2021届全国天一大联考新高考模拟试卷(二十二)英语试题
2021届全国天一大联考新高考模拟试卷（二十二）
英语试题
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1、考试范围：高考范围。
2、试题卷启封下发后，如果试题卷有缺页、漏印、重印、损坏或者个别字句印刷模糊不清等情况，应当立马报告监考老师，否则一切后果自负。
3、答题卡启封下发后，如果发现答题卡上出现字迹模糊、行列歪斜或缺印等现象，应当马上报告监考老师，否则一切后果自负。
4、答题前，请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
5、选择题的作答：每个小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。
6、填空题和解答题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
7、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。
8、保持答题卡卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。
9、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020
The competition is open to anyone. Your story can be set anywhere, feature any characters, and be written in any style. This year's theme is "Vision". There are no entry fees for those aged 21 and under. Over 21s must pay an entry fee of￡10 or￡5 for those with student ID.
There are two prizes:
￡1,000 for writers aged 21 and under
￡500 for writers aged over 21
NursinglnFocus Photo Contest 2020
This year we're celebrating the Year of the Nurse. The aim of the NursingInFocus Photo Contest is to put the
spotlight on the work of nurses around the world. The competition is open to anyone 18 years old or older. The competition is free to enter.
Prizes:
Overall Winner: $ 1,000
Category Winners: $ 200
People's Choice: $ 500
2020 Posterheroes Contest
Posterheroes Contest is an international poster competition on social and environmental themes. This year's theme is HUMANS AT WORK. The competition is free to enter.
The winner will receive a cash prize of 2，500
Rijksstudio Design Award 2020
The Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam invites everyone to create their own masterpiece inspired by the Rijksmuseum's collection. Alf art forms are possible, such as photos, videos, animations, products, fashion, collages or poems. The competition is free to enter.
The winner of the Rijksstudio Design Award will receive 7，500.
1. What is special about HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020?
A. It's not open to everyone.
B. It limits stories to one style.
C. It accepts stories of all themes.
D. It's not free for all participants. 2. How much can the winner of 2020 Posterheroes Contest get as a prize? A. $ 1,000. B. $ 2,000. C. 2,500. D. 7,500. 3. Which competition may accept a poem? A. 2020 Posterheroes Contest. B. Rijksstudio Design Award 2020. C. NursingInFocus Photo Contest 2020. D. HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个比赛项目的参赛要求、收费以及奖项的金额等事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一部分HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020中“There are no entry fees for those aged 21 and under. Over 21s must pay an entry fee of￡10 0r￡5 for those with student ID.”可知，此项比赛对21岁及21岁以下的参赛者不收费，对21岁以上的参赛者收费。由此可知，HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020 不是对所有参与者免费的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三部分2020 Posterheroes Contest最后“The winner will receive a cash prize of￡2，500.”可知，此项大赛获胜者将获得2500英镑的奖金。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四部分Rijksstudio Design Award 2020中“All art forms are possible，such as photos，videos，animations, products, fashion, collages or poems.”可知，所有的艺术形式都是可以的，比如照片、视频、动画、产品、时尚、拼贴画或诗歌。故选B。
B
Considered to be not only an outstanding businesswoman, but also a leader that all of us can learn from, Shazi Visram is a daughter of immigrants who took life-changing risks in order to create a better world for their children. For as long as she can remember, she has wanted to be a part of something bigger than herself. Ms. Visram has always sought to create abundance and pay it forward-the question was: how? Her journey took her to Columbia Business School, where she had an "Aha! Moment" while listening with a sympathetic ear to a friend's concern about the difficulty of finding the time to make her own baby food, and the lack of healthy options in traditional baby food. In that moment, Happy Family was born.
Ms. Visram made it her mission to create a progressive business that could positively affect the health of our children while giving back to those in need and also supporting sustainable(可持续的) agriculture. Under Ms.' Visram's guidance, Happy Family has continued to grow, announcing a partnership with Groupe Danone, a global company whose mission is to bring health through food to people everywhere. The partnership will raise the bar for children's nutrition in the US, combining their shared devotion to social responsibility.
Ms. Visram's accomplishments have earned her the respect and admiration of her peers and colleagues. Happy Family was recognized as one of the fastest growing companies in the country by Inc. Magazine.
In addition to her MBA from Columbia Business School, Ms. Visram holds a BA in history from Columbia College. In addition, she works with the Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship as an instructor to young and ambitious entrepreneurs (企业家) from low-income communities.
4. What can be inferred about Shazi Visram?
A. She traveled a lot when she was young.
B. She has been ambitious since an early age.
C. She was born into a wealthy immigrant family.
D. She took risks to create a better life for her family.
5. What gave Shazi Visram the inspiration for Happy Family?
A. The concern of a friend.
B. Her journey to a big company.
C. Her concern about poor children.
D. The lack of traditional baby food.
6. What's Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The nutrition levels of children.
B. Shazi Visram's contributions to society.
C. The importance of sustainable agriculture.
D. Happy Family's partnership with Groupe Danone.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. A woman who is recognized for running a business
B. A woman who holds two degrees and instructs others
C. A woman who raises the bar for children's nutrition
D. A woman who creates abundance and pays it forward
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了Happy Family，事业有了很大的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提供帮助，她是一位能够创造财富并回报社会的成功女性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For as long as she can remember，she has wanted to be a part of something bigger than herself. (从她记事起，她就想做超越自己能力范围外的事情。)”，由此以及下文的讲述可以推断出，Shazi Visram从小就胸怀大志。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Her journey took her to Columbia Business School, where she had an ‘Aha! Moment' while listening with a sympathetic ear to a friend's concern about the difficulty of finding the time to make her own baby food, and the lack of healthy options in traditional baby food. In that moment，Happy Family was born.”可知，一位朋友担心自己很难抽出时间做婴儿食品，而传统的婴儿食品又缺乏健康的选择。在那一刻，Happy Family 诞生了，可以可知，是朋友的担忧引发了她创建Happy Family的想法。故选A。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段Ms. Visram made it her mission to create a progressive business that could positively affect the health of our children while giving back to those in need and also supporting sustainable(可持续的) agriculture. Under Ms.' Visram's guidance, Happy Family has continued to grow, announcing a partnership with Groupe Danone, a global company whose mission is to bring health through food to people everywhere. The partnership will raise the bar for children's nutrition in the US, combining their shared devotion to social responsibility.可知，Visram女士的使命是创建一个进步的企业，在回馈有需要的人的同时，也支持可持续农业，从而对我们儿童的健康产生积极影响。在Visram女士的指导下，Happy Family继续发展壮大，宣布与全球公司Groupe Danone建立合作关系，该公司的使命是通过食物为世界各地的人们带来健康。这一合作关系将提高美国儿童营养水平，使他们共同致力于社会责任。由此可见本段主旨为Shazi Visram对社会的贡献。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了Happy Family，事业有了很大的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提供帮助。由此可见她是一位能够创造财富并回报社会的成功女性。所以D. A woman who creates abundance and pays it forward(一位创造财富并回报社会的女性)作为文章标题最为恰当。故选D。
【点睛】考查阅读理解选择最佳标题时，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文。小题4就是根据全文内容可知，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了Happy Family，事业有了很大的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提供帮助。由此可见她是一位能够创造财富并回报社会的成功女性。所以 D. A woman who creates abundance and pays it forward(一位创造财富并回报社会的女性)作为文章标题最为恰当。故选D 。
C
An exhibition at the Harvard Museum of Natural History is around the theme of food plant disease, using early 20th-century glass models of rotting fruit.
Known as Harvard's "Glass Flowers", the Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants consists of over
4，300 sculptures of plants and plant parts fashioned entirely in glass by the German father-and-son artists Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka between 1887 and 1936. Harvard originally used the models as teaching tools, showing plants' three-dimensional structure and color.
The "Fruits in Decay" shows a collection of models of diseased, rotting, and withering(枯萎的) fruiting plants. The rotting fruit series was intended specifically to educate the public about the danger of plant disease. These models were created by Rudolf, the younger Blaschka, in the early 20th century Harvard botanist Oakes Ames asked him to create these diseased fruit models. And he thought about these as a way to look at what we now call food security-or insecurity.
Though the models were made nearly a hundred years ago, the theme is as remarkable as ever. Most of the illnesses shown on Rudolf Blaschka's plant models still affect today's crops.
"In certain ways, global agriculture is more likely to be harmed than it has ever been to disease threats(威胁), largely due to the widespread practice of planting one crop over large production areas. Less genetic diversity means that crops have less resistance to disease," says Sheng Yang He, a professor at Michigan State University.
Climate change will make plants more vulnerable to disease because warming temperatures disable an important plant defense system against plant disease. Major crop loss from plant disease is already at a shocking 20 t0 40 percent. Food security threats from disease will almost certainly become more common so there's a lot to be done about convincing people of it.
8. What are shown on the exhibition?
A. Models of diverse crops.
B. Models of withering flowers.
C. Models of rotting plant parts.
D. Models of diseased fruiting plants.
9. By whom were the exhibits created?
A. Oakes Ames.
B. Sheng Yang He.
C. Rudolf Blaschka.
D. Leopold Blaschka.
10. Why is the exhibition meaningful?
A. It convinces people of the food security threats.
B. It reminds people of effects of global warming.
C. It helps people understand the history of fruit planting.
D. It provides people with knowledge of global agriculture.
11. What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in the last paragraph mean?
A Weak and easily hurt. B. Resistant and protected.
C. Defensive and hard to attack.
D. Sensitive and completely destroyed.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“枯萎果树模型展”以及由这个展览引发的关于食品安全的讨论。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The ‘Fruits in Decay' shows a collection of models of diseased，rotting，and withering(枯萎的)fruiting plants.”可知，“腐烂的水果”展示的是一些病变、腐烂和枯萎的水果植物的模型。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“These models were created by Rudolf，the younger Blaschka, in the early 20th century Harvard botanist Oakes Ames asked him to create these diseased fruit models. ”可知，这些模型是由鲁道夫·布拉施卡在20世纪早期创造的。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段，尤其是文章最后一句的总结“Food security threats from disease will almost certainly become more common so there's a lot to be done about convincing people of it.”可知，虽然这些模型都是二十世纪早期的作品，但是在今天展出，对于帮助人们认识食品安全这个问题仍有重要意义。故选A。【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的"because warming temperatures disable an important plant defense system against plant disease” 可知，因为变暖的温度使植物抵御疾病的重要防御系统失效。可以猜测出气候变化使植物抗病能力降低，更容易遭受病害。所以vulnerable为“脆弱的，易受伤的”之意。故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题。设题时，常会考查生词或短语的词义判断题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题4要求猜测出vulnerable的含义，就是根据后句"because warming temperatures disable an important plant defense system against plant disease” 可知，因为变暖的温度使植物抵御疾病的重要防御系统失效。可以猜测出气候变化使植物抗病能力降低，更容易遭受病害。所以vulnerable为“脆弱的，易受伤的”之意。
D
When Barzilay had a routine breast X-ray in her early 40s, the image showed a complex group of white spots in her breast tissue. The marks could be normal, or they could be cancerous-even the best doctors often struggle to tell
the difference. Over the next two years Barzilay underwent a second X-ray, a MRI and a biopsy and she was finally diagnosed（诊断）with breast cancer in 2014.
Barzilay was treated and made a good recovery. But she remained terrified that the uncertainties of reading an X-ray could delay treatment so she made a career-changing decision.
A computer scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Barzilay had never studied health before. Her research used machine-learning techniques for natural language processing. But she had been looking for a new line of research and decided to team up with radiologists (放射科医生) to develop machine-learning algorithms (算法) that use computers' superior visual analysis to spot patterns in X-rays that the human eye might miss.
Over the next four years the team taught a computer program to analyze X-rays from about 32,000 women and told it which women had been diagnosed with cancer within five years of the scan. They then tested the computer's matching abilities in 3,800 more patients. Their resulting algorithm, published last May in Radiology, was significantly more accurate at predicting cancer than practices generally used in clinics. When Barzilay's team ran the program on her own X-ray from 2012-one her doctor had cleared-the algorithm correctly predicted she was at a higher risk of developing breast cancer within five years than 98 percent of patients.
AI applications are entering clinics at a rapid rate, and physicians have met the technology with equal parts excitement about its potential to reduce their workload and fear about losing their jobs to machines. Algorithms also raise questions about how to regulate a machine that is constantly learning and changing and who is to blame if an algorithm gets a diagnosis wrong. Still, many physicians are excited about the promise of AI programs.
12. What advantage do Barzilay's algorithms take of computers to predict cancer?
A. Superior visual analysis.
B. Timely risk warning settings.
C. Natural-language processing techniques.
D. Large storage of radiological knowledge.
13. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Cancer.
B. Research.
C. The team.
D. The program.
14. How do physicians react to AI applications in clinics?
A. They doubt the accuracy of the applications.
B. They have mixed feelings about the applications.
C. They promise to make the best of the applications.
D. They expect to rapidly popularize the applications.
15. It can be inferred from the text that
A. Barzilay suffered from breast cancer for two years in her forties
B. at first Barzilay didn't think X-ray was a reliable way of checking cancer
C. with Barzilay's algorithms her cancer could have been diagnosed earlier
D. Barzilay failed to turn to the best doctors to have her breast checked
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Barzilay 是如何使用人工智能帮助识别X 光照片中癌变组织的。但是还是有一些问题需要解决，不过许多医生还是对人工智能项目的前景感到乐观。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的
“to develop machine-learning algorithms （算法）that use computers' superior visual analysis to spot patterns in X-rays that the human eye might miss ”可知机器学习算法利用了计算机出色的视觉分析来发现人眼可能会错过的x 光片中的图像。故选A 项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Over the next four years the team taught a computer program to analyze X-rays from about 32,000 women and told it which women had been diagnosed with cancer within five years of the scan ”可知在接下来的四年里，这个团队教一个电脑程序识别来自32，000位女士的X 光照片，并告诉it 哪些女士在拍照五年内诊断出癌症。由此可见“it”指的就是前文中的“a computer program”。D 项（the program ）切题。故选D 项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“AI applications are entering clinics at a rapid rate, and physicians have met the technology with equal parts excitement about its potential to reduce their workload and fear about losing their jobs to machines.”可知人工智能应用正以快速的速度进入诊所，医生们面对这项技术时，一方面对其减轻（他们）工作量的潜力感到兴奋，另一方面又担心自己会被机器抢走工作。由此可见，临床医生们对这项技术的应用既感到兴奋，又感到害怕和担忧，他们的感情很复杂。故选B 项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When Barzilay had ...t a second X-ray, a MRI and a biopsy and she was finally diagnosed with breast cancer in 2014.”可知Barzilay 在40岁出头的时候做了一次常规的乳房x 光检查，图像显示她的乳房组织中有一组白点。这些白点可能是正常的，也可能是癌变组织——即使是最好的医生也很难分辨出它们的区别。在接下来的两年内, 她进行了第二次x 光检查，MRI 和活检, 最终在2014年确诊了乳腺癌。根据文章第四段中“When Barzilay's team ran the program on her ...at a higher risk of developing breast
cancer within five years than 98 percent of patients.”可知当Barzilay的团队从2012年开始用她自己的x光进行这个项目时——她的医生发现——算法正确地预测她在五年内比98%的病人患乳腺癌的风险更高。可以推断出，如果当时能够使用人工智能识别技术，Barzilay的病就可以更早确诊。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The beginning of November means winter is well on its way. ___16___ It's great to stay indoors surrounded by people that make you happiest. I've always felt homes that have the warmest atmosphere are those that feel the most lived in. Here are my personal tips on how to feed that coziness（温馨）into your home this winter.
It makes sense to fill your home with textured（有纹理的）decorations which feel warm and easy. You can throw a textured blanket on your couch or bed. I'm also a huge fan of carpets on top of the wooden floors. Of course, carpets will help to physically warm your space by offering a cozy spot for your feet. ___17___ It's also a good idea to display your creations and collections in your home. My wall was feeling bare one day, so I filled the space with a simple wall hanging. ___18___ Simple, yes, and it makes me feel warm every time I see it. Do any of you have a love for windowsills（窗台）like I do? Make use of your windowsill by displaying decorations like feathers, candleholders, rocks... anything you've collected over the years.
___19___ There's a homey feeling that goes along with letting your bed stay unmade for the day, or slipping your shoes off in the middle of your bedroom. Leave your closet door half open; hang necklaces on your wall; leave your curtain over the top of a mirror instead of getting it neatly away. ___20___
A. A warm home usually feels casual.
B. I made it from a stick and some string.
C. I'm proud of my gift for creating' wonderful artworks.
D. And the addition can make a space feel warmer, just by looking at it.
E. It's a good habit to take time to get everything well organized at home.
F. To me, there's nothing better than spending a cold evening in a warm home.
G. In a word, if you make your space feel lived in, you'll enjoy living there all the more.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲的是如何在冬季营造温暖的居家氛围。
【16题详解】
根据前文“The beginning of November means winter is well on its way.”可知
十一月初意味着冬天即将来临。根据下文“It's great to stay indoors surrounded by people that make you
happiest.”可知待在室内，周围都是让你感到快乐的人，这很好。F项（对我来说，没有什么比在温暖的家里度过一个寒冷的夜晚更好的事情了。）能够承接上文中的“冬天的寒冷”和下文中的“待在家里”。故选F项。【17题详解】
根据前文“Of course, carpets will help to physically warm your space by offering a cozy spot for your feet.”可知当然，地毯会给你的脚提供一个舒适的地方，从而帮助你保暖。D项（另外，（地毯）能让空间变得更温暖，哪怕只是看着它。）中的“the addition”指的是上文提到的放在地板上的地毯。选项句和其前句讲的都是地板上放地毯如何让人感觉更温暖。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“My wall was feeling bare one day, so I filled the space with a simple wall hanging.”可知有一天，我的墙壁感觉光秃秃的，所以我用简单的壁挂来填充空间。B选项（（这个壁挂）我是用一根棍子和一些绳子做的。）中的“it”指的是上句中的“wall hanging”，作者说自己使用一根棍子和一些线做的，这正好与下句中的“simple”意义一致。故选B项。
【19题详解】
设空处位于句首，为最后一段的主旨句。根据“There's a homey feeling that goes along with letting your bed stay unmade for the day… of a mirror instead of getting it neatly away.”可知白天不铺床，或者在卧室中央脱掉鞋子，都能给人一种家的感觉。让你的衣橱门半开着;把项链挂在你的墙上;把窗帘盖在镜子上，而不是把它整齐地放在一边。这一整段都在讲房间不要太过整齐，乱一点更有人气。A项（温暖的家通常让人感觉很随意。）切题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于短尾，为最后一段的总结句。结合上题解析，G项（总之，房间有人气了，你也就更加愿意住在里面了）切题。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Forest bathing is originally a Japanese practice, which is about soaking up(吸收) ___21___with all your senses. It___22___ participants to get slowly and deliberately into nature. Guided forest-bathing sessions ___23___ include deep breathing exercises, suggestions for aspects of nature to___24___, and invitations to share what you've noticed.
My first forest bathing ___25___ was with a guide called Josh Heath. He ___26___ a fistful of red-spruce tree needles, crushed(压碎)them between his bearlike hands and breathed deeply. I ___27___ his lead, rolled the
___28___ between my hands, brought my hands to my ___29___, and breathed in the smell. Then, Heath showed me
how to do a fox walk, placing my foot down in a semicircular fashion. I struck the ____30____ with my heel, then my big toe, followed by my little toe. We crept(悄悄缓慢行进)down the path, and he asked me to notice what was moving. I had to ____31____ my skeptical inner words and concentrate on my ____32____. When I did, I noticed the plants bowing and waving. I ____33____a squirrel running across the path. As we approached the lake, I watched a dragonfly flying over the water. I realized that having something ____34____ to look for helps me focus and stay present.
Heath ____35____ he didn't think much of forest bathing at first. But he realized that whenever he felt
____36____, he would go fishing or head out into the woods. He found that forest bathing encouraged more mindfulness.
The next night I attempted forest bathing on my own. I went back to the lake, looked up, and saw the full brilliance of a starry sky undisturbed by artificial ____37____. I lay down, listening to the wind and the waves. I caught sight of a shooting star ____38____ behind the trees. It was a(n) ____39____ natural display-and I
____40____ understood the need to soak it up.
21. A. air B. nature C. spirit D. water
22. A. forces B. persuades C. encourages D. urges
23. A. typically B. barely C. fortunately D. seriously
24. A. focus on B. deal with C. act on D. connect with
25. A. lesson B. demand C. intention D. experience
26. A. discovered B. took C. noticed D. threw
27. A. expected B. followed C. missed D. ignored
28. A. needles B. branches C. earth D. grass
29. A. guide B. friend C. feet D. face
30. A. squirrel B. fox C. ground D. trunk
31. A. quiet B. disturb C. absorb D. stress
32. A. feelings B. sufferings C. surroundings D. greetings
33. A. prevented B. spotted C. fancied D. heard
34. A. new B. attractive C. strange D. specific
35. A. believes B. regrets C. concludes D. admits
36. A. relieved B. bad C. uninterested D. inspired
37. A. intelligence B. color C. light D. language
38. A. disappearing B. shining C. hanging D. waving
39. A. promising B. motivating C. threatening D. astonishing
40. A. hardly B. actually C. fully D. basically
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31.
A 32. C 33.
B 34. D 35. D 36. B 37.
C 38. A 39.
D 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次森林浴经历。在向导的带领下，通过这次森林浴他看到了从未见过的景象，也放松了身心，更重要的是他认识到了沐浴在自然中，吸收自然的必要性。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：森林浴是一项源于日本的习惯，它是用你所有的感觉去吸收大自然。A. air空气；
B. nature自然；
C. spirit精神；
D. water水。根据下文的It___2___ participants to get slowly and deliberately into nature.可知此处用“自然”符合语境，nature是原词复现，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它鼓励参与者慢慢地、有意识地进入大自然。A. forces强迫；B. persuades劝说；
C. encourages鼓励；
D. urges催促。结合上下文可知森林浴对人有好处，故此处应用一个正向的词语，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有指导的森林浴活动典型地包括深呼吸练习、关注自然方方面面的建议，以及邀请别人分享你所看到的一切。A. typically典型地；B. barely仅仅；C. fortunately幸运地；D. seriously严肃地。根据下文的deep breathing exercises, suggestions for aspects of nature to___4___, and invitations to share what you've noticed.可知此处是指森林动通常包括那些典型活动，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有指导的森林浴活动通常包括深呼吸练习、关注自然方方面面的建议，以及邀请别人分享你所注意到的一切。A. focus on关注；B. deal with处理；C. act on对……起作用；D. connect with 把……联系起来。根据上文的It___2___ participants to get slowly and deliberately into nature可知参与者应该进入森林，并且关注森林里自然的一切，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一次森林浴经历是和一名叫Josh Heath的指导一起进行的。A. lesson课程；
B. demand要求；
C. intention意图；
D. experience经历。根据下文内容可知，从本段开始作者讲述自己第一次森林浴的经历，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拿了一大把红杉的针叶，用他熊掌一样手把他们压碎，然后深吸了一口气。
A. discovered发现；
B. took拿；
C. noticed注意到；
D. threw扔。根据下文的crushed them between his bearlike hands可知此处用“拿”符合语境，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我照着他那样做，用手搓红杉的针叶，然后把手拿到我的脸旁，闻它的味道。
A. expected期待；
B. followed跟最，照着……做；
C. missed错过；
D. ignored忽略。根据上文的He ___6___ a fistful of red-spruce tree needles, crushed them between his bearlike hands and breathed deeply.和下文的rolled the ___8___ between my hands, brought my hands to my ___9___, and breathed in the smell.可知此处用“照着他那样做”符合语境，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我照着他那样做，用手搓红杉的针叶，然后把手拿到我的脸旁，闻它的味道。
A. needles针叶；
B. branches树枝；
C. earth泥土；
D. grass草。根据上文的He ___6___ a fistful of red-spruce tree needles可知此处用“针叶”符合语境，needles是原词复现，故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我照着他那样做，用手搓红杉的针叶，然后把手拿到我的脸旁，闻它的味道。
A. guide向导；
B. friend朋友；
C. feet脚；
D. face脸。根据下文的breathed in the smell可知此处用“脸”符合语境，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把脚后跟放在地上，然后我的大脚趾，接下来是我的小脚趾。A. squirrel松鼠；
B. fox狐狸；
C. ground地面；
D. trunk树干。根据上文的Then, Heath showed me how to do a fox walk, placing my foot down in a semicircular fashion.可知作者在跟导游学狐狸走路，故此处用“地面”符合语境，故选C 项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须要自己的内心怀疑的话语安静下来，才能集中注意力在周围环境上。A. quiet 使……安静；B. disturb打扰；C. absorb吸收；D. stress强调。根据下文的and concentrate on my ___12___.可知要集中精力，就要让自己怀疑的声音安静下来，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须要自己的内心怀疑的话语安静下来，才能集中注意力在周围环境上。A. feelings感情；B. sufferings遭遇；C. surroundings周遭（环境）；D. greetings问候。根据下文的I noticed the plants bowing and waving. I ___13___a squirrel running across the path.可知作者注意到了周围的环境，故选C项。【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到一只松鼠穿过林间小路。A. prevented阻止；B. spotted看见；C. fancied
喜欢；D. heard 听见。根据上文的When I did, I noticed the plants bowing and waving 可知此处用“看见”符合语境，notice 和spot 是同义词复现，故选B 项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有一些特定的、可以寻找的东西能帮助我集中精力，保持在当下。
A. new 新的；
B. attractive 有吸引力的；
C. strange 奇怪的；
D. specific 特定的，具体的。根据上文的and he asked me to notice what was moving 可知此处用“特定的事物”符合语境，故选D 项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Health 承认一开始他也不太认可森林浴。A. believes 相信；B. regrets 后悔；C. concludes 总结；D. admits 承认。结合上下文可知，此处是指导游“承认”自己最初也不认可林浴，后来通过自己接触自然的感受，认识到了这项活动的益处，故选D 项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他意识到，无论何时他感觉糟糕时，就会去钓鱼或者前往森林。A. relieved 放松的；B. bad 糟糕的；C. uninterested 不感兴趣的；D. inspired 受到鼓舞的。结合文章提到的森林浴的好处和下文的he would go fishing or head out into the woods.可推测，作者在感觉糟糕时会去钓鱼或者前往森林，故选B 项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回到湖边，看到了满天星斗，没有人造光的
打扰。A. intelligence 智慧；B. color 颜色；C. light 光；D. language 语言。根据上文的saw the full brilliance of a starry sky 可知此处在谈论夜空的光，“星光”和“人造光”形成对比，故选C 项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到一颗流星在树后划过、消失。
A. disappearing 消失；
B. shining 闪烁；
C. hanging 挂；
D. waving 挥手。根据常识可知，流星是转瞬即逝的，故此处用“消失”符合逻辑和语境，故选A 项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一场令人震惊的自然展示，而我，也完全明白了吸收大自然的必要性。
A. promising 有前途的；
B. motivating 激励的；
C. threatening 令人恐惧的；
D. astonishing 令人震惊的。根据上文的I lay down, listening to the wind and the waves. I caught sight of a shooting star ___18___ behind the trees.可知，对于作者来说看见纯洁的星空和流星对于作者来说令人震惊的一幕，故选D 项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一场令人震惊的自然展示，而我，也完全明白了吸收大自然的必要性。
A. hardly 几乎不；
B. actually 事实上；
C. fully 完全；
D. basically 基本上。结合上下文可知，此处是指经过这次森林浴的经历，作者完全理解了沐浴在自然中，吸收自然的必要性，故选C 项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chang Pengfei was quite ___41___ (excite) when his Bluetooth microphone was voted one of the 12 most popular ___42___ (gift) on sale in Beijing in late December last year. The product ___43___ (combine) many Beijing symbols, from Peking Opera facial makeup to calligraphy(书法),can also be connected to a karaoke app and offer
___44___ (it) users entertainment.
The gifts include artworks, face masks, traditional Chinese liquor(酒) and cakes ___45___ a11 bear Beijing characteristics. The event___46___ (host) by the Beijing Municipal Culture and Tourism Bureau and received more than l.58 million votes.
Chang is planning to add more Beijing ___47___ (culture) symbols to future products. He believes the local touches applied to the Bluetooth microphone has promoted its ___48___ (appear), and other symbols of Beijing can be applied to more gifts in the capital.
Wang Yue, a government official, hopes more design ers will join the Beijing Gifts platform. “There's still room ___49___ online sales, and we hope that Beijing Gifts will become ____50____ calling card for Chinese and Beijing culture,” Wang says.
【答案】41. excited
42. gifts 43. combining
44. its 45. that/which
46. was hosted
47. cultural
48. appearance
49. for 50. a
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了常鹏飞设计的蓝牙麦克风被选为北京最受欢迎的12款礼品之一，该产品结合了许多北京符号，从京剧脸谱到书法，还可以连接到卡拉ok应用，为用户提供娱乐。介绍了“北京礼物”将会成为中国文化和北京文化的名片。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。根据上文Chang Pengfei was quite可知应填形容词作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词excited。故填excited。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。gift为可数名词，上文one of后跟名词复数形式，表示“……其中之一”。故填gifts。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知combine在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处是修饰名词product做后置定语，且与该名词构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填combining。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：该产品结合了许多北京符号，从京剧脸谱到书法，还可以连接到卡拉ok应用，为用户提供娱乐。修饰后文名词user应用形容词性物主代词，指代上文product应用its。故填its。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些礼物包括艺术品、口罩、传统中国酒和糕点，都具有北京特色。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artworks, face masks, traditional Chinese liquor and cakes，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据后文and received可知应用一般过去时，主语为event，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was hosted。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。修饰后文名词symbols应用形容词cultural作定语，表示“文化符号”。故填cultural。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：他认为，在蓝牙麦克风上应用的本土元素促进了它的外观，北京的其他象征可以应用在首都更多的礼物上。上文its为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故应填名词appearance，表示“外观”。故填appearance。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：王说：“网上销售还有很大的空间，我们希望北京的礼物能成为中国和北京文化的名片。”结合句意表示“有……的空间”短语为There is room for…。故填for。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。card为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且calling为辅音音素开头的单词故用a。故填a。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was traveling by myself in Mumbai, India. I enjoyed the free of going anywhere as I liked. However, I was confused to seeing the many choices of restaurants. I could see French restaurants, Japanese restaurants, Mexican restaurants and so on. After trying aimless for a few days, I began to miss Chinese food and went into Chinese restaurant. To my surprising, I found crowds of people in it. I haven't expected Chinese food could be so popular in India. The food was not exactly like which I ate at home and it was familiar enough to be comforting. An Indian customer share one table with me told me Chinese food is so popular that even restaurants serving for Indian food will usually include a Chinese section on the menu. But when he said, "We don't even think it's Chinese. It's very familiar and comforting.” I couldn't help feeling shocked.
【答案】1.free→freedom
2.seeing→see
3.aimless→aimlessly
4. Chinese前面加a
5.surprising→surprise
6.haven’t→hadn’t
7.like→what
8. and→but
9.share→sharing
10.去掉介词for
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去孟买旅游的时候，走进了一家中国餐馆，意外发现中国菜很受欢迎。
【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：我享受去任何自己喜欢的地方的自由。分析可知free做的是enjoy的宾语，应该由名词而不是形容词充当其宾语，故将free改成freedom。
第二处：考查不定式。be confused to do sth为固定用法，意为“对做某事感到困惑”，故将seeing改成see。第三处：考查副词。修饰动词trying应该用副词，故将aimless改成aimlessly。
第四处：考查不定冠词。句意：漫无目的地逛了几天后，我开始想念中国菜，走进了一家中国餐馆。restaurant 是可数名词，根据句意，这里要表达的是“走进一家中国餐馆”，是泛指，故要用不定冠词。Chinese为辅音开头，要用a修饰。故在Chinese前加a。
第五处：考查名词。to+one’s+n 是一个固定结构，意为“让某人……的是”，故将surprising 改成surprise 。 第六处：考查时态。分析可知not expect 这个动作发生在作者走进一家中国餐馆之前，作者走进一家中国餐馆（went into a Chinese restaurant ）这个动作发生在过去，过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生的动作要用过去完成时，这里的haven't expected 为现在完成时，时态使用错误。所以将haven’t 改成hadn’t 。
第七处：考查宾语从句。句意：这里的食物和我在家里吃的不太一样。分析可知which I at eat home 做介词like 的宾语，是一个宾语从句，连接词在宾语从句中是ate 的宾语。which 在宾语从句中译为“哪一个”，不符合句意。根据句意，这里要表达的是“我在家里吃的”，应该用what 而不是which 引导这个宾语从句。故将which 改成what 。
第八处：考查连词。根据前文“ The food was not exactly like what I ate at home ”可知作者这家餐馆吃的东西跟在家吃的不是完全一样，根据后文“ it was familiar enough to be comforting.”可知食物的味道让作者感到熟悉，舒适。前后文是转折关系，应该用but 而不是and 连接前后文。故将and 改成but 。
第九处：考查非谓语。分析可知本句中told 做谓语，
share one table with me 是an Indian customer 的后置定语，也就是说动词share 在句中为非谓语。share 与逻辑主语 Indian customer 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用其现在分词形式，故将share 改成sharing 。
第十处：考查介词。serve 意为“（给……）提供；上（菜）”时是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，这里的介词for 是多余的，故将for 去掉。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你校英国留学生、你的
好友Jimmy 对中国茶文化很感兴趣，你认为利用周末带他到当地茶叶市场去了解不同种类的中国茶对他很有意义。请你给他写一封邮件将你的想法告诉他，并征求他的意见。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简单介绍茶叶市场；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】Dear Jimmy,
How are you doing? Knowing that you're a big fan of Chinese tea culture, I'm writing to discuss my idea with you.
I think it will be meaningful to take you to the local tea market to get a good knowledge of the various kinds of tea in China. I learned that English people drink black tea and green tea. However, things are very different in China. We have a much larger variety. I think the tea market is a great place to learn that and it also provides tea-tasting and tea culture-experiencing activities.
Do you think this is a good idea? If so, we can arrange a time on the weekend to have a great time there.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：一般现在时
结构：三段式。
第一段：提出写信目的；
第二段：介绍茶叶市场（去茶叶市场的意义）；
第三段：期盼相见。
要求：1.写信目的（discuss my idea with you）
2.介绍茶叶市场（be meaningful to take you to the local tea market）
第二步:列提纲（重点词组）
a big fan of, discuss with, be meaningful to, get a good knowledge of, tea culture-experiencing, have a great time,arrange,if so
第三步：连词成句
1.I'm writing to discuss my idea with you.
2. I think it will be meaningful to take you to the local tea market to get a good knowledge of the various kinds of tea in China.
3. I think the tea market is a great place to learn that and it also provides tea-tasting and tea culture-experiencing