西方思想经典 复习资料

Leviticus 利未记Numbers 民数记Deuteronomy 申命记

Genesis 创世记Exodus 出埃及记

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John

Hebrew patriarchs(创始人)：Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

God formed man of the dust of the Ground, and breathed into his nostrils(鼻孔) the breathe of life, and man became a living soul.

The Acts of the Apostles 使徒行传

The Epistles 使教书信

The Revelation 启示录

Gospel According to Matthew –New Testament

Beatitudes(八福词)

Blessed are the poor in spirit; Blessed are they that mourn(哀悼); Blessed are the meek(温驯)；Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness; Blessed are the merciful; Blessed are the pure in heart(清心寡欲)；Blessed are the peace-maker; Blessed are they which persecuted for righteousness’s sake.

Salt and light 将真信徒比作盐和光

House upon a rock 聪明的人把房子建在岩石上

House upon the sand 无知的人把房子建在沙土之上

Salt of the earth 精英份子

Miracle and wonders and signs: pervasive activities 无所不在的行为

Thunders and lightning: God’s mighty power

⑦a jealous God: a God who tolerant no rivals

⑥original sin: is the Christian doctrine of humanity’s state of sin resulting from the fall of man, naturally the sin of eating fruits from the tree of knowledge of God and evil stemming from Adam’s rebelling in Eden. Saint Augustine link this to human sexuality.

2. What are the difference between the God in the Old Testament and Jesus in the New Testament?

God is cruel and violent; Jesus is merciful and gracious. Curses and blesses, fearing God and Loving God.

To the glory, that may Greece;

And the grandeur that was Roman!

The Dark Age(1000—750?BC): lack of written records

Archaic Age(750—480BC) 古代时期

Classical Age (480—323BC)古典时期

The Apology申辩论—Socrates(469—399BC)

Socrates’s Accuser: Meletus and Augtus and Lycon\

Death is a dreamless sleep and a relocation to another place

Socrates is accused of

1. Corrupting the young

2. Not believing in the gods of the city

3. Believing in other spirits

Plato(428—347BC) established the first “European University”, the Academy in Athens.

Forms: Forms are those changeless, eternal, and nonmaterial essences or patterns of which the actual visible objects we see are only poor copies.There is the Form of the Triangle, and all the triangles we see are mere copies of that Form.

Allegory of the Cave ：①Imprisonment in the cave

Plato has Socrates describe a gathering of people who have lived chained to the wall of a cave all of their lives, facing a blank wall. The people watch shadows projected on the wall from things passing in front of a fire behind them, and they begin to give names to these shadows. The shadows are as close as the prisoners get to viewing reality.

②Departure from the cave

Plato then supposes that one prisoner is freed, being forced to turn and see the fire. The light would hurt his eyes and make it hard for him to see the objects that are casting the shadows. But slowly, his eyes adjust to the light of the sun. First he can only see shadows. Gradually he can see the reflections of people and things in water and then later see the people and things themselves. Eventually he is able to look at the stars and moon at night until finally he can look upon the sun itself.

③Return to the cave

Plato continues, saying that the freed prisoner would think that the real world was superior to the world he experienced in the cave, he would want to bring his fellow cave dwellers out of the cave and into the sunlight. The returning prisoner, whose eyes have become acclimated to the light of the sun, would be blind when he

re-enters the cave, just as he was when he was first exposed to the sun. The prisoners, according to Socrates, would infer from the returning man's blindness that the journey out of the cave had harmed him and that they should not undertake a