实用英语语法教程-第十二章-介词讲课教案
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All of the students went to the party except Julia. 除了朱莉娅外,所有学生都参加了聚会。
None but children have believed the story. 只有小孩子才相信这个故事。 Apart from her prettiness,she was honest and
3.9 表示结果的介词
表示结果的介词较少,主要是:in,into,out of 等。例如:
The battle ended in a victory. 战斗最终胜利了。 All her efforts culminated in failure. 她所有的努
力都以失败告终。
The saplings have grown into big trees. 幼苗已经长成了大树。
Our university is at 122 Ninghai Road. 我们大学在宁 海路122号。
help the blind man across the street 帮助盲人过街
The sun sunk below the horizon. 太阳落到地平线以 下了。
3.3 表示原因、理由、动机的介词
In my opinion,the price is too high. 依我的看法, 价格太高了。
When reading a passage , we should judge its meaning with reference to the context.
在阅读文章的时候,我们应该根据上下文来判断其意思。
She soon flattered the old man out of anger. 她很快就把老人奉承得消了气。
3.10 表示“价格”、“比率”、“标准”、“速 度”的介词
常用的此类介词有:at,by和for三个。例如: Technological innovations are being made at
新闻。 Never judge by appearance. 〈谚〉不要以外貌取
人。 A life without books is like a life without
sunlight. 生活中若没有书籍就如同没有阳光。
3.6 表示“除外”、“附加”的介词
常用的此类介词有:except,except for,with the exception of,excepting,other than,save, saving,besides,beyond,but,apart from, aside from,in addition to等。例如:
My nephew works in a company. 【名词短语】 我侄子在一家公司工作。 I find a true friend in him. 【代词】 我发现他是个真正的朋友。
I’m looking forward to knowing more about American culture.【动名词短语】
He made a beautiful doll for his daughter. 他为 女儿做了个漂亮的布娃娃。
for the sake of safety 为了安全起见 with a view to fostering team spirit 为了培养团
队精神
work to a common end 为了共同的目标而工作
I rarely talk with him except on business occasions.【介词 短语】
除了办公事以外,我很少和他交谈。
He is particularly interested in what to do next.【疑问词+ 不定式】
他对下一步该做什么特别感兴趣。
2.2 介词短语的句法Hale Waihona Puke Baidu能
faster and faster rate. 技术革新的速度越来越快。 You bought the bag at a high price. 你买的这个
包太贵了。 They rent the car by the hour. 他们按小时出租车
子。 Eggs are sold by the dozen. 鸡蛋按打出售。 a cheque for US$500一张500美元的支票
介词短语在句子中可作状语、定语、表语、宾语 (或主语)补足语等成分。
(1)充当状语。介词短语作状语最为多见。例如: In accordance with the rule,they have to pay an
additional tax. 按规定,他们得交纳一笔附加税。 In terms of money,he is quite rich,but not in
民有、民治、民享政府永远不会从地球上消失。
(3)充当表语。例如: This question is under discussion. 这个问题正在讨论
中。
He was out of breath when he reached the station. 他到达车站时已是上气不接下气了。 (4)充当宾语(或主语)的补足语。例如: We found him in great trouble.【宾补】 我们发现他的麻烦很大。 He was often seen at his office at midnight. 【主补】 人们常常看见深夜他还在办公。
kind. 她除了人长得很美,还很诚实,心地善良。
3.7 表示让步的介词
常用的此类介词有:despite,in spite of, notwithstanding,regardless of,for (all), with (all),after (all)等。例如:
In spite of some difficulties,this project proceeded smoothly.
for lack of sleep 由于睡眠不足 out of curiosity 出 于好奇
die of hunger 饿死 die from overwork 劳累而死 be wild with joy 欣喜若狂 quarrel over sth. 由于某
事争吵
3.4 表示目的的介词
常用的此类介词有:for,to,for the purpose of , for the sake of , on/in behalf of , in honour of,in memory of,with a view to等。 例如:
3.8 表示“依据”、“关于”、“至于”的介词
常用的此类介词有:according to,by,from,in, about,on,of,over,as for,as to,as regards, with reference to,with regard to,with relation to , with respect to , concerning , regarding , respecting,touching等。例如:
(2)复合介词:指由两个介词组成的介词。例 如:inside,into,onto,out of,outside, throughout,upon,within,without
2 介词短语的构成及其句法功能
2.1 介词短语的构成
介词短语由介词加宾语构成。介词宾语可以是名词、名 词短语、代词、动名词、名词性从句、某些短语中的形 容词或副词、介词短语、疑问词+不等式结构等。例如:
常用的此类介词有:at,for,from,of,because of,by reason of,as a result of,by/in virtue of, due to,on account of,owing to,over,out of, thanks to,with等。例如:
We all marveled at the extent of your knowledge. 我们都对您知识的渊博感到惊异。
The building at the end of the street is a hotel. 在这条街道尽头的那座大楼是一家旅店。
The government of the people,by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth.
terms of happiness. 就钱而言,他很富有,但是说到幸福就不是这样了。 Unlike most actors,Harris is a rather shy man. 与大部分演员不同,哈里斯是个相当害羞的人。
(2)充当定语。介词短语作定语通常为后置定语。 例如:
He is a man of wealth.他是个富有的人。
我期待着对美国文化有更多了解。
They had failed in what they set out to do.【名词性从句】 他们没能做到原来要做的事。
The matter is going from bad to worse.【形容词】 这件事情变得越来越糟。
She lives far from here. 【副词】 她住的地方离这儿很远。
他在10年间从公司盗走了100万英镑。
3.2 表示地点的介词
常用的此类介词有:above,across,along, amid(st),among,at,behind,before, beneath,beside,between,beyond,by, down,from,in,inside,on,opposite,outside, over,past,through,to,toward(s),under, up,in front of,on top of,up to等。例如:
3 介词的意义和用法
3.1 表示时间的介词
常用的此类介词有:about,after,at,before,between, by,during,over,for,from,in,on,through, throughout,till/until,since等。例如:
at dawn拂晓at the age of twenty20岁时 at the end of the year在年底during the summer
3.5 表示方式、方法的介词
常用的此类介词有:as,according to,by,in, like,by means of,on,through,over, with,without,via等。例如:
talk with sb. in French 用法语和某人交谈 hear the news on/over the radio 通过收音机收听
vacation暑假期间 He studies through the night to pass the exam.他为了
考试而通宵学习。
Throughout the meeting,she remained silent. 整个会 议上,她一言不发。
Over a period of ten years he stole a million pounds from the company.
第十二章介词
1. 介词的分类 2. 介词短语的构成及其句法功能 3. 若干介词的意义和用法 4. 介词与其他词类的搭配 5. 介词的省略 6. 介词的其他问题
1 介词的分类
英语介词就其形式而言,一般可以分为四类:
(1)简单介词:指由一个单词构成的介词。例 如:about,above,after,along,among, as,at,before,behind,below,beside
虽然有一些困难,但这项计划进展顺利。 With all his achievements,he remains modest
and prudent. 他虽然有很多成就,但仍然谦虚谨慎。 After all the efforts,he lost the competition. 他虽然努力了,但仍然在竞争中失败了。
None but children have believed the story. 只有小孩子才相信这个故事。 Apart from her prettiness,she was honest and
3.9 表示结果的介词
表示结果的介词较少,主要是:in,into,out of 等。例如:
The battle ended in a victory. 战斗最终胜利了。 All her efforts culminated in failure. 她所有的努
力都以失败告终。
The saplings have grown into big trees. 幼苗已经长成了大树。
Our university is at 122 Ninghai Road. 我们大学在宁 海路122号。
help the blind man across the street 帮助盲人过街
The sun sunk below the horizon. 太阳落到地平线以 下了。
3.3 表示原因、理由、动机的介词
In my opinion,the price is too high. 依我的看法, 价格太高了。
When reading a passage , we should judge its meaning with reference to the context.
在阅读文章的时候,我们应该根据上下文来判断其意思。
She soon flattered the old man out of anger. 她很快就把老人奉承得消了气。
3.10 表示“价格”、“比率”、“标准”、“速 度”的介词
常用的此类介词有:at,by和for三个。例如: Technological innovations are being made at
新闻。 Never judge by appearance. 〈谚〉不要以外貌取
人。 A life without books is like a life without
sunlight. 生活中若没有书籍就如同没有阳光。
3.6 表示“除外”、“附加”的介词
常用的此类介词有:except,except for,with the exception of,excepting,other than,save, saving,besides,beyond,but,apart from, aside from,in addition to等。例如:
My nephew works in a company. 【名词短语】 我侄子在一家公司工作。 I find a true friend in him. 【代词】 我发现他是个真正的朋友。
I’m looking forward to knowing more about American culture.【动名词短语】
He made a beautiful doll for his daughter. 他为 女儿做了个漂亮的布娃娃。
for the sake of safety 为了安全起见 with a view to fostering team spirit 为了培养团
队精神
work to a common end 为了共同的目标而工作
I rarely talk with him except on business occasions.【介词 短语】
除了办公事以外,我很少和他交谈。
He is particularly interested in what to do next.【疑问词+ 不定式】
他对下一步该做什么特别感兴趣。
2.2 介词短语的句法Hale Waihona Puke Baidu能
faster and faster rate. 技术革新的速度越来越快。 You bought the bag at a high price. 你买的这个
包太贵了。 They rent the car by the hour. 他们按小时出租车
子。 Eggs are sold by the dozen. 鸡蛋按打出售。 a cheque for US$500一张500美元的支票
介词短语在句子中可作状语、定语、表语、宾语 (或主语)补足语等成分。
(1)充当状语。介词短语作状语最为多见。例如: In accordance with the rule,they have to pay an
additional tax. 按规定,他们得交纳一笔附加税。 In terms of money,he is quite rich,but not in
民有、民治、民享政府永远不会从地球上消失。
(3)充当表语。例如: This question is under discussion. 这个问题正在讨论
中。
He was out of breath when he reached the station. 他到达车站时已是上气不接下气了。 (4)充当宾语(或主语)的补足语。例如: We found him in great trouble.【宾补】 我们发现他的麻烦很大。 He was often seen at his office at midnight. 【主补】 人们常常看见深夜他还在办公。
kind. 她除了人长得很美,还很诚实,心地善良。
3.7 表示让步的介词
常用的此类介词有:despite,in spite of, notwithstanding,regardless of,for (all), with (all),after (all)等。例如:
In spite of some difficulties,this project proceeded smoothly.
for lack of sleep 由于睡眠不足 out of curiosity 出 于好奇
die of hunger 饿死 die from overwork 劳累而死 be wild with joy 欣喜若狂 quarrel over sth. 由于某
事争吵
3.4 表示目的的介词
常用的此类介词有:for,to,for the purpose of , for the sake of , on/in behalf of , in honour of,in memory of,with a view to等。 例如:
3.8 表示“依据”、“关于”、“至于”的介词
常用的此类介词有:according to,by,from,in, about,on,of,over,as for,as to,as regards, with reference to,with regard to,with relation to , with respect to , concerning , regarding , respecting,touching等。例如:
(2)复合介词:指由两个介词组成的介词。例 如:inside,into,onto,out of,outside, throughout,upon,within,without
2 介词短语的构成及其句法功能
2.1 介词短语的构成
介词短语由介词加宾语构成。介词宾语可以是名词、名 词短语、代词、动名词、名词性从句、某些短语中的形 容词或副词、介词短语、疑问词+不等式结构等。例如:
常用的此类介词有:at,for,from,of,because of,by reason of,as a result of,by/in virtue of, due to,on account of,owing to,over,out of, thanks to,with等。例如:
We all marveled at the extent of your knowledge. 我们都对您知识的渊博感到惊异。
The building at the end of the street is a hotel. 在这条街道尽头的那座大楼是一家旅店。
The government of the people,by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth.
terms of happiness. 就钱而言,他很富有,但是说到幸福就不是这样了。 Unlike most actors,Harris is a rather shy man. 与大部分演员不同,哈里斯是个相当害羞的人。
(2)充当定语。介词短语作定语通常为后置定语。 例如:
He is a man of wealth.他是个富有的人。
我期待着对美国文化有更多了解。
They had failed in what they set out to do.【名词性从句】 他们没能做到原来要做的事。
The matter is going from bad to worse.【形容词】 这件事情变得越来越糟。
She lives far from here. 【副词】 她住的地方离这儿很远。
他在10年间从公司盗走了100万英镑。
3.2 表示地点的介词
常用的此类介词有:above,across,along, amid(st),among,at,behind,before, beneath,beside,between,beyond,by, down,from,in,inside,on,opposite,outside, over,past,through,to,toward(s),under, up,in front of,on top of,up to等。例如:
3 介词的意义和用法
3.1 表示时间的介词
常用的此类介词有:about,after,at,before,between, by,during,over,for,from,in,on,through, throughout,till/until,since等。例如:
at dawn拂晓at the age of twenty20岁时 at the end of the year在年底during the summer
3.5 表示方式、方法的介词
常用的此类介词有:as,according to,by,in, like,by means of,on,through,over, with,without,via等。例如:
talk with sb. in French 用法语和某人交谈 hear the news on/over the radio 通过收音机收听
vacation暑假期间 He studies through the night to pass the exam.他为了
考试而通宵学习。
Throughout the meeting,she remained silent. 整个会 议上,她一言不发。
Over a period of ten years he stole a million pounds from the company.
第十二章介词
1. 介词的分类 2. 介词短语的构成及其句法功能 3. 若干介词的意义和用法 4. 介词与其他词类的搭配 5. 介词的省略 6. 介词的其他问题
1 介词的分类
英语介词就其形式而言,一般可以分为四类:
(1)简单介词:指由一个单词构成的介词。例 如:about,above,after,along,among, as,at,before,behind,below,beside
虽然有一些困难,但这项计划进展顺利。 With all his achievements,he remains modest
and prudent. 他虽然有很多成就,但仍然谦虚谨慎。 After all the efforts,he lost the competition. 他虽然努力了,但仍然在竞争中失败了。