内燃机车冷却系统毕业论文

摘要

随着燃机车向单机大功率方向不断发展，要求机车冷却系统散逸的热量越来越大，其性能直接影响机车的经济性和可靠性。由于受机车轴重和结构空间尺寸的限制，冷却系统设计和冷却装置结构布置与机车总体布置之间遇到了较大的技术难题。散热器数量的增加，使得冷却系统流程数也相应增大，导致机车冷却系统通水阻力和水系统压力都大幅度提高。传统的冷却系统形式和散热器结构难以满足大功率机车的发展要求。在常规冷却系统设计方法的基础上，研究提出了多流程散热器。该多流程冷却系统具有冷却效率高、结构简单、水泵消耗的辅助功率小及冷却系统部件工作可靠性高等优点。本文分别介绍了机车冷却系统及其作用、现有的几种冷却技术以及对多流程散热器进行了研究及分析计算，并将三流程散热器与单流程散热器进行了试验比较。本课题针对CKD9型燃机车冷却系统的设计要求，提出一种新型的多流程散热器结构方案。该方案有效利用散热器冷却水与冷却空气的温差，达到提高散热量的目的。

关键词：燃机车；冷却系统；散热器；流程；对比；

ABSTRACT

With the development of diesel locomotive to single high-power,the displacement of motorcycle cooling system has been needed much larger.Its quality affects the economy and reliability of locomotive directly.Because of the locomotive axle weight and constraints of space size, there are many technical problems between cooling system design and cooling system device and the whole arrangement of

lecomotive.With the increase of the number of radiators,the quantity of flow has increased ,which made the water-resistance of cooling system and the pressure of water system to a great extent.Traditional form of the cooling system and structure of radiators cannot meet requirements of the development of high-power locomotives. On basis of conventional method of making cooling system, we make multi-process radiators. These multi-process radiators have advantages of high efficiency of cooling, simple structures, little power of water pump and high reliability of cooling system. This text introduced the cooling system and function of locomotives,several existing cooling technologies and analysis and calculation of multi-process radiators respectively and make a tested comparison between tri-flow radiators and single-flow

radiators.According to the requests of designing a cooling system of CKD9 diesel locomotive, we come up with a stuctural program of multi-flow radiators.This program use the temperature difference between cooling water and cooling air effectively to get the target of increasing displacement of heat.

Key words:diesel locomotive;cooling system;radiator;flow;contrast;

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

第二章机车冷却系统 (3)

2.1冷却系统的作用 (3)

2.2冷却系统的分类 (4)

2.3冷却系统的主要部件 (4)

2.3.1散热器 (4)

2.3.2油水热交换器 (4)

2.3.3冷却风扇 (5)

本章小结 (5)

第三章冷却系统设计 (6)

3.1现有的几种冷却技术 (6)

3.1.1常规冷却技术 (6)

3.1.2双流道散热冷却技术 (6)

3.1.3高温冷却技术 (7)

3.1.4干式冷却技术 (7)

本章小节 (8)

第四章多流程散热器的研究 (9)

4.1结构方案的提出 (9)

4.2新的冷却系统设计方法 (12)

4.3通水阻力分析及冲刷腐蚀 (14)

本章小节 (15)

第五章CKD9型燃机车用三流程散热器设计 (16)

5.1冷却系统设计要求 (16)

5.2冷却系统方案选择 (16)

5.3三流程散热器结构设计 (17)

5.4冷却系统的设计计算 (18)

本章小结 (22)

结论 (23)

辞 (24)

参考文献 (25)