大学英语语法主谓一致新x1
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
journey. ❖ The whole family ____ watching TV.
❖1.The jury ____in opinion about “sentence of death.”
❖A. disagrees B. disagree ❖C. agrees D. has disagreed ❖2.Today the public ____about the
❖The news was very exciting. ❖形复意单的单词有news, works （
工厂）和一些以ics结尾的学科名称 ，physics, economics等。
3. 就近原则（Principle of Proximity）
❖谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠 近它的词语。如用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…, but also等连接的并列主语，如果一 个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词 与靠近它的主语一致。
❖5.由二部分组成的物体通常以S结尾 ，如果不带“一把”等单位词而单独使 用，通常用作复数。
❖scissors剪子 shears 大剪刀 ❖pincers 、tongs 钳子 ❖pliers 老虎钳 pants 裤子 ❖pajamas 睡衣，宽长裤 ❖suspenders吊裤带 ❖ knickers短裤，灯笼裤
❖Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
❖ 1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓 语用单数
❖ arthritis:关节炎 ❖ mumps:腮腺炎
bronchitis :支气管炎 diabetes:糖尿病
wenku.baidu.com
❖ phlebitis:静脉炎
❖
❖This glass works was set up in 2008.
❖ These glass works are near the railway station.
❖9.少数名词用作单数和用作复数意义不 同
❖ What’s the odds?有什么要紧？=what does it matter? （差别）
谓一致
❖ 1.通常用作复数的集体名词:people, police, folk, youth, cattle, poultry, militia, vermin
❖ His cattle were still lean. ❖ Many cattle are kept.饲养了很多牲畜。
❖ Several hundred police were on duty. 几百个警察在执勤。
❖3.What (is, are) his politics ?
主谓一致 Subject-verb Concord
❖ “一致”（concord或agreement）指句子成 分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关 系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人 称”和“数”的方面的一致关系， 这又叫做“ 主-动一致”（ Subject-verb Concord ）。
❖ 3.以ics结尾的学科名称通常用单数
❖mathematics:数学 ❖physics:物理学 ❖optics:光学 ❖statistics:统计学 ❖politics:政治学 ❖acoustics:声学/音响效果
❖economics:经济学 ❖athletics:体育学 ❖mechanics:机械学 ❖semantics:语义学 ❖linguistics:语言学 ❖tactics:兵法/策略
❖但是measles(麻疹)，rickets(软骨病) 谓 语可用单/复数
❖ 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语 常用单数
❖ darts:投镖游戏dominoes:多米诺骨牌 ❖marbles:打弹子游戏 billiards:台球
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
❖ 但cards(打纸牌)用复数； ❖ 当它们表示所用工具时谓语用复数 ❖Two darts are thrown at every turn.
指导原则
❖1.语法一致原则（Grammatical Concord)
❖主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数 形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词 也用复数形式。
❖Both boys have their own merits. ❖Much effort is wasted.
❖2. 意义一致原则 （Notional Concord）
❖ 当这类名词表示学科以外的其它意义时 用作复数
❖ Statistics (be) not as difficult as some people think.
❖ The latest statistics on crime (be) beyond description.
❖ 注:下列以ics结尾的名词仅用作单数 ❖classics:杰作,著作 comics:连环图画 ❖ethics: 伦理学 cosmetics:化妆品
❖ The police are searching for him.
❖ 2.通常用作单数的集体名词:
❖advice, baggage, equipment,
information, knowledge, machinery,
scenery,
news,
foliage,
merchandise, furniture
❖ The odds are against us.我们成功的机 会很小。（可能的机会）
❖
❖The martyr’s remains were buried at the foot of the hill.遗体
❖ Here is the remains of the temple. 遗迹
II. 集体名词（Collective Noun）作主语的主
way nature is being ruined. ❖A. are concerned B. is concerned ❖C. have been concerned ❖D. is being concerned
❖3.The committee can't come to a decision because ____at odds.
_w__a_s_(be) invited to a welcome party when
he arrived at the city. 3 In summer, my family
always_e_a_t___(eat) lunch in the park.
4 At the moment, the whole class _is_/_a_r_e_e_n_j_o_y_in__g__(enjoy) sightseeing trips in the city.
❖jeans 工装裤 ❖shorts 短裤 ❖briefs 三角裤 ❖shoes glasses/spectacles 眼镜 ❖binoculars 望远镜
❖chopsticks
❖如带有单位词，则由单位词的单/复 数来决定谓语动词的单/复数
❖A pair of shoes was on the desk.
company, government, enemy, class,
team, party, club, majority, crowd, audience, jury, union, fleet（舰队） ,faculty（能力；大学教职人员），crew，
public
❖ His family are all music lovers. ❖ His family isn’t large. ❖ His family___ going to have a long
❖A. it has B. they have ❖C. it is D. they are
❖4.The majority _____on Ben's side, but Peter disagrees with them on two points.
❖A. were D. are
B. was
C. is
大学英语语法主谓一致新x1
❖ 练习：
❖1.The Alps (covers, cover) an area of 200,000 square kilometers and (is ,are) the greatest mountain range in Europe.
❖2.Draughts (is, are) an easier game than chess.
Keys : b d d d
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the words.
1 One of my best friends_h__a_s_ (have)
moved to America. 2 The student, with the host family,
❖Ethics conduct.
(deal) with moral
❖伦理学是研究道德行为的。
❖The ethics of his decision (be) doubtful.
❖他那决定中的道德准绳值得怀疑。
❖4.以S 结尾的地理名称如山脉，海 峡，瀑布，群岛等谓语动词通常用 作复数
❖the West Indies西印度群岛
❖
❖ lodgings:租的房间 ❖ surroundings:环境 ❖ sweepings:扫拢的垃圾 ❖ 注:tidings( 消息,音信)可用作单或复数
❖８.以Ｓ结尾的单，复数同形的名词 ，谓语动词形式取决于这些名词是 用作单数还是用作复数；意义不同 ，单／复数也不同
❖barracks:营房 headquarters:总部 ❖ means:方法,手段,工具 series:系列 ❖ species:种类 works:工厂 ❖ crossroads:十字路口
II. 集体名词（Collective Noun）作主语的主
谓一致
❖The merchandise on display in the shop window is very good.
❖All the machinery is new.
❖ 3.既可用作复数也可用作单数的集体名词 ：family, army, group, committee,
❖1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复 数，谓语动词为复数。
❖The crowd were running for their lives.
指导原则
❖单数形式代表复数内容的词有： people, police, cattle, militia等。
❖2) 主语形式为复数，而意义上却是 单数，谓语动词用单数。
remains:遗体
❖ morals:道德
minutes:记录
❖ 注:whereabouts(行踪，下落)， dramatics(舞台艺术)可用单/复数
❖7.凡是由-ings结尾的名词常用作复 数
❖ clippings:剪下来的东西 ❖filings:锉屑 ❖ earnings:收入 ❖diggings:掘出的东西
❖Two pairs of shoes are under the desks.
❖ 6.下列以s结尾的名词通常用作复数
❖ archives:档案
arms:武器
❖ eaves:屋檐
contents:内容
❖ goods:货物
suburbs:郊区
❖ thanks:谢意
wages: 工资
❖ stairs:楼梯
❖the Bahamas巴哈马群岛
❖the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉 ❖the Straits of Gibraltar直布罗陀海峡 ❖the Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 ❖the Rockies 落基山脉
❖ 但如果是国名，则用作单数，如: ❖the United States, ❖the United Nations, ❖the Netherlands（荷兰）。
5 The government__i_s_ (be) trying to protect the environment.
6 My study group_w__a_n_t_ (want) to have pen friends.
❖1.The jury ____in opinion about “sentence of death.”
❖A. disagrees B. disagree ❖C. agrees D. has disagreed ❖2.Today the public ____about the
❖The news was very exciting. ❖形复意单的单词有news, works （
工厂）和一些以ics结尾的学科名称 ，physics, economics等。
3. 就近原则（Principle of Proximity）
❖谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠 近它的词语。如用连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…, but also等连接的并列主语，如果一 个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词 与靠近它的主语一致。
❖5.由二部分组成的物体通常以S结尾 ，如果不带“一把”等单位词而单独使 用，通常用作复数。
❖scissors剪子 shears 大剪刀 ❖pincers 、tongs 钳子 ❖pliers 老虎钳 pants 裤子 ❖pajamas 睡衣，宽长裤 ❖suspenders吊裤带 ❖ knickers短裤，灯笼裤
❖Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
❖ 1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓 语用单数
❖ arthritis:关节炎 ❖ mumps:腮腺炎
bronchitis :支气管炎 diabetes:糖尿病
wenku.baidu.com
❖ phlebitis:静脉炎
❖
❖This glass works was set up in 2008.
❖ These glass works are near the railway station.
❖9.少数名词用作单数和用作复数意义不 同
❖ What’s the odds?有什么要紧？=what does it matter? （差别）
谓一致
❖ 1.通常用作复数的集体名词:people, police, folk, youth, cattle, poultry, militia, vermin
❖ His cattle were still lean. ❖ Many cattle are kept.饲养了很多牲畜。
❖ Several hundred police were on duty. 几百个警察在执勤。
❖3.What (is, are) his politics ?
主谓一致 Subject-verb Concord
❖ “一致”（concord或agreement）指句子成 分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关 系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人 称”和“数”的方面的一致关系， 这又叫做“ 主-动一致”（ Subject-verb Concord ）。
❖ 3.以ics结尾的学科名称通常用单数
❖mathematics:数学 ❖physics:物理学 ❖optics:光学 ❖statistics:统计学 ❖politics:政治学 ❖acoustics:声学/音响效果
❖economics:经济学 ❖athletics:体育学 ❖mechanics:机械学 ❖semantics:语义学 ❖linguistics:语言学 ❖tactics:兵法/策略
❖但是measles(麻疹)，rickets(软骨病) 谓 语可用单/复数
❖ 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语 常用单数
❖ darts:投镖游戏dominoes:多米诺骨牌 ❖marbles:打弹子游戏 billiards:台球
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
❖ 但cards(打纸牌)用复数； ❖ 当它们表示所用工具时谓语用复数 ❖Two darts are thrown at every turn.
指导原则
❖1.语法一致原则（Grammatical Concord)
❖主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数 形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词 也用复数形式。
❖Both boys have their own merits. ❖Much effort is wasted.
❖2. 意义一致原则 （Notional Concord）
❖ 当这类名词表示学科以外的其它意义时 用作复数
❖ Statistics (be) not as difficult as some people think.
❖ The latest statistics on crime (be) beyond description.
❖ 注:下列以ics结尾的名词仅用作单数 ❖classics:杰作,著作 comics:连环图画 ❖ethics: 伦理学 cosmetics:化妆品
❖ The police are searching for him.
❖ 2.通常用作单数的集体名词:
❖advice, baggage, equipment,
information, knowledge, machinery,
scenery,
news,
foliage,
merchandise, furniture
❖ The odds are against us.我们成功的机 会很小。（可能的机会）
❖
❖The martyr’s remains were buried at the foot of the hill.遗体
❖ Here is the remains of the temple. 遗迹
II. 集体名词（Collective Noun）作主语的主
way nature is being ruined. ❖A. are concerned B. is concerned ❖C. have been concerned ❖D. is being concerned
❖3.The committee can't come to a decision because ____at odds.
_w__a_s_(be) invited to a welcome party when
he arrived at the city. 3 In summer, my family
always_e_a_t___(eat) lunch in the park.
4 At the moment, the whole class _is_/_a_r_e_e_n_j_o_y_in__g__(enjoy) sightseeing trips in the city.
❖jeans 工装裤 ❖shorts 短裤 ❖briefs 三角裤 ❖shoes glasses/spectacles 眼镜 ❖binoculars 望远镜
❖chopsticks
❖如带有单位词，则由单位词的单/复 数来决定谓语动词的单/复数
❖A pair of shoes was on the desk.
company, government, enemy, class,
team, party, club, majority, crowd, audience, jury, union, fleet（舰队） ,faculty（能力；大学教职人员），crew，
public
❖ His family are all music lovers. ❖ His family isn’t large. ❖ His family___ going to have a long
❖A. it has B. they have ❖C. it is D. they are
❖4.The majority _____on Ben's side, but Peter disagrees with them on two points.
❖A. were D. are
B. was
C. is
大学英语语法主谓一致新x1
❖ 练习：
❖1.The Alps (covers, cover) an area of 200,000 square kilometers and (is ,are) the greatest mountain range in Europe.
❖2.Draughts (is, are) an easier game than chess.
Keys : b d d d
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of the words.
1 One of my best friends_h__a_s_ (have)
moved to America. 2 The student, with the host family,
❖Ethics conduct.
(deal) with moral
❖伦理学是研究道德行为的。
❖The ethics of his decision (be) doubtful.
❖他那决定中的道德准绳值得怀疑。
❖4.以S 结尾的地理名称如山脉，海 峡，瀑布，群岛等谓语动词通常用 作复数
❖the West Indies西印度群岛
❖
❖ lodgings:租的房间 ❖ surroundings:环境 ❖ sweepings:扫拢的垃圾 ❖ 注:tidings( 消息,音信)可用作单或复数
❖８.以Ｓ结尾的单，复数同形的名词 ，谓语动词形式取决于这些名词是 用作单数还是用作复数；意义不同 ，单／复数也不同
❖barracks:营房 headquarters:总部 ❖ means:方法,手段,工具 series:系列 ❖ species:种类 works:工厂 ❖ crossroads:十字路口
II. 集体名词（Collective Noun）作主语的主
谓一致
❖The merchandise on display in the shop window is very good.
❖All the machinery is new.
❖ 3.既可用作复数也可用作单数的集体名词 ：family, army, group, committee,
❖1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复 数，谓语动词为复数。
❖The crowd were running for their lives.
指导原则
❖单数形式代表复数内容的词有： people, police, cattle, militia等。
❖2) 主语形式为复数，而意义上却是 单数，谓语动词用单数。
remains:遗体
❖ morals:道德
minutes:记录
❖ 注:whereabouts(行踪，下落)， dramatics(舞台艺术)可用单/复数
❖7.凡是由-ings结尾的名词常用作复 数
❖ clippings:剪下来的东西 ❖filings:锉屑 ❖ earnings:收入 ❖diggings:掘出的东西
❖Two pairs of shoes are under the desks.
❖ 6.下列以s结尾的名词通常用作复数
❖ archives:档案
arms:武器
❖ eaves:屋檐
contents:内容
❖ goods:货物
suburbs:郊区
❖ thanks:谢意
wages: 工资
❖ stairs:楼梯
❖the Bahamas巴哈马群岛
❖the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉 ❖the Straits of Gibraltar直布罗陀海峡 ❖the Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 ❖the Rockies 落基山脉
❖ 但如果是国名，则用作单数，如: ❖the United States, ❖the United Nations, ❖the Netherlands（荷兰）。
5 The government__i_s_ (be) trying to protect the environment.
6 My study group_w__a_n_t_ (want) to have pen friends.