高中英语语法-形容词和副词ppt课件
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高中英语语法形容词和副词
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
形容词
性质形容词
叙述形容词
直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它 有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、 表语和补语。例如:hot。 Today is very hot. It’s a hot day. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类 形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数 以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。如,afraid 错: He is an ill man. 对:The man is ill. 错: She is an afraid girl. 对:The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid, alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake
1.Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table a beautiful Chinese glass table 2.wonderful, my, garden, new, large my wonderful large new garden 3. a, round, table, small a small round table 4. a, old, dirty, brown shirt a dirty old brown shirt
Tony is going camping with ______ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C. 由\“Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu定词--数词--描绘
One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 年龄+国家+材料。
(3)形容词短语作定语时要后置。这些形容词短语多 是由 “形容词+介词短语/不定式短语”构成。
It is a problem difficult to solve.
(4)形容词成对使用时,由and/or连接的并列形容词 成对使用时后置。
Everyone, young or old, will do it.
形容词的功能及位置:
(一)作定语 1.前置定语 (1)形容词作定语一般需放在它所修饰的名词之前 并尽量靠近被修饰的词。在这种位置上的定语叫前置 定语。语序一般为“冠词(或其他限定词)+形容词 +名词”。 He is an honest boy.
(2)若有多个形容修饰名词,它们的位置要由它们与被修饰词 的密切程度来决定。其排列顺序通常是:(县官行令杀国材) 限定词+描绘性形容词+颜色+国籍、地区+用途、类别+名: 县,即“限”,指限定词,如:the; a/an; this; that; your; my; 官,即“观”,指观点或评价性词,如:lovely; interesting; cute 行,即“形”,指形状大小,如:large; big; small; little; round; 令,即“龄”,指年龄及新旧,如:new; old; ancient; old… 杀,即“色”,指颜色,如:red; green; orange; brown… 国,指国家或出处,如:Chinese; Japanese; home-made… 材,指材料,也就是用什么做的。如:glass; stone; wood
(5) 表示方位、时间和数量等习语、词组连用时后置
This is a river two hundred miles long. It is a bridge eight metres wide.
(二)作表语 1.在连系动词后要用形容词作表语:常见的连系动 词有:be,look,feel,smell,taste,sound, get/become/grow,remain, 而行为动词则要用副词 修饰。 The cake tastes delicious. He looks very tired.
(2)有些形容词是以-ly结尾的,我们容易把它们误 认为是副词,如lovely,friendly,orderly, motherly, lonely,likely,lively,ugly: (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 但有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily, weekly,monthly,yearly,early等: The Times is a weekly paper. The Times is published weekly. (3)作表语但不用人做主语的形容词 convenient, possible, impossible, necessary,
2.后置定语 (1)作不定代词的定语 修饰someone, something, anyone, anything, nobody everyone, nothing, no one, 等不定代词时,要后置。 There is nothing new. She must have met something dangerous. (2)前缀以a-构成的形容词作定语时要求后置。 常见的有afraid, alive, alike, asleep, awake等 The man awake at that time was Mr. Smith.
2.只能用作表语的形容词:大多数形容词可以用作 定语或表语,但有些形容词只能用作表语。 (1)以“a-”开头的形容词和content, ill, drunk, sure, liable, unable, well等词。 She is asleep now. The film is worth seeing.
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
形容词
性质形容词
叙述形容词
直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它 有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、 表语和补语。例如:hot。 Today is very hot. It’s a hot day. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类 形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数 以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。如,afraid 错: He is an ill man. 对:The man is ill. 错: She is an afraid girl. 对:The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid, alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake
1.Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table a beautiful Chinese glass table 2.wonderful, my, garden, new, large my wonderful large new garden 3. a, round, table, small a small round table 4. a, old, dirty, brown shirt a dirty old brown shirt
Tony is going camping with ______ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C. 由\“Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu定词--数词--描绘
One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 年龄+国家+材料。
(3)形容词短语作定语时要后置。这些形容词短语多 是由 “形容词+介词短语/不定式短语”构成。
It is a problem difficult to solve.
(4)形容词成对使用时,由and/or连接的并列形容词 成对使用时后置。
Everyone, young or old, will do it.
形容词的功能及位置:
(一)作定语 1.前置定语 (1)形容词作定语一般需放在它所修饰的名词之前 并尽量靠近被修饰的词。在这种位置上的定语叫前置 定语。语序一般为“冠词(或其他限定词)+形容词 +名词”。 He is an honest boy.
(2)若有多个形容修饰名词,它们的位置要由它们与被修饰词 的密切程度来决定。其排列顺序通常是:(县官行令杀国材) 限定词+描绘性形容词+颜色+国籍、地区+用途、类别+名: 县,即“限”,指限定词,如:the; a/an; this; that; your; my; 官,即“观”,指观点或评价性词,如:lovely; interesting; cute 行,即“形”,指形状大小,如:large; big; small; little; round; 令,即“龄”,指年龄及新旧,如:new; old; ancient; old… 杀,即“色”,指颜色,如:red; green; orange; brown… 国,指国家或出处,如:Chinese; Japanese; home-made… 材,指材料,也就是用什么做的。如:glass; stone; wood
(5) 表示方位、时间和数量等习语、词组连用时后置
This is a river two hundred miles long. It is a bridge eight metres wide.
(二)作表语 1.在连系动词后要用形容词作表语:常见的连系动 词有:be,look,feel,smell,taste,sound, get/become/grow,remain, 而行为动词则要用副词 修饰。 The cake tastes delicious. He looks very tired.
(2)有些形容词是以-ly结尾的,我们容易把它们误 认为是副词,如lovely,friendly,orderly, motherly, lonely,likely,lively,ugly: (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 但有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily, weekly,monthly,yearly,early等: The Times is a weekly paper. The Times is published weekly. (3)作表语但不用人做主语的形容词 convenient, possible, impossible, necessary,
2.后置定语 (1)作不定代词的定语 修饰someone, something, anyone, anything, nobody everyone, nothing, no one, 等不定代词时,要后置。 There is nothing new. She must have met something dangerous. (2)前缀以a-构成的形容词作定语时要求后置。 常见的有afraid, alive, alike, asleep, awake等 The man awake at that time was Mr. Smith.
2.只能用作表语的形容词:大多数形容词可以用作 定语或表语,但有些形容词只能用作表语。 (1)以“a-”开头的形容词和content, ill, drunk, sure, liable, unable, well等词。 She is asleep now. The film is worth seeing.