微小剂量阿司匹林对正常小鼠及高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸的影响

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微小剂量阿司匹林对正常小鼠及高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸的影响

张海英1 卓来东2李玉珍1

(1.北京大学人民医院药剂科,北京 100044 2.北京大学药学院,北京 100083)

摘要:目的考察微小剂量阿司匹林对正常小鼠和高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸、肌酐、尿素氮的影响。方法 120只小鼠,随机分为8组,分别为正常对照组、高尿酸血症模型对照组、正常给药组(3组)和高尿酸血症模型给药组(3组)。2组对照组分别给予0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠溶液,给药组按照12.5mg/kg、25mg/kg、50mg/kg的给药剂量分别给予阿司匹林溶液,每天1次,持续一周。一周后,正常阿司匹林给药组在灌胃结束1小时后取血,正常对照组立即腹腔注射0.5%CMC-Na,高尿酸对照组和阿司匹林实验组则腹腔注射尿酸溶液,并于注射后1小时取血样测定尿酸、肌酐和尿素氮。结果微小剂量阿司匹林对正常和高尿酸血症模型小鼠的肌酐、尿素氮影响不明显,但可显著升高血尿酸水平,在给药剂量为12.5mg/kg 时,升高比率最大。随给药剂量增加,血尿酸水平逐渐回落至基线,与对照组相比无显著性差异。结论微小剂量阿司匹林可导正常小鼠和致高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸水平升高,且随给药剂量增加,这种影响减小。患者特别是痛风和高尿酸血症患者在应用微小剂量阿司匹林时应注意监测血尿酸浓度。

关键词:阿司匹林;高尿酸血症模型;血尿酸;肌酐;尿素氮

The effect of mini-dose aspirin on uric acid in normal mice

and hyperuricemia model mice

ZHANG Hai-ying, LI Yu-zhen

(Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China) ZHUO Lai-dong (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10083, China)

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of mini-dosages of aspirin on blood uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogen in normal mice hyperuricemia model mice. METHODS 120 mice were randomized into 8 groups, consists of normal controlled group, hyperuricemia controlled group, normal experimental group (3 groups) and hyperuricemia experimental group (3 groups) . normal and hyperuricemia controlled groups were administrated 0.5% CMC-Na, normal and hyperuricmia experimental groups were administered aspirin as follow: 12.5mg/kg/d, 25mg/kg/d, 50mg/kg/d. The dosage of CMC-Na and aspirin keep a week. Then normal experimental groups blood was collected 1 hour later after the last administration for determination uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogen. And normal controlled group received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.5%CMC-Na immediately after the last administration, at the same time hyperuricemia control group and three experimental groups treated with intraperitoneal

injection of uric solution. One hour later, the blood was collected for determination uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogen. RESULT Mini-dosage has no apparent effect on creatinine and urea nitrogen, but can increase remarkably the level of blood uric acid. At the lowest dosage of 12.5mg/kg/d,the level of blood uric acid raised to the peak. The effect on blood uric acid were gradually reduced to baseline with increasing dosage of aspirin, and the T test showed no statistically significant difference between aspirin group and controlled group. CONCLUSION Mini-dose aspirin can cause significant increase in blood uric acid level in hyperuricemia model mice, and this effect were decreased with increasing dosage of aspirin. Patients, especially patient with gout and hyperuricemia need to monitor the level of blood uric acid reugular.

KEY WORDs: Aspirin; hyperuricemia model;blood uric acid; creatinine; urea nitrogen

阿司匹林在临床上广泛应用,比如在美国,据估计阿司匹林每年的消耗总量高达1-2万吨,由于阿司匹林是一种不需要医生处方就能购买的药物,因此许多健康人群也在购买和使用阿司匹林【1】。

阿司匹林对尿酸代谢具有双重作用,Yu等人在1959年和1963年进行的经典研究表明,阿司匹林在大剂量时(≥3g/d)具有促进尿酸排泄的作用,而小剂量(1-2g/d)则引起尿酸潴留【2】【3】。阿司匹林发挥抗血小板作用的剂量一般为75-325mg/d,这一剂量我们称之为微小剂量(<0.5mg/d)。目前临床上主要应用的就是微小剂量阿司匹林,比如用于房颤患者的脑梗死事件、颈动脉狭窄患者脑梗死事件等的一级或二级预防。

而有关微小剂量阿司匹林是否会对尿酸代谢产生这种双重影响的文献报道较少。Capsi 等人【1】前瞻性研究了微小剂量阿司匹林对老年人尿酸代谢的影响,结果显示,75mg/d的给药剂量可使血尿酸水平明显升高,而随给药剂量增加到150mg/d和325mg/d时,血尿酸浓度则逐渐下降,接近基线水平。

我国现处于老龄化社会,老年人经常同时患有多种疾病,比如痛风患者同时患有腔梗,或是房颤患者同时又有高尿酸血症。这些患者需要长期服用微小剂量的阿司匹林,此时阿司匹林对血尿酸的影响不得而知。

本研究的目的是通过动物试验明确微小剂量阿司匹林对正常小鼠及高尿酸血症模型小鼠血尿酸代谢的影响,以期为临床患者特别是高尿酸血症患者、痛风患者等选择药物提供一定的理论依据。

1 实验材料

1.1药品及试剂

拜阿司匹林(100mg/片,批号:BTA5NH1,拜尔公司),尿酸(纯度99%,British Alfa Aesar,批号:A13346),EDTA-Na2(分析纯,北京沃德赛斯生物技术公司),羧甲基纤维素钠(分析纯,中国医药上海化学试剂站)。

1.2动物

昆明种小鼠,雄性,体重18-22g,动物合格证号为SCXK(京)2006-0008(北京大学医学部实验动物部)。

1.3仪器

T-00型电子天平(上海安亭科学仪器厂), 80-2B型台式离心机(上海安亭科学仪器厂),超声波清洗机(北京大学医学部仪器厂),7170A全自动生化分析仪(HITACHI)。

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