中考英语知识点讲解 (6)
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You must keep your eyes ___c_lo_s_e_d_____(close) when I give out the paper. Remember not to watch. 解析:考查固定搭配。句意:当我发试卷的时候,你们必须闭上 眼睛。不要看哦。根据Remember not to watch“记得不要看哦”可 以推断出,发试卷的时候大家都要把眼睛闭上。keep …+形容词 “保持某一种状态”。closed“闭着的;合着的”。 答案: closed
初中英语
八年级上册 第6讲 Units 3-4
1
考点 1:win与beat 考点 2: as long as 的用法 考点 3: close的用法 考点 4:watch sb. do sth.与watch sb. doing sth. 考点 5:for example与such as 考点 6: provide与offer
考点 3
1. close作为动词,既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。如:
She closed the door softly. 她轻轻地关上门。(及物动词) The street has been closed for two days. 这条街已被封闭两天了。(及物动词) The conference was closed on June 10. 会议于六月十日结束。(及物动词) The door closes quietly. 这门关起来不发出什么声音。(不及物动词) The post office closes at 6. 邮局六点关门。(不及物动词)
(宜昌中考)
—In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road. —It has _______ many nations a great chance to communicate.
A. offered B. supported C. included D. directed
2. offer侧重表示“愿意给予”,常用于offer sb. sth. /offer sth to sb. 或offer to do sth. 结构,后不能接宾语从句。如:
She offered me a cup of tea. 她给我端了杯茶。 He offered to go instead of me. 他主动提出代替我去。 3. give“给予;给”,是及物动词,常带双宾语,用于give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.结构中。如: Please give me a piece of paper. =Please give a piece of paper to me. 请给我一张纸。
2. beat既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。 (1)beat意为“赢;取胜;战胜”时,是及物动词。 后面跟的是竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。 如:
I beat John at chess yesterday. 昨天我和约翰下棋并赢了他。 We beat their team by 5∶4. 我们以五比四战胜了他们队。 I'll beat you to the top of that hill. 我们比赛谁先到山顶上,我要赢你。
解析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:赢得演讲比赛后, 鲍勃变得比以前更加自信。After“在……之后”是介词, 介词后加名词、代词或动名词。win“赢”是动词,其动 名词形式为winning。 答案: winning
考点 2
as...as 和……一样。如 as long as 可意为“与……一样长”, 用于肯定句或否定句,而 so long as 只用于否定句。
2. watch sb. doing sth.强调看到某人正在做某事,或者强调动作正在进 行。如:
I love to watch the monkeys climbing up trees. 我喜欢看猴子爬树。 (强调的是喜欢看猴子爬上树的这一个动作过程) When I walked past the garden, I couldn't help watching some butterflies dancing around flowers. 经过花园的时候,我忍不住凝 视蝴蝶在花间翩翩起舞。 (强调的是“走过”花园那一刻,看见蝴蝶飞舞)
解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:—在过去的五年内,中国在 “一带一路”中扮演着重要的角色。—它给很多国家提供了一个 交流的好机会。联系上句“中国在‘一带一路’中扮演着重要的 角色”和 a great chance to communicate“交流的好机会”可猜测, 它为很多国家“提供”了 一个交流的好机会。 答案: A
易错警示
含双宾语的(直接宾语+间接宾语)give的主动结构在变为被 动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个作为保留 宾语不动。一般多将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主 语,而将直接宾语作为保留宾语。如果间接宾语作为保留宾 语时,前面通常加介词to。如:
He gave me a book. 他给了我一本书。 →A book was given to me (by him). =I was given a book (by him).
B. as long as
C. as soon as
解析:考查连词用法辨析。句意:—为了继续深造,我真的想通过这 次考试。—亲爱的,相信自己!只要你集中精力去做,你的梦想就会 实现。根据Your dream will come true “你的梦想就会实现”和you put your heart into it “你集中精力去做”可知,后句是前句的条件。as long as“只要”,引导条件状语从句。 答案:B
问别人私人问题是不礼貌的,比如年龄和婚姻状况。 It’s bad manners to ask others personal questions, __s_u_c_h_a_s___ age and marriage.
解析:考查固定搭配。根据age and marriage“年龄和婚姻”可以 看出列举的不是一件事,且没有逗号,应该用such as。 答案: such as
It took three times as long as I had expected. 这件事比我预料的多花了两倍的(时间)。 It didn't take as/so long as I expected. 花的(时间)比我预料的少。
as/so long as 意为“只要”时,用于引导条件状语从句。如:
考点 4
1. watch sb. do sth.表示看到某人做某事,多用于经常性发生的事情或动作 (一般在句子中会有提示经常性动作的时间状语,如:often, always, usually等等)。如: I often watch the boys play basketball on the weekend. 周末,我经常看到男生打篮球。 (强调的是“经常”看到男生打球这件事情,而不是男生正在打球时 的某个上篮、投篮、运球的动作。)
2. close作为形容词,意为“近的;亲密的;狭小的”,另外还 有“关着的;合着的;紧握着的”之意,反义词是open,在句中 可以作表语,也可以作定语。如:
His house is close to the factory. 他家靠近该厂。(作表语) She is a close friend of theirs. 她是他们的挚友。 (作定语) His closed hands are wet. 他紧握着的手都湿了。 (作定语) Please pay close attention to where they go. 请密切注意他们将去何 处。(作定语)
(菏泽中考)
—I really want to pass the exam for further study.
—Believe in yourself, dear! Your dream will come true ____
you put your heart into it.
A. even if
考点 6
offer和provide都有“供给;提供”的意思,但用法不同。
1. provide指有远见,为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给;提 供”,可用于provide sb. (with sth.)或provide sth. (for sb.)结构。如: He persuaded other people to provide money or to give help. 他说服别人提供钱或给予帮助。 The school provided food for the students. 学校为学生提供伙食。 They provided us with all the books we need. 他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
I don’t care anything so/as long as she lets me be with her. 只要她让我和她在一起,我什么都不在乎。 You can take my car as/so long as you drive carefully. 你可以用我的汽车,只要你小心点儿开。 You may use my dictionary as/so long as you don't keep it too long. 你可以用我的词典,只要用的时间别太久。
考点 5
for example一般只以同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语, 用逗号隔开;such asso on连用。如: 1.Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.
举例说明,噪音就是一种污染。 2.China has many big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.中国有许多大城市,比如北京、上海、深圳等等。
(2)beat意为“跳动”时,是不及物动词。 如: Your heart no longer beats for me. 你的心不再为我而跳动。
(3)beat意为“吹打;敲打”时,是及物动词。如: The rain beat the window all night. 雨滴整夜敲打着窗户。
After __w_i_n_n_in_g__(win) the speech competition, Bob became more confident than before.
考点 1
派生
1. win意为“赢;获胜”,既是及物动词,也是不及物动词。作 为及物动词时,它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、 比赛、战争或运动等等。如:
He won the game at last. (及物动词) 最后,他赢得了这场比赛。 Mary won the first place in the competition. (及物动词) 玛丽在竞赛中获得了第一名。 I will win tomorrow. 明天我一定会赢。(不及物动词)