合同的若干法律问题研究
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The third chapter is to explain the effect and obligations of pre-contract. Legal effect is the central part of legal system. The opinions about it are discussed. In this academic circle, author introduces these opinions and some obligations that the parties should fulfill, such as fair negotiation, disclosure obligations.
The forth chapter is about the remedy for breach pre-contract, especially expounds the different opinions about continue to perform in theory, how to identify liquidated damages and deposit applies to several forms of relief.
摘 要
作为当事人订立合同的一种重要方式，预约在社会生活中已被广泛使用，它能够确定交易机会，同时敦促各方按照合同规定审慎交易。2012 的《买卖合同司法解释》虽然初步明确的是预约合同的部分规定，但仍尚未详细认定预约合同的性质、效力和违约责任等。这也严重影响了我国各级法院司法的稳定与统一，使得各级法院审判实践出现混乱。在此本文对预约合同的概念、性质、效力以及违约责任等都进行了全面的探讨，观点如下：
第一章为预约合同概述。第一节从预约的概念着手分析了预约合同的概念与起源。接下来第二节就阐述了预约的特征，第三节则详细论述了当前预约合同的主要两种分类。
第二章为预约合同的界定。第一节通过比较分析的方法介绍了预约合同与相关概念的区别，特别是预约合同与订约意向书以及本约的区别和联系，然后点明了其独立特性。第二节为预约合同的成立要件。预约是合同中的一种特殊类型，其成立除了满足一般合同的普遍要求外，还需要满足一些特殊的要求。
The first chapter is an overview about it. The first section expounds the conception and origin of it, The author begins with concept of pre-contract, which is the base of this thesis. The second section is about characteristics. The third section describes the unilateral pre-contract and bilateral pre-contract.
关键词：预约合同；本约；成立要件；法律效力；违约救济
Abstract
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Pre-contract which is an important way to contract have been generally used in practice, it’s function is fixed trading opportunities, prompting cautious trading parties in the same time. However, our country already has detailed provisions on the nature, validity, liability for beach of pre-contract, incomplete and lack of theoretical research in transaction and judicial practice. And affects the unity and stability of justice. This paper make an integrated research on the types of pre-contract, the nature, effect and the liability for breaching of contract. The viewpoint are as follows:
第三章讨论了预约合同的法律效力及义务。效力是预约合同的焦点，理论界关于预约合同的效力众说纷纭，本文介绍了现有的几种观点以及当事人要履行的一些特殊义务，如公平谈判、披露义务。
第四章是预约合同的违约救济。特别介绍了继续履行在理论界的不同观点，损害赔偿的认定方式以及定金和违约金的适用。
第五章是对预约合同制度的展望。在介绍了我国预约合同的立法现状后，探讨了预约合同立法的必要性，最后尝试着提出了相关的立法建议。
The second chapter is the definition of it. The first section expounds the distinction between pre-contract and relative concepts. And especially make a comparision about the letter of intent and the contract. And futher points out that pre-contract is an independent contract. The second section is to discuss the establishment of it. Pre-contract is a particular contract, it’s establishment is comply with the provisions of general contract.
The forth chapter is about the remedy for breach pre-contract, especially expounds the different opinions about continue to perform in theory, how to identify liquidated damages and deposit applies to several forms of relief.
摘 要
作为当事人订立合同的一种重要方式，预约在社会生活中已被广泛使用，它能够确定交易机会，同时敦促各方按照合同规定审慎交易。2012 的《买卖合同司法解释》虽然初步明确的是预约合同的部分规定，但仍尚未详细认定预约合同的性质、效力和违约责任等。这也严重影响了我国各级法院司法的稳定与统一，使得各级法院审判实践出现混乱。在此本文对预约合同的概念、性质、效力以及违约责任等都进行了全面的探讨，观点如下：
第一章为预约合同概述。第一节从预约的概念着手分析了预约合同的概念与起源。接下来第二节就阐述了预约的特征，第三节则详细论述了当前预约合同的主要两种分类。
第二章为预约合同的界定。第一节通过比较分析的方法介绍了预约合同与相关概念的区别，特别是预约合同与订约意向书以及本约的区别和联系，然后点明了其独立特性。第二节为预约合同的成立要件。预约是合同中的一种特殊类型，其成立除了满足一般合同的普遍要求外，还需要满足一些特殊的要求。
The first chapter is an overview about it. The first section expounds the conception and origin of it, The author begins with concept of pre-contract, which is the base of this thesis. The second section is about characteristics. The third section describes the unilateral pre-contract and bilateral pre-contract.
关键词：预约合同；本约；成立要件；法律效力；违约救济
Abstract
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Pre-contract which is an important way to contract have been generally used in practice, it’s function is fixed trading opportunities, prompting cautious trading parties in the same time. However, our country already has detailed provisions on the nature, validity, liability for beach of pre-contract, incomplete and lack of theoretical research in transaction and judicial practice. And affects the unity and stability of justice. This paper make an integrated research on the types of pre-contract, the nature, effect and the liability for breaching of contract. The viewpoint are as follows:
第三章讨论了预约合同的法律效力及义务。效力是预约合同的焦点，理论界关于预约合同的效力众说纷纭，本文介绍了现有的几种观点以及当事人要履行的一些特殊义务，如公平谈判、披露义务。
第四章是预约合同的违约救济。特别介绍了继续履行在理论界的不同观点，损害赔偿的认定方式以及定金和违约金的适用。
第五章是对预约合同制度的展望。在介绍了我国预约合同的立法现状后，探讨了预约合同立法的必要性，最后尝试着提出了相关的立法建议。
The second chapter is the definition of it. The first section expounds the distinction between pre-contract and relative concepts. And especially make a comparision about the letter of intent and the contract. And futher points out that pre-contract is an independent contract. The second section is to discuss the establishment of it. Pre-contract is a particular contract, it’s establishment is comply with the provisions of general contract.