《中西文化对比》第五章 汉英翻译的九种技巧

2. 大(家庭)有大(家庭)的难处。
A large family has its difficulties.
3. 天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊。
The sky is blue and blue; boundless and boundless
And the steppe grassland) is wide and wide; Among the lower grass that the wind has blown, sheep and oxen roam.

血债要用血来还。
7. Rain or shine, I’ll go there. 雨也罢，晴也罢，我都要去那。（使译文生动流畅）。

8.We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the
weather, of each other---of everything but our host and hostess. 我们谈到自己， 谈到前途， 谈到旅程， 谈到天气， 谈到彼此的情 况， ---谈到一切，只是不谈我们的男女主人。
汉英翻译常用的九种技巧
常用的九种翻译技巧
1. 重复法 (repetition) 2. 增译法 (amplification) 3. 减译法 (omission) 4. 词类转移法 (conversion) 5. 词序调整法 (inversion) 6. 分译法 (division) 7. 正说反译, 反说正译法 (negation) 8. 语态 变换法 (the change of the voices) 9.修辞重现
(译文1）
I seek but seek in vain, I search and search again; I feel so sad, so drear, So lonely, without cheer.
（许渊冲译）
5.青青河边草, 郁郁园中柳。

Green grass grows upon the river bank, The lush and green willows shoot in the garden. 1. He wandered about in the chill rain, thinking and thinking, brooding and brooding 他在凄雨中荡来荡去，想了又想，盘算了盘算。 3. Blood must atone for blood.
2. 增译法

为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并使译文合乎表达习 惯,必须增加一些词语,这就叫增译法.


增词义增加虚词为多，也可酌量增加实词。
: Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside. 上大学的上大学了， 下乡的下乡了。 : Happy families also had their own troubles. 幸福家庭有幸福家庭的苦恼。 :The letter “I” represents I, “O” owe, and “U” you. 字母I代表“我”，O代表“欠”，U代表“你”。（将省略的动词 译出来） But there had been too much publicity about my case. 但我的事现在已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。 If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period for the few. 多数人兴高采烈之日，却是少数人伤心失意之时。 :Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift （节约）avarice(=greed). 勇之过度则蛮，爱之过度则为宠，俭之过度则为贪。（原文 省略 了定语和谓语 译成汉语时应补上）
4.
寻寻觅觅,冷冷清请,凄凄惨惨戚戚;乍暖还寒时侯,最难将息。
Seek, seek; search, search; Cold, cold; bare, bare; Grief, grief; cruel, cruel grief. Now warm, then like the autumn cold again, How hard to calm the heart!

English grammar is very difficult and few writers have avoided
making mistakes in it.

英语语法十分困难，作家很少不犯语法错误的。（译文重复“语法”二字。）
1 .这种人闹什么东西呢?闹名誉,闹地位,闹出风头。
What are they after? They are after fame, after position, and they want to cut smart figure.
1. 重复法
1.汉语重复,英译时也重复; 2.根据两种语言各自的习惯用法,以不同的表达方式进
行重复,这种重复通常是为了传达原文的生动性.
英语一般避免重复，代称用得多，不但名词可以用代
词来替代，动词、形容词也有相应的词来替代。汉语则
不怕重复，实称用得多。

We have to analyze and solve problems.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ


我们要分析问题，解决问题。
Let’s revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。 Gentlemen may cry, peace, peace --- but there is no peace. 先生们尽管可以高呼和平，和平！但是依然没有和平。 Nels had it all written out neatly. 纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。