英语主动语态和被动语态总复习
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（强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现）
被动语态的用法:
1.强调动作的承受者;
如:Table tennis is played all over China. English is spoken by many people.
2.不需要指出动作的执行者或动作的执 行者难以说出或不必说出.
如:Another bridge has been built across the Changjiang River. The Party was founded on July 6,1924. A note was passed up to the speaker.
The Structure is
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词
(be+P.P.)
He is regarded as a brilliant. 他Th一被is般认b现o为在o很k时w有：a才asm气wr/。iitste/nairne 1d9o6n9e. 这T一h本e般书b过r是o去k1时e9n：69bw年ika写esi成s/ wb的ee。rinegdroenpeaired now. 那H现过e辆在去t坏o进 进l了d行 行u时 时的s： ：自th行awema车csa/正t/isw在/eaa被srreeb修bebe理ienini。gnggwdadosonhneeed when w现e在c完al成le时d ：himha. ve / has been done 他过Th告去e完诉p成e我n时们h：a打sh电abde话eb时neue他ns正eddo在fno给er 猫se洗ve澡ra。l years.
We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
Workers have built the house since two years ago. The house has been built since two years ago.
七嘴八舌
(变被动语态）
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives__a_re__ _u_s_e_d__ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
Many students study English.(主动语态)
English is studied by many students.(被动语态)
When to use it?
1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必 要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The dictionary is well kept. 这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的) 。 2. 当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是动作的 执行者。
These book were found in the 1920s. 这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。
一这般支将钢来笔时已：经s用ha了ll 几/ w年ill。be done ; be going to说当b这句e中家d含o工n有e厂情已态经动开词张时，。句H子e s结a构id为thcean / must / fhaacvteortyo…habdebdeoenneopened . 他
The baby must be looked after well. The这w孩o子rk必w须ill被be好fi好ni照sh顾ed。in three hours. 工作将于三小时后完成。
被动语态的结构：
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词” 构成，助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规 则与be作为连系动词时一样。 如: The desk is made of wood.
The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher.
They make shoes in that factory.
are Shoes
made by them.
were
Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.
Tom broke the windows.
The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.
They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought . “They must be put in the fridge.”The dogs thought.
We had received many letters by the end of last week. Many letters had been received by the end of last week
They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day.
Our homework has to be finished (by us) on time .
He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.
The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.
We call the snowman Mr Strong. The snowman is called Mr Strong.
I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.
典型题例
例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day.
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
在改写中应注意：
He bought his friend some fruits yesterday.
His friend was bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought for his friend yesterday
4．Aby can take good care of Tina ．
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
They are holding a sports meeting now. A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.
情态动词的被动语态：
must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词
8. You must throw the broken pottery
away at once.
The broken pottery must be thrown away (by you) at once.
9. We have to finish our homework on time.
What is the Passive Voice?
What is it?
英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
6. We will write a diary next class.
A diary will be written (by us) next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.
A birthday party is going to held by Tom
3.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
They are going to have an evening party tomorrow. An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.
一般现在时的被动语态：
am/are/is + 过去分词
1. People play footballis played all over the world by people .
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
We are taught (by Mr. Green) this term.
一般过去时的被动语态：
was/were + 过去分词
4. People built the Great Wall long ago.
The Great Wall was built (by people) long ago.
Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
He can carry the basket easily. The basket can be easily carried by him.
The tree was planted by us.
We speak
主语
谓语
English.
宾语
主动语态
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态
当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态 （Active Voice）；如果主语是动作的承受者， 动词便用被动语态（Passive Voice）。
We usually hear him play in the next room.
He is usually heard to play in the next room.
2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
5. Two years ago we used the machines
to make shoes for children.
Two years ago those machines were used (by us) to make shoes for children.
一般将来时的被动语态： will / be going to + be + 过去分词
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
主变被解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语.
被动语态的用法:
1.强调动作的承受者;
如:Table tennis is played all over China. English is spoken by many people.
2.不需要指出动作的执行者或动作的执 行者难以说出或不必说出.
如:Another bridge has been built across the Changjiang River. The Party was founded on July 6,1924. A note was passed up to the speaker.
The Structure is
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词
(be+P.P.)
He is regarded as a brilliant. 他Th一被is般认b现o为在o很k时w有：a才asm气wr/。iitste/nairne 1d9o6n9e. 这T一h本e般书b过r是o去k1时e9n：69bw年ika写esi成s/ wb的ee。rinegdroenpeaired now. 那H现过e辆在去t坏o进 进l了d行 行u时 时的s： ：自th行awema车csa/正t/isw在/eaa被srreeb修bebe理ienini。gnggwdadosonhneeed when w现e在c完al成le时d ：himha. ve / has been done 他过Th告去e完诉p成e我n时们h：a打sh电abde话eb时neue他ns正eddo在fno给er 猫se洗ve澡ra。l years.
We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
Workers have built the house since two years ago. The house has been built since two years ago.
七嘴八舌
(变被动语态）
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives__a_re__ _u_s_e_d__ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
Many students study English.(主动语态)
English is studied by many students.(被动语态)
When to use it?
1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必 要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The dictionary is well kept. 这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的) 。 2. 当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是动作的 执行者。
These book were found in the 1920s. 这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。
一这般支将钢来笔时已：经s用ha了ll 几/ w年ill。be done ; be going to说当b这句e中家d含o工n有e厂情已态经动开词张时，。句H子e s结a构id为thcean / must / fhaacvteortyo…habdebdeoenneopened . 他
The baby must be looked after well. The这w孩o子rk必w须ill被be好fi好ni照sh顾ed。in three hours. 工作将于三小时后完成。
被动语态的结构：
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词” 构成，助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规 则与be作为连系动词时一样。 如: The desk is made of wood.
The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher.
They make shoes in that factory.
are Shoes
made by them.
were
Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.
Tom broke the windows.
The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.
They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought . “They must be put in the fridge.”The dogs thought.
We had received many letters by the end of last week. Many letters had been received by the end of last week
They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day.
Our homework has to be finished (by us) on time .
He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.
The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.
We call the snowman Mr Strong. The snowman is called Mr Strong.
I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.
典型题例
例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day.
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
在改写中应注意：
He bought his friend some fruits yesterday.
His friend was bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought for his friend yesterday
4．Aby can take good care of Tina ．
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
They are holding a sports meeting now. A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.
情态动词的被动语态：
must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词
8. You must throw the broken pottery
away at once.
The broken pottery must be thrown away (by you) at once.
9. We have to finish our homework on time.
What is the Passive Voice?
What is it?
英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
6. We will write a diary next class.
A diary will be written (by us) next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.
A birthday party is going to held by Tom
3.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
They are going to have an evening party tomorrow. An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.
一般现在时的被动语态：
am/are/is + 过去分词
1. People play footballis played all over the world by people .
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
We are taught (by Mr. Green) this term.
一般过去时的被动语态：
was/were + 过去分词
4. People built the Great Wall long ago.
The Great Wall was built (by people) long ago.
Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
He can carry the basket easily. The basket can be easily carried by him.
The tree was planted by us.
We speak
主语
谓语
English.
宾语
主动语态
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态
当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态 （Active Voice）；如果主语是动作的承受者， 动词便用被动语态（Passive Voice）。
We usually hear him play in the next room.
He is usually heard to play in the next room.
2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
5. Two years ago we used the machines
to make shoes for children.
Two years ago those machines were used (by us) to make shoes for children.
一般将来时的被动语态： will / be going to + be + 过去分词
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
主变被解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语.