新型硅烷偶联剂的合成及其对有机硅密封胶性能的影响

2007 年 6 月 Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities June 2007文章编号：1003-9015(2007)03-0505-06

新型硅烷偶联剂的合成及其对有机硅密封胶性能的影响

徐晓明, 林薇薇, 高传花, 郑强

(浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系高分子合成与功能构造教育部重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310027)

摘要：合成出两种含氰基和仲胺基的新型硅烷偶联剂，分别用IR、1H-NMR和元素分析对其产物结构进行了表征。

研究了添加新型硅烷偶联剂对有机硅密封胶力学性能、粘接性能以及表面可修饰性的影响，并与传统的硅烷偶联剂进

行了对比。结果表明，在有机硅密封胶的制备配方中，适量添加该种新型硅烷偶联剂，可显著加快其交联速率，并大

幅度提高力学性能以及对混凝土、玻璃、铝的粘接强度。同时可显著改善有机硅密封胶的表面可修饰性。力学性能的

提高可用交联密度和分子间作用力来解释，而粘接性能和可涂覆性的改善则归因于极性氰基的作用。

关键词：有机硅；密封胶；硅烷偶联剂；力学性能；粘接性能

中图分类号：TQ314.246；TQ436.6；TQ433.438 文献标识码：A

Synthesis of Novel Silane Coupling Agent and its Coupling

Effects on Properties of Organosilicon Sealant

XU Xiao-ming, LIN Wei-wei, GAO Chuan-hua, ZHENG Qiang

( Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China )

Abstract:Two kinds of novel silane coupling agents containing cyano-group and m-amino group separately were synthesized through addition reaction by using traditional coupling agents DL-602 and KH-792 with acrylonitrile, respectively. The chemical structure of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR and element analysis. Effects of types and amounts of silane coupling agent on mechanical, adhesive, and surface paintable properties of organosilicon sealant were investigated. The results reveal that the novel silane coupling agents have advantages over traditional ones due to their stability and less active hydrogen atoms. Adding these agents as modifier agent during the preparation of organosilicon sealant could promote the rate of vulcanization, enhance the mechanical properties and adhesive properties with concrete, glass and aluminium. Meanwhile, surface paintable properties are also improved significantly. These effects can be attributed to the changes of crosslink density and molecular interactions or introduction of cyano-group. The former enhance the mechanical properties while the latter improves the adhesive properties and surface paintable properties.

Key words: organosilicon; sealant; silane coupling agent; mechanical properties; adhesive properties

1前言

由于综合性能优越，有机硅材料在航空、航天、电子电器、建筑、汽车机械、医疗卫生等方面有着广泛的应用[1~3]。其中，低模量高延伸率有机硅密封胶具有高弹性、良好的耐水性能、优异的伸缩恢复性，特别适用于桥梁、道路、机场跑道等混凝土伸缩缝的密封，已成为近年来研究的热点。表面可修饰性有机硅密封胶对涂料、油漆具有较好的可涂覆性，可应用于室内外需要装饰的部位，对建筑业和装饰业的发展具有重要的现实意义[4,5]。

收稿日期：2006-04-14；修订日期：2006-08-05。

基金项目：国家基础研究专项经费(2005 CB 623800)资助；国家自然科学基金项目(50373037)资助。

作者简介：徐晓明(1982-)，男，黑龙江佳木斯人，浙江大学博士生。通讯联系人：郑强，E-mail：zhengqiang@