前臂肌肉解剖

The deep muscles of the forearm comprise of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus.
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For further details click on each of the individual muscles.
GROSS ANATOMY OF THE FOREARM
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Bones of the forearm. Superficial muscles of the anterior compartment. Deep muscles of the anterior compartment. Arteries and nerves of the anterior compartment. Superficial muscles of the posterior compartment. Deep muscles of the posterior compartment. Arteries and nerves of the posterior compartment.
Flexor digitorum superficialis.
Origin:Humeroulnar head: Medial epicondyle of the humerus and the medial margin of the coronoid process of the ulna. Radial head: Rising from the oblique line on the anterior surface of the shaft of the radius. Flexor digitorum superficialis. Insertion:- The muscle belly gives rise to four tendons distally. Each of the tendon attaches to the sides of the middle phalanx指骨,趾骨 of the four medial finger. Nerve supply:- Median nerve, C8 and T1. Action:- Flexes the middle phalanx of fingers. Flexes the proximal phalanx of fingers (weak). Flexes the wrist.
Humerus Head Tuberosity of radius Ulna
Interosseous membrane Radius
Head
Fig 1. Anterior view of bones of the forearm.
总体记忆
• • • • • • • • 前臂共有18块肌肉 前臂共有18块肌肉 18 分为屈肌与伸肌二部分 屈肌8 屈肌8块 前臂屈肌 分为浅层与深层 浅层有5 浅层有5块 屈肌8块 伸肌10块 深层有3 深层有3块 伸肌10 10块 伸肌10块 浅5 深5 浅5 深3 浅深各5 浅深各5块
FOR FURTHER DETAILS CLICK ON EACH INDIVIDUAL MUSCLE BELOW.
1. 4 2. 3. 4.
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis
Acknowledgements
Bones of the forearm
The radius proximally articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint. Distally it articulates with the scaphoid and lunate bones of the carpus, and with the ulna at the distal radioulnar joint. The ulna is the more medial of the two bones. Its proximal end articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint. Distally it articulates with the radius. It is excluded from the wrist joint by the articular disc. The interosseous membrane bind the radius and the ulna together.
前臂8 前臂8块屈肌
浅层5 浅层5块 旋前圆肌 桡侧屈腕肌 掌长肌 指浅屈肌 尺侧屈腕肌
Superficial muscles of the anterior compartment. Title page.
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Brachioradialis
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The superficial muscles of the anterior compartment include pronator teres旋前圆肌, flexor carpi radialis桡侧腕屈肌, palmaris longus掌长肌, and flexor carpi ulnaris. Also included in this group is flexor digitorum superficialis. The superficial group of muscles all have the same origin, which is attached to the medial epicondyle of the humerus 肱骨内上髁.
Fig 4. Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris and palmaris longus
Palmaris longus Pronator teres Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis
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Fig 3. Pronator teres.
Pronator teres
Radius
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*Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor
carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis Origin:- Medial epicondyle of the humerus. Insertion:- Base of the second and third metacarpal bones. Nerve supply:- Median nerve, C6 and C7. Action:- Flexes the hand at the wrist joint. Abducts the hand at the wrist joint. Palmaris longus Origin:- Medial epicondyle of the humerus. Insertion:- Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis. Nerve supply:- Median nerve, C7 and C8 Action:- Flexes the hand at wrist joint. Flexor carpi ulnaris. Origin:Humeral head- Medial epicondyle of the humerus. Ulnar head- Medial aspect of the olecranon鹰嘴( process of the ulna and the posterior border of the ulna. • Insertion:• Pisiform bone豌豆状的, hook of the hamate, and base of the fifth metacarpal bone. Nerve supply:- The ulnar nerve, C7, C8, and T1. Action:- Flexes the hand at wrist joint. Adducts the hand at wrist joint
Tendon oห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ carpi flexor radialis (cut)
1. Flexor digitorum profundus. 2. Flexor pollicis longus. Pronator quadratus not shown.
Fig 6. Deep muscles of the anterior compartment.
Fig 5. Flexor digitorum superficialis.
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前臂8 前臂8块屈肌
深层3 深层3块 指深屈肌 拇长屈肌 旋前方肌
Deep Muscles of the anterior compartment. Title page
Brachioradialis (cut)
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Flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus
Flexor pollicis longus Origin:- Middle of the anterior surface of the shaft of the radius and from the adjoining part of the interosseous membrane. Insertion:- The tendon passes distally through the carpal tunnel and attaches to the distal phalanx of the thumb. Nerve supply:- The anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Action:- Flexes the phalanges of the thumb. Flexor digitorum profundus深的 深的 Origin:- Upper three-quarters of the anteriomedial shaft of the ulna. Insertion:- The muscle divides into four tendons just prior to traversing the carpal tunnel. They attach to the distal phalanx of the four fingers. Nerve supply:- The medial part is supplied by the ulnar nerve, the lateral portion is supplied by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve, C8 and T1. Action:- Flexes the finger. Exclusive flexor of the distal phalanx. Weak flexor of the wrist.
The pronator teres has two heads, the humeral head and the ulnar head. The median nerve 正中神经enters the forearm between the two heads. Origin :Humeral head- Medial epicondyle of the humerus. Ulnar head- Medial border of the coronoid process冠突,冠状突of the ulna. Insertion附着 :附着 Lateral aspect of the shaft of the radius. Nerve supply :- Median nerve, C6 and C7. Action :- Pronation of the forearm. Flexion of the forearm.
Palmaris longus (not included in the diagram).
Fig 2. Showing superficial muscles of the posterior compartment.
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Pronator Teres[5te7ri:z]