《医学生化》PPT课件
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Harper’s illustrated biochemistry 26th edition
Charpter 18
Metabolism of Glycogen
h
1
1.Introduction and biomedical importance
2.Glycogen biosynthesis(glycogenesis)
h
16
(4) Hydrolysis of the 1→6 linkages requires the debranching enzyme forms free glucose.
h
17
糖原分解与合成的主要步骤及限速酶
h
18
h
19பைடு நூலகம்
4. Regulation of glycogen metabolism
carbohydrate in animals, corresponding to starch in plants. It is a branched polymer of α–D-glucose. It occurs mainly in liver and muscle
h
3
h
4
(2) Metabolism of Glycogen contains
h
12
Biosynthesis of glycogen
glycogen primer
h
13
3.Glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis is not the reverse of glycogenesis but is a separate pathway.
(1) Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes yield glucose 1-phosphate.
It is effected by a balance glycogen synthase and phosphorylase.
Glycogen synthase and phosphorylase activity are regulated by allosteric mechanisms and covalent modifications.
Cyclic AMP integrates the regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis
h
7
2.Glycogen biosynthesis (glycogenesis)
1. 概念 2. 合成部位 3. 过程
(1)
肝、肌肉和肾
hexokinase
glucose
glucokinase
glucose 6-phosphate,
h
8
2.Glycogen biosynthesis (glycogenesis)
UDPGlc pyrophosphorylase UDPG“活性的葡萄糖”
h
10
UDPG“活性的葡萄糖”
h
11
4: Glycogen synthase catalyzes the formation of a glycoside bond.
5: Branching involves detachment of existing glycogen chains.
Glycogenesis and Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis occurs mainly in muscle and liver.
Glycogenolysis is not the reverse of glycogenesis but is a separate pathway.
h
6
Glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen, leading to muscular weakness or even death.
2.
phosphoglucomutase
Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 1-phosphate
3: Synthesis a special nucleotide of glucose (uridine diphosphate glucose, UDPGlc).
h
9
酶：尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶
h
14
(2) glucose 6-phosphate can be formed from glucose 1-phosphate.
glucose 1- Glucose-6- phosphoglucomutase
phosphate.
phosphate
h
15
(3)In liver and kidney 6-phosphateglucose
h
5
biomedical importance
* Muscle glycogen is a readily available source of glucose for glycolysis within the muscle itself.
* Liver glycogen functions to store and export glucose to maintain blood glucose between meals. It can be used 8-12 hours after fasting.
glucose
glucose-6-phosphatase
glucose that is exported, leading to an increase in the blood glucose concentration.
In muscle, there is NOT glucose-6-phosphatase
3.Glycogenolysis
4.Cyclic AMP integrates the regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis
h
2
Introduction
(1).What is Glycogen? Glycogen is the major storage
Charpter 18
Metabolism of Glycogen
h
1
1.Introduction and biomedical importance
2.Glycogen biosynthesis(glycogenesis)
h
16
(4) Hydrolysis of the 1→6 linkages requires the debranching enzyme forms free glucose.
h
17
糖原分解与合成的主要步骤及限速酶
h
18
h
19பைடு நூலகம்
4. Regulation of glycogen metabolism
carbohydrate in animals, corresponding to starch in plants. It is a branched polymer of α–D-glucose. It occurs mainly in liver and muscle
h
3
h
4
(2) Metabolism of Glycogen contains
h
12
Biosynthesis of glycogen
glycogen primer
h
13
3.Glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis is not the reverse of glycogenesis but is a separate pathway.
(1) Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes yield glucose 1-phosphate.
It is effected by a balance glycogen synthase and phosphorylase.
Glycogen synthase and phosphorylase activity are regulated by allosteric mechanisms and covalent modifications.
Cyclic AMP integrates the regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis
h
7
2.Glycogen biosynthesis (glycogenesis)
1. 概念 2. 合成部位 3. 过程
(1)
肝、肌肉和肾
hexokinase
glucose
glucokinase
glucose 6-phosphate,
h
8
2.Glycogen biosynthesis (glycogenesis)
UDPGlc pyrophosphorylase UDPG“活性的葡萄糖”
h
10
UDPG“活性的葡萄糖”
h
11
4: Glycogen synthase catalyzes the formation of a glycoside bond.
5: Branching involves detachment of existing glycogen chains.
Glycogenesis and Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis occurs mainly in muscle and liver.
Glycogenolysis is not the reverse of glycogenesis but is a separate pathway.
h
6
Glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen, leading to muscular weakness or even death.
2.
phosphoglucomutase
Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 1-phosphate
3: Synthesis a special nucleotide of glucose (uridine diphosphate glucose, UDPGlc).
h
9
酶：尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶
h
14
(2) glucose 6-phosphate can be formed from glucose 1-phosphate.
glucose 1- Glucose-6- phosphoglucomutase
phosphate.
phosphate
h
15
(3)In liver and kidney 6-phosphateglucose
h
5
biomedical importance
* Muscle glycogen is a readily available source of glucose for glycolysis within the muscle itself.
* Liver glycogen functions to store and export glucose to maintain blood glucose between meals. It can be used 8-12 hours after fasting.
glucose
glucose-6-phosphatase
glucose that is exported, leading to an increase in the blood glucose concentration.
In muscle, there is NOT glucose-6-phosphatase
3.Glycogenolysis
4.Cyclic AMP integrates the regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis
h
2
Introduction
(1).What is Glycogen? Glycogen is the major storage