宾语从句讲解课件

连 接 词
陈述语序
时态呼应
that if/whether 特殊疑问词 连接词+主语+谓 语+其他
1.（that ）+ 陈述句 He thinks, “ Lucy likes school.” He thinks (that）Lucy likes school. 2. if/whether + 一般疑问句改写的陈述句 He asked,“Was Lucy late again?” He asked if Lucy was late again. 3.特殊疑问词 + 特殊疑问句改写的陈述句 子 He asks me, “When will Lucy come ?” He asks me when Lucy will come.
练一练
１．当陈述句充当宾语时，由 that ____ 连接 主句
1. This is a book.----- I know 2. You like singing.-----She says 3. He worked last night.--- I know 4. They will go home.---Tell Lucy
Mainly Revision
Object Clauses
宾语从句
一．教学任务 二．教学重点
复习宾语从句
1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句中的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化
三.教学难点 1. if与whether的区别 2.宾语从句与简单句的互换
问题一: 什么是宾语? 宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系 的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置 于及物动词或介词（动词词组）后。 I like my teacher. （名词作宾语） I know him. （代词作宾语） How is he getting along with his English? I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I am interested in playing piano. I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）.
确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
主句时态 从 句 时 态 连 接 后 连 接 前 一般现在时 时态由从句决定 work 一般现在时work 一般过去时 worked 一般过去时 一般将来时will work 现在进行时is working 一般过去时worked 过去完成时had worked 过去将来时would work 过去进行时was working
问题二: 什么是宾语从句?
试比较
简单句 We know him． 主s 谓v 宾o We know he likes English. 复合句 主s
谓v
主s
谓v
宾o
宾o
宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语
Find out the Object Clauses
Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.
三. 宾语从句的语序---陈述语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是 运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在 后”的顺序。
Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.
四.宾语从句的时态变化
填一填
I hear (that)
Jim was ( be ) a worker two years ago. Jim is ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim will cook ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . Jim is singing ( sing )a popular song now. Jim has been ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim was playing ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim had learned ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.
练一练
• 注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况 • 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下 情况 只能用whether： 1. 与or not连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming. 2. 在介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain. 3. 在不定式之前： We haven’t decided whether to go there. 4.作主语只能用whether Whether he will come is not decided.
if/whether 连接 ２当一般疑问句充当宾语，由________ (1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know． I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student. (2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?
5.Do you know how much hot water C A．Mum is needed B．does Mum need C．Mum needs D．did Mum need
?
6.Can you tell me A．where he is C．he is where
A
? B．where is he D．what is he
1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限 制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）
辨一辨
1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.
现在完成时have worked 过去完成时had worked
比一比 He told me (that) Summer is after Spring . I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news. 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的真理时， 就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现 在时态。（特殊性原则）
C 7.I want to know how long . A．has he been back B．has he come back C．he has been back D．he has come back
解题指导二：陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语，
8.I thought he ____to see his mother Ｄ if he _____time. A．will go…has B．will go …will have C．would go …would have D．would go …had
练一练
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know … 2.I want to know … 3. Can you tell me …
1. When does he get up ? 2. How did he go to work? 3. Who will Tom play with?
Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know … 2.I wanห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ to know …
1. Is he reading ? 1）Was she late yesterday? if/whether 2. Does Tom work hard? 2) Did you watch TV ? 3. Will they read books ? 3) Can you sing ?
I don’t know if he will come tonight.
Let’s find out what’s on tonight .
We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .
二、宾语从句三要素
特殊疑问词 3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 ________ 连接．
Eg:
1.What is she doing? Can you tell me? Can you tell me what she is doing? 2.Where does she live? Do you know? Do you know where she lives?
练一练 1.I don’t know what I shall do next .(变为简单句 → I don’t know ____________next . What to do 2.John didn’t decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句） which book to buy → John didn’t decide_____________ . 3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变 为复合句） how I can get to the bus → Can you tell me ____________ stop ? 4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合 句） how she can use the MP5. →Can you tell Lucy_____________
1) He would go to Hong Kong . 2) He was sick. 3) He was reading a book . 4) He had finished his work.
He said
2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须 运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句 和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）
Exercises:
A we get to the 1.Could you tell me place? A．how B．whether C．where D．what 2.The teacher says C she will leave a message on the headmaster’s desk. A．if B．who C．that D．what 3.I am not sure ____ B he will come tomorrow. A. that B. if C. what D. who A he came? 4.---Do you remember ___ ---Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词
五.宾语从句与简单句的转换
比一比 ① I don’t know where I should go.② Tell me how I can do it. I don’t know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么发现？ 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 ←→疑问词 + to do 的简单句。