基因检测显示更多的乳腺癌患者可以跳过化疗

基因检测显示更多的乳腺癌患者可以跳过化疗

The majority of women with a common form of breast cancer may be able to skip chemotherapy after surgery, based on their score on a genetic test, researchers said Sunday.

研究人员周日称，大多数女性患乳腺癌的常见形式可能会在手术后跳过化疗，基于他们在基因检测中的得分。

As many as 65,000 women in the United States alone could be impacted by the study, described as the largest breast cancer trial to date, released at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting in Chicago.

据美国临床肿瘤学会年会在芝加哥举行的年度会议上公布，迄今为止美国最大的乳腺癌试验称，仅美国就有65,000名妇女受到这项研究的影响。

Until now, women have faced a great deal of uncertainty about whether to add chemo to hormone therapy after a diagnosis with hormone-receptor positive, HER-2 negative breast cancer when found at an early stage before it has spread to the lymph nodes.

到目前为止，在激素受体阳性，HER-2阴性乳腺癌诊断后，如果在早期阶段发现HER-2阴性乳腺癌已经扩散到淋巴结之前，她们是否需要加入化疗来激素治疗尚存在很大的不确定性。

With results of this ground-breaking study, we now can safely avoid chemotherapy in about 70 percent of patients who are diagnosed with the most common form of breast cancer, said co-author Kathy Albain, an oncologist at Loyola Medicine.

“由于这项开创性研究的结果，我们现在可以安全地避免大约70%被诊断为乳腺癌最常见形式的患者进行化疗，”Loyola Medicine的肿瘤学家Kathy Albain说道。

For countless women and their doctors, the days of uncertainty are over.

“对于无数女性和他们的医生来说，不确定性的时代已经结束。”

A 21-gene test called Oncotype Dx that has been around since 2004 has helped guide some decisions, post-surgery.

一项名为Oncotype Dx的21基因检测自2004年以来一直在帮助指导手术后的一些决定。

A high recurrence score, above 25, means chemo is advised to ward off a recurrence while a low score, below 10, means it is not.

高于25的高复发评分意味着建议化疗避免复发，而低于10分的低分则意味着不复发。

The current study involved more than 10,000 women and focused on those whose scores were in the middle range, from 11 to 25.

目前的研究涉及超过10,000名女性，并关注那些分数在11-25的中间范围内的女性。

Patients, aged 18 to 75, were randomly assigned to receive chemotherapy followed by hormonal therapy or hormone therapy alone.

18至75岁的患者被随机分配接受化疗，然后单独接受激素治疗或激素治疗。

Then, researchers studied the outcomes, including whether or not cancer recurred, and overall survival.

然后，研究人员研究结果，包括癌症是否复发以及总体生存。

For the entire study population with gene test scores between 11 and 25 -- and especially among women aged 50 to 75 -- there was no significant difference between the chemotherapy and no chemotherapy groups, said the findings, published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

“对于基因检测得分在11-25之间的整个研究人群- 尤其是50-75岁的女性- 在化疗组和无化疗组之间没有显着差异，”研究结果发表在“新英格兰杂志”上医学。

The results show that all women over 50 with a recurrence score of 0 to 25 can be spared chemotherapy and its toxic side effects.

结果显示，50岁以上的复发评分为0至25分的所有女性都可以免除化疗及其毒副作用。

For women under 50 with a score of 0 to 15, chemo could be skipped.

对于50岁以下的0到15分的女性，可以跳过化疗。

However, among younger women with scores 16 to 25, outcomes were slightly better in the chemotherapy group, so in those cases doctors may urge patients to consider a chemo regimen.

然而，在16至25分的年轻女性中，化疗组的结果略好，因此在这些情况下，医生可能会敦促患者考虑化疗方案。

The results "should have a huge impact on doctors and patients," Albain said.

结果“应该对医生和患者产生巨大的影响，”Albain说。