语料库语言学教学方法DDL

Table 1: interesting in NNS and NS writing NNS Frequency/100, 000 words Number of occurrence “It is interesting to (notice/note)” Intensification Coordination 22 44 41 7 NS 5 1 3 0
The instructional approaches (1): Top-down
The native data as evidence of how target language is used
Advantages: authenticity, potential for making patterns salient, and drawing attention to collocational features.
Information :
In English, non-count noun; in French, count noun
duce almost an entire page of informations on the history a asting scientific and technic informations. A multitudinal sales and can also have more informations of the market. Wi
Corpus-based analysis of learner interlanguage
L1 transfer
The research
The research data:
essays of similar length and subjects, written by the students at the same level in an English-speaking university (170,000 words) and a French-speaking university.
Learners tend to use verb frames of the type play/have an important role, whereas native speakers prefer equivalence constructions such as is/are an important role.
Disadvantages: 1) A native speaker corpus might not be realistic and desirable model for foreign language learners. native-like proficiency? Very few people 2) context-dependent: Unless corpus examples are filtered in someway, many of the contexts are likely to be linguistically and culturally bewildering(迷惑人的）for the language leaner. 3) Data from a large native-speaker corpus frequently contain instances of language usage that run counter to commonly used pedagogical rules.
The context of use of Present Perfect( 现在完成时）
The text has been written in Middle English. “The present perfect refers to an action which occurred in the past but which is still true at the moment we are speaking. The present perfect is used because the text is still written in Middle English.” —— explanation offered by the French-speaking student
has to transmit, to broadcast informations of any types as m in his heart. Most of these constructions allow to bring informations, and especially d informations about the utterer
Count-like uses Total: 280 hits 16 plural, occur overwhelmingly in contexts of quantification
incredible and rich source of informations about the traditions t needs further evidences and informations to be fully under cey Morris, need some precise information on the creature esents an essential source of refers to presuppositions or to have access to scientific ld write or telephone to ask informations for manufacturer informations already mentioned informations. Another fiel informations. It is a commerci.
The instructional objective Learner Competence: Explicit meta-language instruction Raw input and selected input
Rule-driven
Data-driven
Top-down: drawing data from a native speaker corpus to provide evidence of target usage to increase learners awareness of the language. Bottom-up: drawing data from a learner corpus and using the learners’ own productions as a starting point for error correction and gradual enrichment.
Gu Jing May, 15th 2013
Agenda
1. The instructional objective
2. The instructional approaches: Top-down approach Bottom-up approach 3. Research and its application in teaching 4. Conclusions
Figure 2 Anomalous countable uses of informations
n enables the speaker to give an information and express er, or even for himself, when an information is hardly acce , rmation which is ne ow it, psychologically it is an old information. From thi
d violence mean ? All these “ informations” come from the s
h you can find every sorts of informations. But I think it not to give the origin of his informations and his own concl
2o are associated with an indefinite article, an[…]information 20+16(plural)=36 36/280=13%
humans must. “ It is
r psychology (the referent is an old information. Gre riding Hood. “of” introduces an additional information as i stitutes is nothing more than an old information. Therefore es beyond it as it is no more a new information. And, the sa ntrary here refers forward to a following information of ind
Intensification: (very ,particularly, more) interesting Coordination: relevant and interesting
Table 2: important in NNS and NS writing NNS Frequency/100, 000 words Collocations(R) Coordination(L) 86 role(26); part(19) thing(15); point(6) Play(22); have(21) “It is important to (note, etc) 69 NS 83 15 factor(6);changes(6) even(5); part (5) be
Figure 1: Examples of present and past perfect used with a past tense marker
The instructional approaches (2): Bottom-up
Bottom-up uses of data from a learner corpus offer the advantage of starting from what learners are trying to express with the language in order to make them aware of the deviant uses and help them to correct them. Advantage: to sensitize learners to patterns and associations in future output. Practical question: What discrepancies shall we attend to? (我们应当关注学习者 的语料和母语者语料哪些方面的区别？） A clear idea of the kinds of diffuse error in learner production Idiosyncratic associations （异常搭配） Underuse（不充分使用） Overuse (滥用）