英汉礼貌用语比较

Contens

摘要 (1)

Abstract (2)

1 Introduction (3)

1.1 Origins of Politeness (3)

1.1.1 Origins of Politeness in English (3)

1.1.2 Origins of Politeness in Chinese (4)

1.2 The Definition of Polite Language (5)

1.3 Significances of the paper (5)

2 The Comparison of Polite Language in English and Chinese (5)

2.1 Comparisons in Norms (6)

2.1.1 Norms of Politeness in English (6)

2.1.2 Norms of Politeness in Chinese (8)

2.2 Comparison in Cultures (9)

2.3 Comparisons in Pragmatics (9)

2.3.1 The Comparison in Addressing (9)

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2.3.2 The Comparison in Acknowledgement (11)

2.3.3 The Comparison in apology (11)

2.3.4 The Comparison in Euphemism (12)

2.3.5 The Comparison in Taboo (13)

2.3.6 The Comparison in Greetings (14)

3 Conclusion and Implication (15)

Bibliography (17)

Acknowledgement (18)

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英汉礼貌用语比较

摘要

众所周知，英汉语言里面存在不同的礼貌用语，它们是人类社会文明的标志，因而理解英汉的礼貌用语是非常有必要的。本文较系统地介绍了英汉礼貌用语及其起源，并且从准则，文化，语用学三个方面详细比较了英汉礼貌用语差异。我们在与母语是英语的人交流时，应该注意他们的礼貌用语特点，运用这些特点来进行轻松愉快的交流，尽最大的努力去避免出现使用礼貌用语不当的情况来使交流和谐友好地进行下去。

关键词：礼貌用语；准则；语用学；交流

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The Comparison of Polite Language

in English and Chinese

Abstract

As everybody can see, there are different polite languages in English and Chinese, which symbolizes the civilization of human society. It is necessary to comprehend the polite languages in English and Chinese. This article introduces the polite languages in English and Chinese as well as their origins systematically, comparing the principles, cultures, and pragmatics of polite language in both of them. When we communicate with native English speakers, special attention to the properties of the polite languages in English needs to be paid. We should apply these properties to practical communication, to arrive at an easy and happy intercourse. In order to get a harmonious and friendly progressing of communication, we need to try best to avoid the emergence of improper use of polite languages.

Key words: polite language, principle, pragmatics, communication.

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The Comparison of Polite Language

in English and Chinese

1 Introduction

Because of cultural obstacle, we may frequently find that people misunderstand information each other, even hurt the other side in intercultural communication. Sometimes, kind words will make people feel embarrassed, courteous manners will be misunderstood as absurd and vulgar behaviors. Therefore, studying polite languages is essential. This part will talk about origins of politeness in English and in Chinese, the definition of politeness and the significance of the paper for the purpose to make the readers have a clear understanding of politeness in different languages and to improve people’s awareness of politeness.

1.1 Origins of Politeness

This part will focus on the origins of politeness in English and in Chinese to help the readers generally comprehend the origins of politeness in different languages.

1.1.1 Origins of Politeness in English

In English, the production and the development of the concept of politeness have seen a continual change. In English, politeness was connected with the court and the city at the early time. From the perspective of etymology, politeness is derived from polite, and polite was from the Latin word, politus, which means to smooth ,to polish.(Klein Ernest, 1966, p1210)[10]In some sense, being polite is polishing the person’s behavior to make the person more acceptable, or to show the respect. During the time between 1150 and 1500, any young man who sought to earn his living as a

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