大学英语四级翻译技巧及训练精品PPT课件
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——翻译技巧及训练
一、解题步骤
1. 确定句型
2. 确定时态
3. 确定修饰成分、组句
4. 审校
二、知识点
（一）、句子结构（句型）
1. 强调句型
2.
2. 虚拟语气（主从句时态的配合、从句动词 的形式）
Example：
1) His suggestion is that we go on a picnic this Sunday.
第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , eager , possible ,probable , preferable , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中 的that 引导的主语从句中
Example:
He has made up his mind not to
undertake this task.
(干嘛还要
跟他讨论呢？)
（为什么不换个人
？）
Why argue with him any more? Why not chanቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱe another one?
第四种：用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动 词过去式。
It is time (that) we went to bed .
咱们该睡觉了。
注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。
3. 从句（时态、连词）
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is.
There is no doubt ______(人们越来越重 视身体健康）。
People pay more and more attention to health.
4. why + 动词原形（indicate that an action is unnecessary or useless) + not do (to make a suggestion)
would have passed the exam.
(3). 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
如果明天下雨,你怎么办? If it should rain tomorrow , what
would you do ?
第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名 词从句中
account, under no circumstances, not until… _____ (他刚一到）when she started complaining.
Hardly had he arrived
Not until midnight did it stop raining.
（二） 、惯用搭配
1. only to (indicate that someone does something and meets with a disappointing or surprising result)
Eg. I got to the theatre,
却发现把票忘记在家中了)
(不料
only to find I left the ticket at home.
从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
类似用法的动词有：
insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain( 坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。
By the time he arrives in Beijing, ___(我 们就已在这里呆两天了）.
we will have stayed here for two days
4. 形式主语、形式宾 5. 倒装结构
Never, seldom, hardly, neither, nor, only+状语, in no case, by no means, on no
2) It is necessary that he write him a letter.
3) What do you think of his proposal that we put on a short play at the English evening?
[语法讲解]：“虚拟语气”
注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式： 第一种：由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子 (1). 与现在的事实相反：[If --- +
2. as far as sb. or sth. is concerned 就...而言
就我来说，这样的安排很好。
As far as I am concerned, this arrangement is quite satisfactory. 3. The more…the more…；more and more
were/did---, --- + would do---]
如果我是你,就会嫁给他。 If I were you , I would marry him.
(2). 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]
如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。 If you had worked hard , you
一、解题步骤
1. 确定句型
2. 确定时态
3. 确定修饰成分、组句
4. 审校
二、知识点
（一）、句子结构（句型）
1. 强调句型
2.
2. 虚拟语气（主从句时态的配合、从句动词 的形式）
Example：
1) His suggestion is that we go on a picnic this Sunday.
第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , eager , possible ,probable , preferable , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中 的that 引导的主语从句中
Example:
He has made up his mind not to
undertake this task.
(干嘛还要
跟他讨论呢？)
（为什么不换个人
？）
Why argue with him any more? Why not chanቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱe another one?
第四种：用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动 词过去式。
It is time (that) we went to bed .
咱们该睡觉了。
注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。
3. 从句（时态、连词）
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is.
There is no doubt ______(人们越来越重 视身体健康）。
People pay more and more attention to health.
4. why + 动词原形（indicate that an action is unnecessary or useless) + not do (to make a suggestion)
would have passed the exam.
(3). 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
如果明天下雨,你怎么办? If it should rain tomorrow , what
would you do ?
第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名 词从句中
account, under no circumstances, not until… _____ (他刚一到）when she started complaining.
Hardly had he arrived
Not until midnight did it stop raining.
（二） 、惯用搭配
1. only to (indicate that someone does something and meets with a disappointing or surprising result)
Eg. I got to the theatre,
却发现把票忘记在家中了)
(不料
only to find I left the ticket at home.
从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
类似用法的动词有：
insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain( 坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。
By the time he arrives in Beijing, ___(我 们就已在这里呆两天了）.
we will have stayed here for two days
4. 形式主语、形式宾 5. 倒装结构
Never, seldom, hardly, neither, nor, only+状语, in no case, by no means, on no
2) It is necessary that he write him a letter.
3) What do you think of his proposal that we put on a short play at the English evening?
[语法讲解]：“虚拟语气”
注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式： 第一种：由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子 (1). 与现在的事实相反：[If --- +
2. as far as sb. or sth. is concerned 就...而言
就我来说，这样的安排很好。
As far as I am concerned, this arrangement is quite satisfactory. 3. The more…the more…；more and more
were/did---, --- + would do---]
如果我是你,就会嫁给他。 If I were you , I would marry him.
(2). 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]
如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。 If you had worked hard , you