闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术 治疗 …
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闭合复位组:本组男 12 例,女 6 例;年龄 6 ~ 13 岁, 平均 9.0 岁。左侧 6 例,右侧 12 例。伤后至手术时间 为 8 ~ 48 h,平均 14.4 h。切开复位组:本组男 10 例, 女 3 例;年龄 6 ~ 13 岁,平均 8.8 岁。左侧 4 例,右侧 9 例。伤后至手术时间为 4 ~ 29 h,平均 11.4 h。
两组患儿性别、年龄、病程、骨折分型等一般资料 比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。 1.3 手术方法
闭合复位组:全麻后,患儿取平卧位。首先于 X 线 透视下用 1 枚克氏针经皮撬拨,使骨折部分复位,纠正
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze and compare the effectiveness of the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixations in the treatment of O’Brien type III radial neck fractures in children. Methods Between November 2007 and November 2010, 31 children with O’Brien type III radial neck fractures were treated by the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing fixation (closed reduction group, n=18) and by the open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation (open reduction group, n=13). There was no significant difference in age, gender, disease duration, and fracture classification between 2 groups (P > 0.05). Results The incisions of 2 groups healed primarily. All the patients were followed up 1-2 years (mean, 1.5 years). Limitation of the elbow extension occurred in 2 cases of the closed reduction group, limitations of the elbow extension, flexion, and forearm pronation in 6 cases of the open reduction group. There was no significant difference in elbow flexion, extension, pronation, and supination between affected side and normal side in the closed reduction group (P > 0.05). Except in supination (P > 0.05), there were significant differences in flexion, extension, and pronation between affected side and normal side in the open reduction group (P < 0.05). According to Metaizeau’s grading criterion, excellent results were achieved in 16 cases and good in 2 cases in the closed reduction group; excellent results were achieved in 4 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 3 cases, and poor in 2 case in the open reduction group; and there was significant difference between 2 groups (Z=3.435, P=0.001). The X-ray films showed anatomical reduction in 2 groups before removal of internal fixation; redisplacement occurred in 4 cases after removal of internal fixation in the open reduction group, no redisplacement occurred in the closed reduction group. There was no avascular necrosis of radial head and epi physes during follow-up. Conclusion Comparison with the open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation, the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing fixation is a reliable and good treatment for O’Brien type III radial neck fractures in children, because it has the advantages of minimal invasion, easy operation, stable fixation, early mobilization, and less complication.
Elastic intramedullary nailing
Open reduction
Closed
桡骨颈骨折是儿童常见骨折之一,发生率在儿童 肘关节骨折中占第 3 位 [1],占 14 岁以下儿童肘部骨折 的 8%[2]。对于严重移位的 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折, 保守治疗预后较差 [3],需手术治疗。以往多采用切开 复位、克氏针经皮桡骨头斜行固定及屈肘 90° 经肱骨 小头贯穿固定,近年出现了切开复位可吸收棒固定 [4]、 迷你接骨板固定 [5] 及闭合复位弹性髓内针固定 [6] 等 多种方式。关于闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复 位克氏针固定术治疗儿童桡骨颈骨折疗效比较研究较 少,因此我们对 2007 年 11 月- 2010 年 11 月收治的 31 例 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折患儿,分别采用以上两 种固定术治疗,比较其优缺点,为临床选择治疗方法提 供依据。报告如下。
中国修复重建外科杂志2012年6月第26卷第6期
·661·
闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术 治疗儿童桡骨颈骨折疗效比较
孙建华 张新虎 周连军 范秋生 刘斌
【摘 要】 目的 通过与切开复位克氏针固定术比较,分析闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗 O’Brien Ⅲ型儿童桡 骨颈骨折的疗效。 方法 2007 年 11 月- 2010 年 11 月,收治 31 例 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折患儿,其中 18 例采用闭合 复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗(闭合复位组),13 例采用切开复位克氏针固定术治疗(切开复位组)。两组患儿性别、年龄、 病程、骨折分型等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。 结果 术后两组患儿切口均Ⅰ期愈合。 31 例均获随访,随访时间 1 ~ 2 年,平均 1.5 年。闭合复位组 2 例发生伸直受限;切开复位组 6 例发生屈、伸或旋前功能 受限。末次随访时,闭合复位组肘关节屈、伸、旋前、旋后活动度与健侧比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05);切开复位组 除旋后活动度与健侧相似(P > 0.05)外,屈、伸、旋前活动度均小于健侧,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。肘关节功能根 据 Metaizeau 等的标准评定,闭合复位组获优 16 例,良 2 例;切开复位组获优 4 例,良 4 例,一般 3 例,差 2 例;组间比较差 异有统计学意义(Z=3.435,P=0.001)。X 线片复查示,术后内固定物取出前两组骨折均解剖复位;取出后切开复位组 4 例 发生骨折再移位,闭合复位组无骨折再移位。随访期间均无桡骨头骺缺血性坏死改变。 结论 与切开复位克氏针固定术 比较,闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗 O’Brien Ⅲ型儿童桡骨颈骨折具有微创、手术操作简便、固定牢固、允许术后早期活 动、并发症少等优点,是一种较好的治疗方法。
作者单位:哈励逊国际和平医院骨三科(河北衡水,053000) 通讯作者:孙建华,副主任医师,研究方向:运动医学,E-mail: mynameissjh@sina.com 网络出版时间:2012-5-30 17:03:20;网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1372.R.20120530.1703.005.html
【关键词】 桡骨颈骨折 弹性髓内针 切开复位 闭合复位 内固定 儿童
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CLOSED REDUCTION WITH ELASTIC INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING AND OPEห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ REDUCTION WITH Kirschner WIRE FIXATIONS IN TREATMENT OF RADIAL NECK FRACTURES IN CHILDREN/SUN Jianhua, ZHANG Xinhu, ZHOU Lianjun, FAN Qiushen, LIU Bin. The Third Department of Orthopaedics, the Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China. Corresponding author: SUN Jianhua, E-mail: mynameissjh@sina.com
1 临床资料 1.1 患儿纳入标准
①年龄 3 ~ 14 岁;② O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折, 无其他肘部合并骨折;③闭合骨折,经闭合复位不能获 满意对线、对位或不能维持复位者;④无桡神经深支损 伤者;⑤伤后至手术时间在 48 h 以内。
本研究通过医院伦理委员会批准,患儿家属均知 情同意。共 31 例患儿符合纳入标准,根据治疗方法不 同分为两组,18 例采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术(闭 合复位组),13 例采用切开复位克氏针固定术(切开复 位组)。 1.2 一般资料
两 组 患 儿 均 为 摔 伤,入 院 检 查 见 肘 部 轻 度 肿 胀, 桡骨小头处压痛明显,肘关节活动受限,腕、指关节活 动正常,桡动脉搏动有力,感觉正常。X 线片检查示桡 骨颈骨折,根据 O’Brien 分型标准均为Ⅲ型。闭合复 位组骨折成角 60 ~ 85°,平均 70.5°;切开复位组成角 60 ~ 90°,平均 83.3°。
·662·
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, June 2012, Vol. 26, No.6
【Key words】 Radial neck fracture reduction Internal fixation Children
两组患儿性别、年龄、病程、骨折分型等一般资料 比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。 1.3 手术方法
闭合复位组:全麻后,患儿取平卧位。首先于 X 线 透视下用 1 枚克氏针经皮撬拨,使骨折部分复位,纠正
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze and compare the effectiveness of the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixations in the treatment of O’Brien type III radial neck fractures in children. Methods Between November 2007 and November 2010, 31 children with O’Brien type III radial neck fractures were treated by the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing fixation (closed reduction group, n=18) and by the open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation (open reduction group, n=13). There was no significant difference in age, gender, disease duration, and fracture classification between 2 groups (P > 0.05). Results The incisions of 2 groups healed primarily. All the patients were followed up 1-2 years (mean, 1.5 years). Limitation of the elbow extension occurred in 2 cases of the closed reduction group, limitations of the elbow extension, flexion, and forearm pronation in 6 cases of the open reduction group. There was no significant difference in elbow flexion, extension, pronation, and supination between affected side and normal side in the closed reduction group (P > 0.05). Except in supination (P > 0.05), there were significant differences in flexion, extension, and pronation between affected side and normal side in the open reduction group (P < 0.05). According to Metaizeau’s grading criterion, excellent results were achieved in 16 cases and good in 2 cases in the closed reduction group; excellent results were achieved in 4 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 3 cases, and poor in 2 case in the open reduction group; and there was significant difference between 2 groups (Z=3.435, P=0.001). The X-ray films showed anatomical reduction in 2 groups before removal of internal fixation; redisplacement occurred in 4 cases after removal of internal fixation in the open reduction group, no redisplacement occurred in the closed reduction group. There was no avascular necrosis of radial head and epi physes during follow-up. Conclusion Comparison with the open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation, the closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing fixation is a reliable and good treatment for O’Brien type III radial neck fractures in children, because it has the advantages of minimal invasion, easy operation, stable fixation, early mobilization, and less complication.
Elastic intramedullary nailing
Open reduction
Closed
桡骨颈骨折是儿童常见骨折之一,发生率在儿童 肘关节骨折中占第 3 位 [1],占 14 岁以下儿童肘部骨折 的 8%[2]。对于严重移位的 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折, 保守治疗预后较差 [3],需手术治疗。以往多采用切开 复位、克氏针经皮桡骨头斜行固定及屈肘 90° 经肱骨 小头贯穿固定,近年出现了切开复位可吸收棒固定 [4]、 迷你接骨板固定 [5] 及闭合复位弹性髓内针固定 [6] 等 多种方式。关于闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复 位克氏针固定术治疗儿童桡骨颈骨折疗效比较研究较 少,因此我们对 2007 年 11 月- 2010 年 11 月收治的 31 例 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折患儿,分别采用以上两 种固定术治疗,比较其优缺点,为临床选择治疗方法提 供依据。报告如下。
中国修复重建外科杂志2012年6月第26卷第6期
·661·
闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术 治疗儿童桡骨颈骨折疗效比较
孙建华 张新虎 周连军 范秋生 刘斌
【摘 要】 目的 通过与切开复位克氏针固定术比较,分析闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗 O’Brien Ⅲ型儿童桡 骨颈骨折的疗效。 方法 2007 年 11 月- 2010 年 11 月,收治 31 例 O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折患儿,其中 18 例采用闭合 复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗(闭合复位组),13 例采用切开复位克氏针固定术治疗(切开复位组)。两组患儿性别、年龄、 病程、骨折分型等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。 结果 术后两组患儿切口均Ⅰ期愈合。 31 例均获随访,随访时间 1 ~ 2 年,平均 1.5 年。闭合复位组 2 例发生伸直受限;切开复位组 6 例发生屈、伸或旋前功能 受限。末次随访时,闭合复位组肘关节屈、伸、旋前、旋后活动度与健侧比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05);切开复位组 除旋后活动度与健侧相似(P > 0.05)外,屈、伸、旋前活动度均小于健侧,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。肘关节功能根 据 Metaizeau 等的标准评定,闭合复位组获优 16 例,良 2 例;切开复位组获优 4 例,良 4 例,一般 3 例,差 2 例;组间比较差 异有统计学意义(Z=3.435,P=0.001)。X 线片复查示,术后内固定物取出前两组骨折均解剖复位;取出后切开复位组 4 例 发生骨折再移位,闭合复位组无骨折再移位。随访期间均无桡骨头骺缺血性坏死改变。 结论 与切开复位克氏针固定术 比较,闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术治疗 O’Brien Ⅲ型儿童桡骨颈骨折具有微创、手术操作简便、固定牢固、允许术后早期活 动、并发症少等优点,是一种较好的治疗方法。
作者单位:哈励逊国际和平医院骨三科(河北衡水,053000) 通讯作者:孙建华,副主任医师,研究方向:运动医学,E-mail: mynameissjh@sina.com 网络出版时间:2012-5-30 17:03:20;网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1372.R.20120530.1703.005.html
【关键词】 桡骨颈骨折 弹性髓内针 切开复位 闭合复位 内固定 儿童
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CLOSED REDUCTION WITH ELASTIC INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING AND OPEห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ REDUCTION WITH Kirschner WIRE FIXATIONS IN TREATMENT OF RADIAL NECK FRACTURES IN CHILDREN/SUN Jianhua, ZHANG Xinhu, ZHOU Lianjun, FAN Qiushen, LIU Bin. The Third Department of Orthopaedics, the Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui Hebei, 053000, P.R.China. Corresponding author: SUN Jianhua, E-mail: mynameissjh@sina.com
1 临床资料 1.1 患儿纳入标准
①年龄 3 ~ 14 岁;② O’Brien Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折, 无其他肘部合并骨折;③闭合骨折,经闭合复位不能获 满意对线、对位或不能维持复位者;④无桡神经深支损 伤者;⑤伤后至手术时间在 48 h 以内。
本研究通过医院伦理委员会批准,患儿家属均知 情同意。共 31 例患儿符合纳入标准,根据治疗方法不 同分为两组,18 例采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术(闭 合复位组),13 例采用切开复位克氏针固定术(切开复 位组)。 1.2 一般资料
两 组 患 儿 均 为 摔 伤,入 院 检 查 见 肘 部 轻 度 肿 胀, 桡骨小头处压痛明显,肘关节活动受限,腕、指关节活 动正常,桡动脉搏动有力,感觉正常。X 线片检查示桡 骨颈骨折,根据 O’Brien 分型标准均为Ⅲ型。闭合复 位组骨折成角 60 ~ 85°,平均 70.5°;切开复位组成角 60 ~ 90°,平均 83.3°。
·662·
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, June 2012, Vol. 26, No.6
【Key words】 Radial neck fracture reduction Internal fixation Children