毕业设计(论文)--试析毛姆小x说中人物的孤独意识

梧州学院

题目试析毛姆小说中人物的孤独意识

学院国际交流学院

专业汉语言文学

班级 11对外3班

学号

学生姓名

指导教师

完成时间 2015 年 3 月

梧州学院

学士学位论文原创性声明

本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容之外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究内容做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式表明。本人完全意识到本声明的后果由本人承担。

论文作者签名：（手写）

日期：（手写）

摘要

威廉.萨摩赛特.毛姆(1874-1965)是英国文坛上一位重要的作家，他的戏剧、小说、散文被读者广泛地阅读，很多研究者把这归功于毛姆有意迎合大众口味，使得作品很吸引主流阅读群体。本文认为毛姆作品中所包含深刻的非主流个体话语才是深深吸引读者的最主要原因，正如作家摩根所说：“在精明的观察者看来，一个人即使在偶然写出的作品中，也不能不显露他自己的内心世界。”[1]本文主要围绕毛姆的三部小说《人生的枷锁》、《月亮和六便士》、《刀锋》来探讨毛姆笔下人物的孤独意识，论述证明毛姆作品中为研究者和大众所忽视的个体孤独者话语。本文分为三节论述，第一节是毛姆笔下的孤独者形象。主要选取了《人生的枷锁》中抗争者菲利普、《月亮和六便士》中为艺术献身的孤独者斯特里克兰德、《刀锋》中跨越刀锋的拉里这三个人物形象；第二节是毛姆笔下孤独意识的表现形式。其表现形式为精心的故事题材和主人公对异域和自然的向往；第三节是分析毛姆孤独意识的成因，论述时代根源、叔本华悲观哲学影响、自身经历这三方面对毛姆的影响。

关键词：毛姆；孤独意识；表现形式

An Analysis on the C haracters’ Consciousness of Loneliness in Maugham's Novels

Abstract

William.Somerset.Maugham (1874-1965) was an important British literary writer. His plays, novels and essays were widely read for readers, which was considered that Maugham catered to popular taste intentionally and attracted mainstream reading groups. [1]This paper argued that Maugham literature works contained the discourse of non-mainstream individual discourse which was the most important reason to attract audiences. As the writer Morgan said: "in a shrewd observer viewpoint, a person even wrote works in occasional, and the works can’t fail to reveal his inner world.

The thesis analyzed the characters’ consciousness of loneliness in Maugham’s novels Of Human Bondage, The Moon and Sixpence and the Razor’s Edge, exploring the discourse of non-mainstream individual discourse in Maugham literature works.

The thesis was divided into three parts. The first chapter introduced the lone images in Maugham’s novels. This part chose three characters to study: the protesters Philip in Of Human Bondage, t he art of devotion Strickland in The Moon and Sixpence and Larry in the Razor’s Edge; the second chapter introduced the form of lonely consciousness. It was concluded that smart material and the wish to the alien world and nature is the main form. The third chapter analyzed the causes of loneliness awareness in Maugham’s novels, and this part discussed the root causes of the times, the pessimistic philosophical influence of Schopenhauer and author’s own experience influencing on Maugham.

Keywords: Maugham; Lonely consciousness; Form

目录

引言 (1)

一、毛姆笔下孤独者形象 (1)

（一）菲利普：抗争枷锁的孤独者 (2)

（二）斯特里克兰德：为艺术献身的孤独者 (3)

（三）拉里：跨越刀锋的孤独者 (4)

二、毛姆笔下孤独意识的表现形式 (5)

（一）精心的故事题材 (5)

（二）对异域和自然的向往 (7)

三、毛姆的孤独意识的成因 (8)

（一）时代根源 (9)

（二）自身经历 (9)

（三）叔本华悲观哲学影响 (10)

结语 (11)

参考文献 (12)

致谢 (13)