名词性从句之宾语从句和主语从句

名词性从句之宾语从句和主语从句1

在主从复合句中，从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下，主语、表语、宾语或同位语这四种句子成分由名词性词类充当，所以，我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句，把充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。

也就是说充当什么成分就叫什么从句。名词性从句由连接词（或关联词）引导。常用的连接词有

考点点拨

考点1．引导宾语从句的关联词有：that (在从句中可省略)

从属连词有：if /whether

连接代词有：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever

连接副词有：where, why,when, how

考点２．宾语从句用陈述句语序

可以带宾语从句的是一些及物动词，介词和一些形容词（sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid,

surprised,satisfied 等）

考点３．Think, believe, suppose, expect 等构成否定句时要前移

I don’t think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。

考点４．nsist, suggest, demand, order, proposal 后宾语从句要用虚拟语气：should +动词原形

考点５．当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后的句子中的that不能省略

考点６．由it 作形式宾语时，that 引导宾语从句时不能省略

考点７．如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。

常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regar d, take….for granted等。

如：

George made it clear that he opposed this project. 乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。

考点８．whether和if都可以引导名词性从句，有时可互换。但下面几种情况只能用whether 而不能用if .

1) 从句后紧跟or not时。

2) 在discuss等某些动词后

3) 引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时。

4) 宾语从句作介词的宾语时。

考点９．doubt引导的宾语从句形式有：

1）I doubt whether/if……

2) There is a doubt whether / if ……

3) I have a doubt whether / if ……

4) I don’t doubt that ……

5) There is no doubt that ……

6) I have no doubt that ……

二．主语从句

考点点拨

考点１．引导主语从句的关联词有：that (不充当任何成分) what (可充当主语，宾语，表语)Whether, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, where, when, why, how

考点２．用it 作形式主语的结构：

A It + be +形容词+ that + 从句

B It + be +名词短语+ that + 从句

C It + be + 过去分词+ that + 从句

D It +seems, happens + that + 从句

E I t doesn’t matter(makes no difference) +连接代词/连接副词+主语从句

注意１：主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。

注意２：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …

It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…

It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…

练习

一．. 用正确的词填空

(1)名词性从句有______ 种, 分别是宾语从句, _______ ,________, 表语从句, 在复合句中充当宾语,

主语, 同位语和表语。

(2)关联词that 在从句中充当成分；what 在从句中可充当，等。

(3)It 可以作形式宾语和。

二. 判断下列句子属于那种从句

(1)I doubt whether he will succeed.

(2)I don’t know how to do it.

(3)I wonder what he is writing to me about.

(4)The fact is that you didn’t hand in your homework yesterday.

(5)That’s how I solved the problem.

(6)Whether he will come here isn’t clear.

(7)What he did is not yet known.

(8)Whom you turned to for help to makes no difference.

(9)It is certain that she will do well in her exam.

(10)I t is said that he has arrived in Zhongshan University.

(11)T he news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

(12)T he news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.

三．将下列句子组合成含有名词性从句的复合句：

1.—Where did they come across each other? --I have no idea about it.

2.He has overcome all the difficulties. It is likely..

3.He has promised to rid himself of those bad habits. We doubt about it.

4. “Let’s focus our attention on what the teacher says”. My partner suggested it.

5.Have you cut off the electricity supply? I want to know it.

6.Nobody wants to lose face in public. There is no doubt about it.

７.He is content with what he has achieved now. That is obvious.

８.How did he become well-known throughout the world overnight? Would you please tell me?

四、形式主语和形式宾语it：

（一）用形式主语或形式宾语组合两句：

1.The monkey swung from one tree to another. That was quite amusing.

2.Human beings can travel to the Mars in thi s century. I don’t think it impossible.

3.Will the family go to visit one of the most unique theme parks in the world Dollywood? That hasn’t been decided yet.