高中英语被动语态专项练习课件
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2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时， 通常变为主语的是间接宾语（sb.）
His mother gave him a present for his birthday He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时， 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.
4. He is drawing a picture. __A__p_ic_t_u_r_e_i_s_b_e_in__g_d_r_a_w__n_ by him.
5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _Y__o_u_r_h_o_m__e_w_o_r_k__m_a_y__b_e_h__a_n_d_e_d_i_nby you tomorrow.
2）一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于 句型 “It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去 分词＋to do sth.”。有： It is said that… 据说, It is reported that…据报道， It is believed that…大家相信 ，It is hoped that…大家希望， It is well known that…众所周知， It is thought that…大家认为， It is suggested that…据建议。 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam
＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam
5、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来 的时态。如：She often cleans the house.
The house is often cleaned by her.
our environment. • 7, She is going to take all the books there. • 8, We can clean our room this afternoon. • 9, They must do their homework today. • 10, We have to finish the work taday.
6)was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时
Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
3) n. + be + adj. + to do… The question is not easy to answer.
课堂练习 （一）改写句子
1. We plant trees in spring every year. _T_r_e_e_s_a_r_e__p_la_n_t_e_d__ by us in spring every year.
二、某些与 can’t won’t 等连用的不及物动 词，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主动 形式表达被动意义。如：
1盒子不能移动。 The box can’t move. 2门不会关。 The door won’t shut.
三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能 的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主动形式表 达被动意义. 如:
• 1, She ceaned all the desks today. • 2,We bought our new TV in this shop. • 3, People planted 5000 trees there. • 4, The teacher told him to do it again. • 5, We will build a new school here. • 6, We are going to raise money for protecting
• 1, We have finished all that work taday. • 2, He has returned all the books to him. • 3, They are cleaning the room now. • 4, She is selling the green apples. • 5, We saw him go there by himself. • 6, She makes her son read English every
2. 在“系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中， 常见句型有：
1) n. +be + too + adj. + to do… The plane is too high to see.
2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to do… The book is cheap enough for me to buy.
5)had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing.
• 1 We clean our classroom every day. • 2, People prodoce tea in the south. • 3, She waters the flowers twice a week. • 4 , They sell good bikes in this shop. • 5, Ordinary people cause a lot of air pollution. • 6, Teachers teach English in our school • 时态 单复数 用不用 by 短语 理解
morning. • 7, She ______ ( tell) to go there yesterday. • 8, The boy ______ ( take ) to the hospital
at once. • 9, The work must _____ ( do ) this week.
The meeting is to be put off till Friday
一、系动词 taste, smell, feel, sound, prove 等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:
1这些花闻起来很香。 These flowers smell sweet. 2那听起来很有道理。 That sounds very reasonable. 3那食物尝起来很可口。 The food tastes delicious.
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4)was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide.
This kind of food sells well. 这种食物畅销。
This cloth washes well and lasts long. 这布料经洗、耐穿。
The floor doesn’t clean easily. 这地板不容易弄干净。
五、形容词 worth 后面要用动名词的主 动形式表示被动意义。如：
1小说值得一读。 The novel is worth reading. 2事情值得做。 The thing is worth doing.
四、在动词 require, need, want 等动词之 后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
1树需要浇水。 The trees need watering. 2孩子需要照顾。 Children want looking after. 3电视机需要修理。
8. Her bag cannot be found by her. __S_h_e_c_a_n_n_o_t_f_i_n_d___ her bag.
9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _I_s_s_h_e_o_f_t_e_n_h_e_a_r_d__to__s_in_g____Russian songs by you?
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building
=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组， 如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等， 也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体， 不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
6. She is going to write a letter. _A__l_e_tt_e_r_i_s_g_o_i_n_g_t_o_b_e__w_r_i_tt_e_n_ by her.
7. I have given you the new book. _T_h__e_n_e_w__b_o_o_k__h_a_s_b_e_e_n__gi_v_e_n_ to you.
Someone caught the boy smoking aas caught smoking a cigarette.
4）在使役动词have, make, get以及 感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等变为被动结构时，要加to
被动语态
一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和
谓语动词之间的关系。 二、语态的种类： （1）主动语态 （2）被动语态 三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？ 四、被动语态的构成：(八种时态下的被动语态）
be + 及物动词的过去分词 can/may/must…+ be +过去分词
8） should/would be done 过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
被动语态的特殊结构形式 1）带情态动词的被动结构 其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2. She posted the letter yesterday. __T_h_e_l_e_tt_e_r_w__a_s_p_o_s_t_e_d_ by her yesterday.
3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. __I_w_a_s__g_iv_e_n_____a birthday present by Mr Turner.
The TV needs mending.
六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：
1. 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成 动宾关系时，如：
我有许多事情要做。 I have a lot of things to do. 他有几项任务要完成。 He has several tasks to complete.
His mother gave him a present for his birthday He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时， 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.
4. He is drawing a picture. __A__p_ic_t_u_r_e_i_s_b_e_in__g_d_r_a_w__n_ by him.
5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _Y__o_u_r_h_o_m__e_w_o_r_k__m_a_y__b_e_h__a_n_d_e_d_i_nby you tomorrow.
2）一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于 句型 “It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去 分词＋to do sth.”。有： It is said that… 据说, It is reported that…据报道， It is believed that…大家相信 ，It is hoped that…大家希望， It is well known that…众所周知， It is thought that…大家认为， It is suggested that…据建议。 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam
＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam
5、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来 的时态。如：She often cleans the house.
The house is often cleaned by her.
our environment. • 7, She is going to take all the books there. • 8, We can clean our room this afternoon. • 9, They must do their homework today. • 10, We have to finish the work taday.
6)was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时
Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
3) n. + be + adj. + to do… The question is not easy to answer.
课堂练习 （一）改写句子
1. We plant trees in spring every year. _T_r_e_e_s_a_r_e__p_la_n_t_e_d__ by us in spring every year.
二、某些与 can’t won’t 等连用的不及物动 词，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主动 形式表达被动意义。如：
1盒子不能移动。 The box can’t move. 2门不会关。 The door won’t shut.
三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能 的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主动形式表 达被动意义. 如:
• 1, She ceaned all the desks today. • 2,We bought our new TV in this shop. • 3, People planted 5000 trees there. • 4, The teacher told him to do it again. • 5, We will build a new school here. • 6, We are going to raise money for protecting
• 1, We have finished all that work taday. • 2, He has returned all the books to him. • 3, They are cleaning the room now. • 4, She is selling the green apples. • 5, We saw him go there by himself. • 6, She makes her son read English every
2. 在“系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中， 常见句型有：
1) n. +be + too + adj. + to do… The plane is too high to see.
2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to do… The book is cheap enough for me to buy.
5)had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing.
• 1 We clean our classroom every day. • 2, People prodoce tea in the south. • 3, She waters the flowers twice a week. • 4 , They sell good bikes in this shop. • 5, Ordinary people cause a lot of air pollution. • 6, Teachers teach English in our school • 时态 单复数 用不用 by 短语 理解
morning. • 7, She ______ ( tell) to go there yesterday. • 8, The boy ______ ( take ) to the hospital
at once. • 9, The work must _____ ( do ) this week.
The meeting is to be put off till Friday
一、系动词 taste, smell, feel, sound, prove 等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:
1这些花闻起来很香。 These flowers smell sweet. 2那听起来很有道理。 That sounds very reasonable. 3那食物尝起来很可口。 The food tastes delicious.
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4)was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide.
This kind of food sells well. 这种食物畅销。
This cloth washes well and lasts long. 这布料经洗、耐穿。
The floor doesn’t clean easily. 这地板不容易弄干净。
五、形容词 worth 后面要用动名词的主 动形式表示被动意义。如：
1小说值得一读。 The novel is worth reading. 2事情值得做。 The thing is worth doing.
四、在动词 require, need, want 等动词之 后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
1树需要浇水。 The trees need watering. 2孩子需要照顾。 Children want looking after. 3电视机需要修理。
8. Her bag cannot be found by her. __S_h_e_c_a_n_n_o_t_f_i_n_d___ her bag.
9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _I_s_s_h_e_o_f_t_e_n_h_e_a_r_d__to__s_in_g____Russian songs by you?
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building
=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组， 如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等， 也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体， 不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
6. She is going to write a letter. _A__l_e_tt_e_r_i_s_g_o_i_n_g_t_o_b_e__w_r_i_tt_e_n_ by her.
7. I have given you the new book. _T_h__e_n_e_w__b_o_o_k__h_a_s_b_e_e_n__gi_v_e_n_ to you.
Someone caught the boy smoking aas caught smoking a cigarette.
4）在使役动词have, make, get以及 感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等变为被动结构时，要加to
被动语态
一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和
谓语动词之间的关系。 二、语态的种类： （1）主动语态 （2）被动语态 三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？ 四、被动语态的构成：(八种时态下的被动语态）
be + 及物动词的过去分词 can/may/must…+ be +过去分词
8） should/would be done 过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
被动语态的特殊结构形式 1）带情态动词的被动结构 其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2. She posted the letter yesterday. __T_h_e_l_e_tt_e_r_w__a_s_p_o_s_t_e_d_ by her yesterday.
3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. __I_w_a_s__g_iv_e_n_____a birthday present by Mr Turner.
The TV needs mending.
六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：
1. 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成 动宾关系时，如：
我有许多事情要做。 I have a lot of things to do. 他有几项任务要完成。 He has several tasks to complete.