[精讲精练]形容词和副词精讲-高考英语语法突破真题精讲+课件

真题题型2019课标I 2018课标I 2017课标I 2016课标I 2015课标I 2014课标I

语篇填空poorly(poor)

higher(high)

longer(long)

energetic(energy)

worse(bad)

careful(care)

officially(official)

(A few

hours)before/earlier

regularly(regular)

actually(actual)

cleaner(clean)

amazing(amaze)

短文改错interesting→interested

hardly→hard

here→there

happily→happy

去掉so后的much

late→later

suddenly→sudden

steady→steadily

seriously→serious

Much→Many

before→ago

somewhere→everywhere

taste→tasty

wonderfully→wonderful

1.语篇型填空、短文改错对于形容词、副词的考查主要集中在形容词与副词之间相互转换-句法功能

2.对于常用易混形容词、副词用法(如：many与much, somewhere与everywhere, before与ago)的考查也是重点之一

3.形容词、副词变为比较级规则(如:clean一cleaner，,形容词构词法(如:taste-tasty)也是语篇型填空、短文改错的难点之一

形容词/副

句法功能

形容词：名前be后宾补状（特例：something important；a book suitable for children）副词：形修名副修动副词和句型

Eg. I consider his suggestion very valuable.

He returned home, safe and sound.(作状语，表示主语的状态。)

即学即练

1．A career in law is becoming increasingly (attract)to young people.

2．The book provides ( value ) information on recent trends.

3．I'm ( true )sorry that things had to end like this.

4．We are all (entire)responsible for our actions.

5．There have been some problems but (basic) it's a good system.

答案：1.attraction 2.valuable 3.truly 4. entirely 5.basically

形容词、副词构词法

一、形容词→副词

“一般直接加ly，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y”

注意:有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly ; motherly ; lovely ; monthly ; lonely; lively

二、其他词性→形容词（见词性转换表）

有关情绪的动词，其现在分词和过去分词做形容词时，表达不同的含义。情绪动词的现在分词-ing意思指“令别人感到……，使别人感到……”，能给别人带来这种情绪。情绪动词的过去分词-ed意思指“自己感到……”，自己有这种情绪。

frightening man 令别人害怕的人frightened man 受了惊吓的人

另外一种用法：broken dressed lost missing seated

即学即练

1．The six students put their hands ______(close) in front of them.

2．Do sports every day to keep______(health).

3．It snowed ______ (heavy) yesterday.

4．The rain will be ______(heavy) in some places.

5．It will be _____(sun) tomorrow.

6．6 .Her pen was _______(break).

7．I am _______(interest) in the _______(interest) game.

8．One way to develop self -confidence is to do the thing that you fear and to get a record of _______(success) experience behind you.

9．With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as an_______(efficiency) way of reaching target customers.

10．The hotel is modern and_ __ _ __ _(comfortable) furnished. 11．He arrived home, hungry and_ _ __ _(tire).

12．Crusoe stared at the footprint, _ _ __ _ (fully) of fear.

答案：closed ； healthy ； heavily ； heavy ； sunny ； broken ；interested/interesting ；successful; efficient; comfortably; tired; full

常见易混形容词、副词

1. ago 、before 副词

用法

例句

ago

从现在算起一段时间以前，常与一般过

去时连用。

I graduated from the college twenty years ago.

before

从过去某一时间算起一段时间以前，

“过去的过去”，常与过去完成时连用。

She said that she had married him five years before.

不表示“一段时间以前”，只表示“从前，以前” He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before.

2. late 、later 、latter 、latest 、lately 词性 词义 例句

late adj. & adv. 迟，晚 Lately , I got to know that Tom and Jerry are good friends.

The former is a doctor. while the latter is an official. They sometimes stay late together to share the latest news with each other. Later , Jerry left for London.

最近，我才知道汤姆和格里是好朋友。前者是医生，后者是位官员。他们有时会聚在一起很晚来分享最新消息。后

later

adj. 后来的，以后的 adv.

后来

latter adj. (两者中)后者的 latest adj.

最新的，最近的