英语简单句的五种基本句型(课堂PPT)

in the past thirty years.所发生的事情— 变化）
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2. 谓语 ( Predicate )
说明主语“做什么” “是什么” 或 “怎么样”。 通常由动词或动词短语结合时态、语态、语气等充当。 要弄清两个概念： 及物动词：后面直接接宾语的动词； 不及物动词：后面不能直接接宾语的动词。 例如： 1. Children like playing games. 2. They were talking about a new film.
祈使句的主语一般都省略掉
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一 主语+不及物动词
1.主语+不及物动词 The sun is rising. It will snow. Can you fly?
2.主语+不及物动词+状语 Did you sleep well? She often dreams. You go first and I will follow behind.
英语的基本句型
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1. 主语 ( Subject )
表示句子说的是“什么人” 或 “什么事”。 通常由名词、代词、主语从句或doing短语等充当。
例如： 1. My teacher hates telling lies. （指老师这个
人） 2. Great changes have taken place in China
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间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, sell,
send, show, teach, tell ,wish, read, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有： buy, make, order, paint, play(演奏)， choose,
7.主语+系动词+表语从句 My opinion is that the plan won’t work. The question is what you want to do. That’s where we differ. That’s how I look at it. The problem is who can be put in charge.
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3. 主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词) The engine broke down. How did the accident come about? The bomb blew up.
4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思) Is the book selling well? Does this cloth wash well?
3. The fact seems that he didn’t notice the
car.
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5. 定语 ( Attributive )
常指修饰名词的词或短语。 常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词、数词、副词、 介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。 例如： 1. The black sweater is mine. 2. W百度文库 have eight classes every day. 3. The coffee cup on the table is mine.
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五.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
1.主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词 I thought her so nice and sincere. They didn’t believe such a thing possible. You must make the classroom clean.
2.主语+及物动词+宾语+名词 They called their daughter Mary. We elected Smith our chairman.
5.主语+系动词+不定式 His plan is to keep it secret. The only thing now is to take a taxi.
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6.主语+系动词+doing My job is repairing cars. Talking to him is talking to a wall. His hobby is playing chess.
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4. 表语 ( Predicative )
与系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质特征等。
常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、短语或从句等充当。
英语中常见的连系动词有: look; sound; feel; seem等
例如：
1. Her grandfather is an engineer.
2. The two countries were at war then.
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3.主语+系动词+副词 Is Helen in? Summer is over. The light is on.
4.主语+系动词+介词短语 You know what you are after. Keep off the grass. The students are in favour of reform.
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3. 宾语 ( Object )
常指及物动词或介词后面使之意思完整的词或短语。 常由名词、代词、动词不定式或doing短语等充当。 例如： 1. She has finished doing the experiment. 2. We like English and are good at it.
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8.主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语 She is fond of this country. I was sick of lying in bed. They seem delighted with the result. 9.主语+系动词+形容词+不定式（原因状语） I’m happy to meet you. She was eager to see her people. 10.主语+系动词+形容词+宾语从句 I’m glad you have come. We’re not clear what they’re up to. I am not certain who he is. He’s doubtful whether he can afford it.
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6.主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式 We can’t let this go on. Did you notice him come in? 7.主语+及物动词+宾语+doing I saw her chatting with Nancy. I found a boy sleeping in class . You mustn’t leave the lights burning. 8.主语+及物动词+宾语+过去分词 He had his hair cut yesterday. You must make yourself respected. You have to get the computer repaired.
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五种基本句型
1. 主语+不及物动词 Everybody smiled. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 He knows everything. 3. 主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 I showed him my passport. 4. 主语+系动词+表语 The boy looks healthy. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 What made you angry?
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二 主语+及物动词+宾语
1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词) Do you know them? He loved ice-cream.
2. 主语+及物动词+反身代词 Now I will introduce myself. They blamed themselves for the accident.
sing,等。
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四 主语+系动词+表语
1.感官类：feel ,look, sound, taste, smell. 2.变化类：grow, become, turn, get, go 3.其他类：come true, fall ill , stay calm,
keep fit, remain seated, stand still seem sad, appear rich, prove useful
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三 主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+ 直接宾语
1.主语+双宾动词+人+物 She gave me her telephone number. (to) I’ll make you some fresh tea. (for) They bought him a new bike.
2.主语+双宾动词+人+从句 I have warned him that it is not allowed. She showed me where her leg hurt. Tell me whatever you know about it.
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5.主语+及物动词+从句 (做宾语) He claimed that he saw the accident. I suggested (that) we (should) leave early. Do you see why I did it? She asked if she might call and see me. I’ll do what I can. I don’t remember when that happened.
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7. 宾语补足语 ( Object Complement )
常指补充说明宾语的成分，逻辑上与宾语是“主谓” 关系。常由形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式 或分词短语等充当。 例如： 1. She keeps the house clean every day. 2. Nobody calls me a liar. 3. We last saw him playing on the playground.
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3.主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语 He put his books in order. This placed her in a very difficult position. She was placed in a very difficult position. 4.主语+及物动词+宾语+副词 She wished herself home. Don’t leave me behind. 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式 What do you advise me to do? I wish you to be happy. The teachers encourage us to keep trying.
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1.主语+系动词+形容词 How are you? I’m fine. He has fallen ill. They kept silent.
2.主语+系动词+名词 His dream has at last become a reality. He appeared a fool. It sounds a good idea.
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6. 状语 ( Adverbial )
常指修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分，修饰动词时 表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的或方式等；修饰 形容词或副词时表示它们的程度等。状语常由副词、 介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。 例如：1. The miners work very hard. 2. She often helps Mike at school. 3. Hearing the news, he couldn’t help jumping.
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3. 主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语) We can’t afford to pay such a price. You must try to improve. He forgot which way to go.
4.主语+及物动词+doing(做宾语) Would you mind waiting for a few minutes? I prefer standing. I propose resting for half an hour.