法，在此类表示虚拟条件的从句中，若有had, should, were等词，便可省略if，而将had, should, were提前置于句首。

又如：
If he were my friend, I would ask him to lend me some money.= Were he my friend, I would ask him to lend me some money.假若他是我的朋友，我就会向他借些钱。

If it should rain tomorrow, I should stay indoors.= Should it rain tomorrow, I should stay
indoors.如果明天下雨，我就待在室内。

If he had asked me, I would have told him. = Had he asked me, I would have told him.要是他
问过我，我就会告诉他了。

9.这里为什么要用倒装?
Then a new development _____ that had far reaching effects.
A. come
B. coming
C. came
D. had come
答案选C，句子为时间副词then置于句首的倒装句，came为句子谓语。

注：这类倒装句
的谓语通常是go, come, follow, exist, remain等不及物动词。

又如：
Then followed a great noise.接着传来一声巨响。

Then came the day of his examination.接着就是他参加考试的日子。

10.这个倒装与什么有关?
This is your work. In _____ case are you to leave your post.
A. any
B. this
C. which
D. no
答案选D，注意in no case后用了倒装语序are you to leave your post。

按英语习惯，具有否定意义的词置于句首时，句子用倒装句式。

（1）_____ did he know the police were after him.
A. So
B. Even
C. Little
D. How
（2）At _____ time should you place your personal interest first.
A. that
B. one
C. no
D. what
（3）In _____ way can we allow this to continue.
A. this
B. either
C. no
D. a
（4）By _____ means should we do our work like that.
A. every
B. all
C. no
D. those
（5）_____ only did I know her, but I was her best friend.
A. If
B. Even
C. Not
D. Too
以上各题答案均选C，注意句子所用的倒装语序，说明句首使用了表示否定意义的词。

但
是，请注意以下例外：
（1）No wonder he didn't want to go.难怪他不想去。

（2）No doubt we will win in the end.最后肯定是我们赢。

（3）In no time he came up to help.他马上跑过来帮忙。

上面句（1）no wonder（难怪）置于句首，其后并未用倒装语序，原因有二：一是no wonder 虽然含否定词，但并不表否定意义；二是no wonder其实是一种省略表达，它的完整形式为：it is no wonder that...如上句可补充为：It's no wonder that he didn't want to go. 句（2）和句（3）
的no doubt（肯定地，无疑地）和in no time（立即，马上）置于句首，其后未用倒装语序，也是因为它们虽然含有否定词no，但并不表示否定意义。