简单句五种基本句型

4 请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。
4Hand 把车钥匙递给我。 me the car key. 5 Please 把你们的计划用传真发给我们。 fax us your plans. 6 你可否把书单用电子邮件发给我？
Can you e-mail me the book list?
7 把那本书扔给我。 Throw me that book.
1 、名词（代词）+ 不定式
John asked me to help him.
名词（代词）+ 分词
（现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动）
I found him standing at the gate . She could feel her heart beating violently. He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood. He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.
英语简单句五种基本句型 A: 词类及基本用法
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基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ 基本句型二：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ
（主＋谓） （主＋谓/系＋表）
基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ
（主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四: Ｓ +Ｖ +InO +DＯ(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五: Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +OＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分 ：主 谓 表 宾 定 状 补
同一个动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时， 应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例：
He's getting angry. (S V P) You'll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C)
• 常用的带复合宾语的动词 • think, consider, feel, find, have, see, hear, notice, get, leave, ask, tell,etc.
练习 1 We painted the window frames yellow.
1我们把窗框漆成了黄色。
S V (Vt.) InO DO 1.She passed him a new dress. 2. John told me his idea. 3.She showed her friends all the pictures 4. He send me a birthday's present.
练习 She sang us an English song.
I’ll make you some fresh tea.
1 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。 2 我去给你沏点新鲜茶。
That will save you a lot of trouble.
3 这会省去你很多麻烦。
Please fetch me today’s paper.
1.He came. 2.She dances. 3.His words works. 4.You should work hard. 5.Her grandpa died last night. 6.My uncle gets up early every
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
5.状语:说明动作或状态特征修饰用来修饰动 词,形容词,副词或整个句子.副词,介词短语,动
词不定式,以及 after, when, as soon as , until, if, before等引起的从句.
You are quite right.
They often draw in the park.
4.定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词.形容词, 形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语, 不定代词,从句等. 1、This is a red car. 2、The building is their teaching building. 3、The woman doctor is my wife. 4、I have something to tell you. 5、The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. 6、Every student has an English book. 7、I know the boy who is playing basketball on the playground.
1. 主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明 是“什么人” ， “ 什么事”.通常由名词,代词, 动词不定式,动名词来充当.
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
5 我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做 好。
You must keep the room clean.
6 你们必须保持房间干净。
I don’t think it necessary.
7 我认为这没有必要。
1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 谓+ 宾 ) 2.The flower is so fresh. S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表) 3.They work hard. S +V (主 + 谓 ) 4.He gives me some seeds. S +V +In O + DO (主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 间宾) 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. S+V +O +OC (主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补) 6.Many animals live in trees. S+V (主 + 谓 )
My sister is a nurse. The trees turn green. The flower smells good. .
3.宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么 。一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代 词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句构成 .
1.We study English. 2.I saw him yesterday. 3.He wanted to have a pen. 4.She likes playing basketball. 5.Our teacher said that he would go there. 注意：双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语 。 He gave me two books.
系动词可分四类： 1）be ,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词； 2）感官动词类 look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 3）表示变化：get, grow, become, turn, go等 4）表示状态延续：stay, keep, prove, remain, stand等 以及prove 等。
1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
名词（代词）+ 名词
（作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.)
They appointed her head of the English Department. They made him captain of the ship .
基本句型
一
Ｓ(subject) +V(verb)（主＋谓） 特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
She dyed her dress light blue.
He found the job quite interesting.
2 她把连衣裙染成淡蓝色。 3 他发现这工作很有意思。 4 什么使你这样生气？
What made you so angry?
We must get the supper ready in half an hour.
基本句型 五
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +OＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾 语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一 个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
判断原则：能表达成—宾语 是…/做…
e.g. We made him the manager. O OC S V
S V (Vt.) O OC 1.We keep the table clean. 2.I saw them getting on the bus. 3. He asked me to come back soon. 4. I asked Mary to help me. 5.We call our headmaster a wise man .
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
6. 宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾补 之间有逻辑上的主谓关系） 宾语+ 宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以 下几种类型：
1 名词（代词）+ 不定式
2 名词（代词）+ 分 词 3 名词（代词）+ 名 词
4 名词 （代词）+ 形容词
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表 达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。
e.g. We like the movie. o S V
1. I wrote a letter last night. 2. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3. He has read this book many times. 4. They have carried out the plan successfully. 5. You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 6. I saw her. 7. They like watching TV.
2.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 动词充当.
1.They work very hard.
2.He plays basketball every afternoon.
3.I will go camping tomorrow.
3. 表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或 从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态. 系动词有:
基本句型 四
Ｓ +Ｖ +InO +DＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语 才能表达 完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的 直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受 者。
She gave me a book=She gave a book to me.
• 常跟双宾语的动词有： • （需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。 • （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。
1.Everything looks different. 2. 天气更凉爽了。 The weather becomes cooler. 3.This is an English dictionary. 4.The soup smells good. 5.The girl looks beautiful. 6.The music sounds great. 7.The trees turn green. 8.To see is to believe. 9.My brother is a doctor.