敦煌壁画和丝绸之路介绍-中译英

敦煌壁画和丝绸之路

Dunhuang Frescoes and the Silk Road

敦煌壁画是中国甘肃敦煌石窟艺术形式中最重要的组成部分。敦煌石窟包括敦煌莫高窟、西千佛洞、安西榆林窟,共有石窟552个，有历代壁画五万多平方米，是中国也是世界上壁画最多的石窟群。按照壁画所描绘的内容可分为佛像画、经变画、故事画、供养人画像等。

Dunhuang Frescoes are the most important composing part of the grotto art of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, China. Dunhuang Grottoes include the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Western Thousand Buddha Caves and the Yulin Grottoes in Anxi County, with a total of 552 grottoes. Over 50 thousand square meters of frescoes originated in past dynasties make them a grotto cluster boasting frescoes in largest quantity both in China and all over the world. By the content depicted, these frescoes are divided into Buddha statue paintings, sutra converted paintings, narrative paintings and donor portraits, etc..

敦煌壁画规模巨大，技艺精湛，内容极其丰富多彩，被誉为“艺术宝库”。它和别的宗教艺术一样，是描写神的形象、神的活动、神与神的关系、神与人的关系以寄托人们善良的愿望，安抚人们心灵的艺术。因此，壁画的风格，具有与世俗绘画不同的特征。

The Dunhuang Frescoes are honored as the Art Treasury for their large scale, exquisite craftsmanship as well as extreme richness and diversity in content. Like other religious art, they portray god images and movements, relations between gods as well as relations between gods and human beings in ways that convey good wishes and placate souls of believers. Accordingly, the frescoes have different characteristics in style from those a secular painting has.

丝绸之路，简称丝路。是指西汉时，由张骞出使西域开辟的以长安（今西安）为起点，经甘肃、新疆，到中亚、西亚，并联结地中海各国的陆上通道。因为由这条路西运的货物中以丝绸制品的影响最大，故得此名。丝绸之路，在世界史上有重大的意义，这是亚欧大陆的交通动脉，是中国、印度、希腊三种主要文化的交汇的桥梁。丝绸之路的开辟，有力地促进了东西方的经济文化交流，对促成汉朝的兴盛产生了积极的作用。这条丝绸之路，至今仍是中西交往的一条重要通道。

The Silk Road, also known as Silu in Chinese pinyin, refers to the land passageway opened up by Zhang Qian, an imperial envoy who was dispatched for a diplomatic mission to the Western Regions during the Western Han Dynasty. The Road starts from Chang’an (today’s Xi’an) and reaches the Central and West Asia via Gansu and Xinjiang, connecting Mediterranean countries. It gains the name because silk products have made the greatest impact among the goods transported westward. The Silk Road is of great significance in the world history for its roles as the Eurasia communicating artery and the bridge for the intersection of Chinese, Indian and Greek cultures. The opening up of the Road has effectively promoted the economic and cultural exchange between eastern and western countries and has played a positive part in contributing to the prosperity of the Han Dynasty. So far, the Silk Road has remained a major gateway for communication between China and western countries.

敦煌是丝绸之路上的一座重镇。因为当时有了丝路之路，也就有了传播佛教的路线和敦煌财富的聚集，也就有了敦煌石窟的开凿，才会有窟内的壁画，才会有如此灿烂的敦煌文化。

Dunhuang was an important town on the Silk Road at that time. The Silk Road available then has provided routes for spreading Buddhism and made it possible to have gathered wealth at Dunhuang, carved the Dunhuang grottoes, produced the frescoes in the grottoes, and presented such brilliant Dunhuang culture.