4 大规模风电场接入对电力系统调峰的影响

第34卷第1期电网技术V ol. 34 No. 1 2010年1月Power System Technology Jan. 2010 文章编号：1000-3673（2010）01-0152-07 中图分类号：TM 734；F 123.9 文献标志码：A 学科代码：470·4051

大规模风电场接入对电力系统调峰的影响

张宁1，周天睿1，段长刚2，唐晓军2，黄建军2，卢湛2，康重庆1（1．电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系)，北京市海淀区 100084；2．甘肃省电力交易中心，甘肃省兰州市 733050）

Impact of Large-Scale Wind Farm Connecting With Power Grid on

Peak Load Regulation Demand

ZHANG Ning1, ZHOU Tian-rui1, DUAN Chang-gang2, TANG Xiao-jun2, HUANG Jian-jun2,

LU Zhan2, KANG Chong-qing1

(1. State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment

(Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University), Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China;

2. Gansu Provincial Electricity Trading Center, Lanzhou 733050, Gansu Province, China)

ABSTRACT: At present large-scale wind farms are being constructed in China at a fast pace and they will be connected with power grids, it makes the peak load regulation of power grid becoming one of new puzzles in the operation of power grid containing wind farms. Considering the random nature of wind power output and complicated and changeable operation modes of wind farm, by means of simulating annual chronological load time series and chronological time series of wind power output in the planned year, the impacts of large-scale wind farm on power system peak load regulation are analyzed in a new viewpoint. The impacting mechanism of wind power output on difference between peak load and valley load of power grid is analyzed, by way of leading in a new evaluation index system the variation of peak-to-valley difference of equivalent load of power grid with large scale wind farm connected and its distribution are researched in detail. The influencing laws of large-scale wind farm on system peak load regulation under various outward power transmission modes and coordinative system peak load regulation modes are further analyzed. Selecting the wind farm base located in Jiuquan, Gansu province as the object, the wind power planning and the dispatching and operation of Gansu power grid are analyzed and demonstrated, and based on the analysis results some suggestions of generation expansion planning and operation mode for Gansu power grid are proposed.

KEY WORDS: wind power generation; peak regulation; chronological load time series; chronological time series of wind power output; difference between peak load and valley load

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50877041)；新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-07-0484)。

Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(50877041); Project Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-07-0484).摘要：大规模风电基地的快速建设，使系统调峰成为电网运行的新难题之一。针对风电出力随机性强、运行方式复杂多变的特点，通过对规划年份时序负荷曲线与风电出力时序曲线的模拟，从一个新的角度分析了大规模风电对系统调峰的影响。还讨论了风电出力对系统峰谷差的影响机理，并引入评价指标体系，深入研究了大规模风电基地接入后系统等效负荷峰谷差的变化及分布规律。进一步分析了在各种外送模式以及系统调峰协调方式下，大规模风电基地对系统调峰的影响规律。以我国甘肃酒泉风电基地为对象进行分析和论证，并根据分析结果对甘肃电源规划与调度运行方式提出了建议。

关键词：风力发电；调峰；时序负荷曲线；风电出力时序曲线；负荷谷峰差

0 引言

在我国，风电装机容量正快速发展。作为可再生能源的主要组成部分，风电成为改善我国电源结构的重要环节，是我国能源发展战略的重要组成部分。国家能源局分别在内蒙古、甘肃、新疆、河北和江苏等风能资源丰富的地区规划了多个千万kW 级风电基地，确立了我国风电大规模、集中式的发展道路。

风电的大规模接入将会为电网调度带来巨大困难。在研究风电接入对电力调度运行的影响时，国内外文献均一致认为，风电不可控的波动性是其对电力系统调度运行的主要影响因素之一[1-8]，将会对系统调度运行产生重大影响，系统拥有足够灵活的可调节容量是系统接纳风电的先决条件之一[9-11]。更深入的研究表明，大规模风电接入后，系统秒至分