【60套练习】西安市中考英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编(及答案)(9)

2020-2021中考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解

一、英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Light and shadow（影子）are friends. They usually go together. We receive light every day. At the same time, we produce shadow.

Light cannot shine through you. Your body stops it from passing. There is a dark spot on the ground next to you. The light cannot reach the dark spot. This is your shadow.

At noon the Sun shines over your head. Your body stops very little light from reaching the ground.

We love light, especially sunlight. Without sunlight, life on the Earth is impossible. Most of us like to stand in the shadow of a tree in summer. But some people are afraid of their own shadow at night. They do not want to walk in a dark street. They do not want to see the shadow either. But still light and shadow usually go together.

（1）The sentence "Light and shadow are friends." means "".

A.The shadow produces light.

B.The light usually follows the shadow.

C.Light and shadow usually get on well with each other.

D.When we get light, we can get shadow. They are always together.

（2）Light CANNOT shine through you Because.

A.it is too weak

B.your body stops it from travelling on

C.your body is tall and strong

D.there is a dark spot on the ground next to you （3）It is in the shadow of a tree in summer, so many people like to stay there.

A.hot

B.warm

C.cool

D.cold （4）Which of the following is NOT true?

A.There will be no shadow without light.

B.Shadow is produced when something stops light from passing.

C.We produce light when we receive it.

D.Man, animals and plants have to live on sunlight.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是光和影子。光和影子是在一起的。影子是怎样形成的。我们喜欢夏天在树影下，但是在晚上有些人害怕自己的影子。他们不敢在黑暗的街道上走路。他们不想看到自己的影子。

（1）细节理解题。根据Light and shadow（影子）are friends. They usually go together. 可知光和影是如影随形。同时存在的。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据Light cannot shine through you. Your body stops it from passing.光不能穿透你。你的身体阻止它通过。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据常识我们知道在夏天在树荫底下会感到凉快。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。Light and shadow（影子）are friends. They usually go together. 可知没有

光就没有影子。可知A是正确的。根据Your body stops it from passing. There is a dark spot on the ground next to you. The light cannot reach the dark spot. This is your shadow.可知B是正确的。根据Without sunlight, life on the Earth is impossible.可知D选项是正确的。可知C选项是错误的。故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们在弄清题意后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到细节理解问题的答案。关于推理判断题我们可根据生活常识或文章细节推理判断问题的正误。

2．阅读理解

Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Why does some land have so many plants growing on it, while other land has almost（几乎）no plants growing on it at all?

To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost nothing grows. Plants also need water. In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠）everywhere are almost not covered by trees or grass.

Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is built on hard land. The plants here have only the soil found between the cracks of the stones to grow in.

Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food.

What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants, such as beach grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won't. Even if(即使）the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.

（1）According to the passage, plants need things to grow well.

A.two

B.three

C.four

D.five （2）What does the underlined word "cracks" mean in Chinese?

A.缝隙

B.表面

C.夹层

D.底部

（3）From the passage, we can know it is for plants to grow in dry places.

A.easy

B.difficult

C.impossible

D.important （4）The reason why most plants can't grow on the sandy beach is that.

A.there isn't enough sunlight

B.there is too much water

C.it is too crowded there

D.it has little food for plants

（5）The passage can most probably be found in a book.

A.science

B.history

C.travel

D.Maths 【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲了种植树木需要的几个条件。在哪些地方可以种树。（1）细节理解题。根据To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. Plants also need water. Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow.Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food. 可知要种好植物需要四个条件。故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据The town is built on hard land. The plants here have only the soil found between the cracks of the stones to grow in. 城镇建立在硬的地面上。这里的植物只有在石头缝隙被发现的土壤去种。可知crack是缝隙，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow.在地球非常干的地方只有几种非同寻常的植物能种植。可知在干旱的地方很难种植植物。故选B。

（4）细节理解题。Even if(即使）the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants. 可知在沙漠地方种植植物难是因为缺少植物需要的食物。故选D。

（5）此题考查文章的出处。从文章的内容讲解的是种植植物所需要的几个条件，可知这篇文章出自科普读物。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。阅读短文了解短文大意。分析问题，弄清题意。带着问题，重新阅读短文，从短文细节中找出问题答案。对于词义猜测，可根据上下文联系猜测词义。对于文章的出处要根据文章的内容来确定。

3．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

It's seven forty in the morning. The students are coming into the classroom. A girl is opening the window. Some of the students are laughing and talking. Some others are listening to them. Some are reading books. Some are doing their homework.

Miss Zhao is standing behind the teacher's desk. She is writing on the blackboard. She and Lily are wearing their new dresses. Ann is cleaning her desk, and Mike is helping her. They all look happy.

What are Bill and Jim doing? Oh, dear, they are still playing basketball on the playground.（1）The students are .

A.in the school

B.at home

C.in a boat

D.on the playground （2）-- Who is the teacher for the class?

A.A girl

B.Miss Zhao

C.Sue

D.Miss Gao

（3）What are the students NOT doing?

A.Doing their homework.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ec2634528.html,ughing or talking.

C.Writing on the blackboard.

D.Reading books.

（4）How many students are playing basketball now?

A.Only one.

B.Two.

C.Many.

D.We don't know.（5）Which of the following is NOT right?

A.Ann is cleaning the teacher's desk.

B.Mike is helping Ann.

C.Bill and Jim are still playing basketball.

D.The students all look happy in the morning.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】（1）根据句子The students are coming into the classroom.和后面学生在读书，写作业和说笑，可知答案为A。

（2）根据句子Miss Zhao is standing behind the teacher's desk.可知答案为B。

（3）根据句子A girl is opening the window. Some of the students are laughing and talking. Some others are listening to them. Some are reading books. Some are doing their homework.用排除法，可知答案为C。

（4）根据最后一段What are Bill and Jim doing? Oh, dear, they are still playing basketball on the playground.可知答案为B。

（5）根据Ann is cleaning her desk,and Mike is helping her. 可知不是the teacher's desk，所以选择A不正确，选项B正确；根据最后一段可知选项C正确；根据They all look happy.可知选项D正确。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读选择。先在文章中找到和题干相关的信息，再进行判断分析。

4．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The final exam comes with July. When exam ends, the summer vacation begins. Boys and girls have about two months to relax. The summer vacation is the best time of the year for most children. The weather is usually fine. They can swim, go to summer camp or visit other places with their parents.

The best place for a summer vacation is the seaside (海边). Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea, but for the others, a week or two at one of the big seaside towns is something they will talk about for the whole of the following year.

In England, most of the people can take their children to the seaside. If a factory worker or a bus driver, a street cleaner or a waiter wants to take his wife and children to Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton, he is usually quite able to do so.

Why do children like spending their summer vacation on beaches? It is because they like the sand, the sun, the cool wind and the sea water. There are lots of new things to see, nice things to eat and exciting things to do.

（1）Why do children like summer vacation?

A.Because they can have delicious food.

B.Because they can spend time with their parents.

C.Because they can have exams.

D.Because they can have many kinds of activities.（2）Southend, Margate, Blackpool and Clacton must be ________.

A.foreign countries

B.seaside towns

C.famous cities

D.big restaurants

（3）Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Parents in England usually don't like their jobs.

B.Parents in England can take their children to the beaches.

C.Children enjoy swimming in the summer vacation.

D.Children like to spend their summer vacation on beaches.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了孩子们都很喜欢暑假,暑假天气好,他们可以有各种各样的活动。很多孩子喜欢到沙滩边玩,因为他们可以享受到很多东西。

（1）细节理解题。由根据文中第一段The weather is usually fine. They can swim, go to summer camps or visitother places with their parents.天气通常都很好，他们可以跟父母去游泳，野营或者参观其他地方,从而得知喜欢暑假的原因是天气好而且有各种活动，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。由In England, most of the people can take their children to the seaside. If a factory worker or a bus driver, a street cleaner or a waiter wants to take his wife and children to Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton, he is usually quite able to do so. 在英国，大多数人可以带孩子去海边。如果一个工厂工人或公共汽车司机、街道清洁工或服务员想带他的妻子和孩子去Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton, 可知推知Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton，一定是海边城镇，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。由most of the people can take their children to the seaside.可知选项B符合文章内容；They can swim, go to summer camp or visit other places with their parents. 可知选项C符合文章内容；Why do children like spending their summer vacation on beaches?可知选项D符合文章内容，选项A在文中没有提到，结合题干，从而判断A错误。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

5．阅读理解

There is an interesting show on TV. It is about the different jobs that people do. There are five people on the show.

First, there are twins. They are Amy and Nina. They have brown hair. They are short and heavy. They cook for people. They work in a big restaurant.

Next, there is an old man called Henry. He is short and thin. He has grey hair and a beard. He loves teaching children.

And then, there is a man called Joe. He is tall and thin with long curly hair. He paints pictures. He shows a beautiful painting of a little girl. She is his daughter.

Finally, there is a woman called Alison. She is tall and thin with short hair. She takes care of sick animals. She is carrying a white cat. It is her cat.

Do you know what jobs these people do? Which job is the most interesting to you?

（1）Joe is a (an) ________ .

A.Artist

B.reporter

C.doctor

D.policeman （2）Who is tall and thin with short hair?