2020年项目管理合同法的定义参照模板
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– Consists of two parts
• Legislative • The common law
2020/7/11
法的来源
• 美国的法律体系
– 除美国的路易斯安那州外都基于英国的普通 法。
– 由两部分组成
• 立法机构 • 普通法
2020/7/11
Legislative law
• Determined by legislatures (US Congress and State Legislatures)
2020/7/11
The Theory of Deep Pockets
• The purpose of Contract Lawis to compensate wronged parties for their damages (not for punishment)
• Therefore, legal action will tend to be made against those with the greatest capacity to pay.
普通法
• 衡平法 • 基于先例的理论
先例
合同纠纷
法律规则
先例 - 一种建立在前一个类似案例的法庭宣判结果的法律原理。
2020/7/11
Precedent Example - Fundamental Breach
• May be applied to render exemption clauses in contracts ineffective.
– Precedent - in the event of fundamental breach (a breach of such nature as to go to the very root of the contract)an exmption clause in a contract would not afford protection to the party that committed the breach
2020/7/11
深口袋理论
• 合同法的目的在于为 受害方的损失提供赔 偿（不是为了惩罚）
Code of Ethics
Moonlighting for competitor Professional Misconduct
Slander
Tort Law
Breach of contract
Contract Law
Breach of criminal code
Criminal Law
No formal penalty Disciplinary action Compensation to others Compensation to client
2020/7/11
立法机构的立法
• 由立法机构决定 (美国国会和州立法机构) • 组成部分有：
– 条例
• 职业工程师执照法 (州) • 职业的健康和安全法案 (国家)
– 法规
• 由诸如职业工程师协会组织创建.
2020/7/11
Common Law
• Judge-Made Law • Based on the theory of Precedent
Precedent
Contract Dispute Legal Ruling Precedent - a legal principle established in previous court decisions whi2c02h0/7/i11nvolved similar or analogous fact situations.
2020/7/11
Outline（大纲）
• Legal System Layers • 法定体系层 • Sources of Law • 法的来源 • Contracts • 合同
2020/7/11
Legal system layers
Sample Conduct
Sanctions
Failure to report moonlighting
• Consists of
– Statutes
• Professional Engineering Licensing Laws (States) • Occupational Health and Safety Act (US)
– Regulations
• Created by organizations like the Society of Professional Engineers.
• Case History
– Harbutt Plaasticine v. Wayne Tank & Pump (1970). Factory burned down due to faulty material. $2,300limitied liability in contract was waived and $170,000 paid.
2020/7/11
先例案例 - 根本性的违约
• 可能应用于解释无效合同中的免除条款. • 案例历史
– Harbutt Plaasticine v. Wayne Tank & Pump (1970). 由于不 合格材料导致工厂被烧毁。合同中$2,300的有限责任被放弃 ，赔偿了 $170,000。
– 先例 －-根本上违反合同中的免除条款（该违反涉及到合同中 的根本性问题）不能对违反条款方提供保护。
民事法 合同法 刑法
处罚办法
无正式处罚 训诫式的起诉 对他人的补偿 对客户的补偿 处罚 (进监狱)
随着行为的进一步恶化处罚的严肃wenku.baidu.com也增加。
2020/7/11
Sources of Law
• The US Legal System
– Based on English common law except in State of Louisiana
Punishment (Jail)
As conduct worsens the severity of the sanctions increase
2020/7/11
行为案例
不报告 moonlighting 为竞争对手提供暗地服务
诽谤 违约合同 违反犯罪 code
法律体系层面
道德规范代码 职业人员的明知故犯
• Legislative • The common law
2020/7/11
法的来源
• 美国的法律体系
– 除美国的路易斯安那州外都基于英国的普通 法。
– 由两部分组成
• 立法机构 • 普通法
2020/7/11
Legislative law
• Determined by legislatures (US Congress and State Legislatures)
2020/7/11
The Theory of Deep Pockets
• The purpose of Contract Lawis to compensate wronged parties for their damages (not for punishment)
• Therefore, legal action will tend to be made against those with the greatest capacity to pay.
普通法
• 衡平法 • 基于先例的理论
先例
合同纠纷
法律规则
先例 - 一种建立在前一个类似案例的法庭宣判结果的法律原理。
2020/7/11
Precedent Example - Fundamental Breach
• May be applied to render exemption clauses in contracts ineffective.
– Precedent - in the event of fundamental breach (a breach of such nature as to go to the very root of the contract)an exmption clause in a contract would not afford protection to the party that committed the breach
2020/7/11
深口袋理论
• 合同法的目的在于为 受害方的损失提供赔 偿（不是为了惩罚）
Code of Ethics
Moonlighting for competitor Professional Misconduct
Slander
Tort Law
Breach of contract
Contract Law
Breach of criminal code
Criminal Law
No formal penalty Disciplinary action Compensation to others Compensation to client
2020/7/11
立法机构的立法
• 由立法机构决定 (美国国会和州立法机构) • 组成部分有：
– 条例
• 职业工程师执照法 (州) • 职业的健康和安全法案 (国家)
– 法规
• 由诸如职业工程师协会组织创建.
2020/7/11
Common Law
• Judge-Made Law • Based on the theory of Precedent
Precedent
Contract Dispute Legal Ruling Precedent - a legal principle established in previous court decisions whi2c02h0/7/i11nvolved similar or analogous fact situations.
2020/7/11
Outline（大纲）
• Legal System Layers • 法定体系层 • Sources of Law • 法的来源 • Contracts • 合同
2020/7/11
Legal system layers
Sample Conduct
Sanctions
Failure to report moonlighting
• Consists of
– Statutes
• Professional Engineering Licensing Laws (States) • Occupational Health and Safety Act (US)
– Regulations
• Created by organizations like the Society of Professional Engineers.
• Case History
– Harbutt Plaasticine v. Wayne Tank & Pump (1970). Factory burned down due to faulty material. $2,300limitied liability in contract was waived and $170,000 paid.
2020/7/11
先例案例 - 根本性的违约
• 可能应用于解释无效合同中的免除条款. • 案例历史
– Harbutt Plaasticine v. Wayne Tank & Pump (1970). 由于不 合格材料导致工厂被烧毁。合同中$2,300的有限责任被放弃 ，赔偿了 $170,000。
– 先例 －-根本上违反合同中的免除条款（该违反涉及到合同中 的根本性问题）不能对违反条款方提供保护。
民事法 合同法 刑法
处罚办法
无正式处罚 训诫式的起诉 对他人的补偿 对客户的补偿 处罚 (进监狱)
随着行为的进一步恶化处罚的严肃wenku.baidu.com也增加。
2020/7/11
Sources of Law
• The US Legal System
– Based on English common law except in State of Louisiana
Punishment (Jail)
As conduct worsens the severity of the sanctions increase
2020/7/11
行为案例
不报告 moonlighting 为竞争对手提供暗地服务
诽谤 违约合同 违反犯罪 code
法律体系层面
道德规范代码 职业人员的明知故犯