美国南加州爱迪生电力公司智能电网示范工程

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Step voltage regulator
Biblioteka Baidu
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© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
6/13
Previous APEP Related Research
APEP Circuit Analyses: Calculating Voltage Regulation
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
5/13
Previous APEP Related Research
APEP Circuit Analyses/Simulation - Existing Voltage Regulators
Substation: • Load tap changing (LTC) ( C) autotransformer: f
2
MacArthur sub 4 5 6
2 7
UCI
3
~30 Smart Homes
University Hills
4
5 1
5
Arnold 12kV
7
3
5 7
Rommel 12kV
Newport Beach
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
3/13
Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration (ISGD)
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
7/13
Previous APEP Related Research
APEP Power Electronics Research • Essential to enable “smart grid” • Integrate sensing, actuation, communication Communications & Logic most and interface in one “box” likely • New N l logic i with ith limited li it d new hardware h d incorporated into Smart Inverter
* above 2005 Title 24 level † includes in-home displays, p y p programmable, g controllable thermostats, energy gy management g systems, smart appliances, Edison SmartConnectTM meters EVSE – electric vehicle supply equipment PEV – plug-in electric vehicle PV – photo-voltaic h t lt i
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10% DG Penetration: No Distributed Generation (DG) Case:
1.06 1.05 1.04 Light Load Heavy Load
1.13 1 13
Voltage (p.u.)
V Vmax max
1.11 1.09 1.07 1 05 1.05 1.03 1.01 0.99 0.97 0 97 0.95 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
UCI Advanced Power and Energy Program roles: • Task 1: Smart Grid Design Simulation and Modeling
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Subtask 1.1: Design simulation & analysis of smart circuit technology Subtask 1.2: Coordination & support of SCE technology development Subtask 2.1: Deployed Smart Grid Circuit Model(s) Subtask 2.2: Impedance, Current, Power (ZIP) Load Model Evaluation Subtask 2.3: Greenhouse Gas and Energy Savings Analyses Subtask S bt k 3.1: 31 C Community it S Smart tG Grid id Technology T h l Implementation I l t ti Subtask 3.2: Support UCI Campus Energy Storage Implementation Subtask 3.3: Support pp UCI Campus p “CarShade” Installation Subtask 3.4: Support Acquisition of Electric Vehicles Subtask 3.5: Purchase, Own and Manage PV Installation
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Provide reactive power near to loads Typically switched on/off Autotransformer located midway on circuit Can raise/lower voltage g with LDC
Substation voltage changes due to load drop compensation
1.06 1.05 1.04 Light Load Heavy Load
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Sets substation voltage Estimates voltage drop in circuit Actively changes substation voltage setpoint p with load intensity y
Voltage (p.u u.)
1.03 1 03 1.02 1.01 1 0.99 0.98 0 2 4 Light Load Heavy Load 6 8
Max Min
V Vmin min
Distance (mi)
Penetration Factor
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Penetration Factor = DG capacity / Circuit base i.e., 7 MW base circuit: • 0 1 penetration 0.1 t ti = 700 kW of f DG • 1.0 penetration = 7 MW of DG
Inverter-only Invertery design g is insufficient to compensate harmonics
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
8/13
Previous APEP Related Research
APEP Baseline interconnection case: • Examine inverter inverter-load relationship • Ideal loadload-following DG • Inverter Inverter-only • Follow real nonnon-linear load (building demand) • Assume Pgrid g = 10kW
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Task 2: Smart Grid Impacts and Performance Assessment
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Task 3: Smart Grid Technology Implementation
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© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
1/13
Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration (ISGD)
Project Team led by Southern California Edison (SCE): • Boeing Company – systems integration, secure network • GE – advanced appliances, EMS, smart inverters • A123 Systems – battery storage • SunPower Corp. – solar photovoltaic systems • Itron Inc. – SmartConnect SmartConnect™ ™ metering infrastructure • EPRI – analysis, simulation, data acquisition • UC Irvine –energy conversion device testing, optimization and benefits analysis, analysis faculty housing coordination • USC – DARPnet security and interoperability protocols • Cal Poly Pomona – curriculum development
© Advanced Power and Energy Program, 2010
2/13
Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration (ISGD)
I. Energy Smart Customer Devices 1. Zero Net Energy (ZNE) Homes 2. PEV Charging at Work II Y2020 Distribution II. System Irvine 3. Distribution Circuit Constraint Management Using Energy Storage 4. Enhanced Volt/VAR Control 5. Self Healing Distribution Circuits 6. Deep Grid Situational Awareness III. Secure Energy Internet (SENet) 7. End-to-End cyber security and interoperability 5 7
Voltage (p.u.) V
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Load drop p compensation p (LDC): ( )
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1.03 1.02 1.01 1
Along Distribution Circuit: • Capacitor C it b banks k
0.99 0.98 0 2 4 6 8
Distance (mi)
Introduction to the Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration (ISGD “is good”) Project
Igniting Technology Event: Calit2
Jack Brouwer Brouwer, Ph Ph.D. D
November 10, 2010
4/13
Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration (ISGD)
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Evolution of Energy Efficiency Technologies in ISGD
Energy Effi i Efficiency Level* 35% 55% 65% Home A Area Network† Yes Yes Yes PV Yes Yes Yes EVSE Yes Yes PEV (noncommunicating) Yes Yes Home Storage Yes Yes PEV ( (communicating) Yes # of Homes ~10 ~10 ~10 ~10 10 Test Case Control 2012 2015 2020 2020ZNE