(财务知识)经济术语翻译
最新常用经济术语
国民经济NATIONAL ECONOMY,
中国化chinization
对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE
经济指标economic indicators
社会总产值total product of society
国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)
国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
人均国内生产总值GDP per capita
工农业总产值gross output value of
industry and agriculture
国民收入national income
购买力平价法purchasing power parity ( the fact of the units of money of two different countries being equal
财政收入state revenue
社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales
社会零售物价总指数general retail price index
百分点percentage points
"八五"计划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
计划经济planned economy
统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing
市场经济market economy
指令性计划mandatory plan
指导性计划guidance plan
市场调节market regulation
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population
第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries
外向型经济export-oriented economy
创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise
劳动密集型labor intensive
技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive
高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value
优化资源配置optimize allocation of
resources
生产力productive forces
生产资料capital goods
科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings
火炬计划Torch Plan
技术入股technology appraised as capital stock
风险投资venture investment/capital
固定资产投资investment in fixed assets
折旧费depreciation cost
关系民生的产品products vital to the people’s l ivelihood
供大于求oversupply
供不应求short supply
经济过热overheated economy
抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
经济指标economic indicators
社会总产值total product of society
工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture
国民收入national income
生产力productive forces
生产资料capital goods
宏观调控macro-economic control
经济杠杆economic levers
产业政策industrial policy
财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate
提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns
社会效益social effect/returns
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development
财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit(surplus)
外贸出口总额gross foreign export value
外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment
实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use
三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture
允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation
优惠条件favorable terms
减免税收tax reduction and exemption
合作方式approaches to cooperation
出资方式means of contributing investment 合营期限contract term of a joint venture
三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation
trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)
贸易伙伴trade partner
转口贸易transit trade
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside
交钥匙工程turn-key project
招标承包制bidding invitation contract system
招标出售技术bids for technology
公开招标call for bid; tenders
招标单invitation for bid (IFB)
标书bidding document
竟标competitive bidding
投标bid for a project
投标报价书bid proposals
评标bid proposal evaluation
开标bid opening
中标win a bid; be awarded a tender
拍卖auction
租赁leasing
保税区bonded area; free trade area
实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
知识产权intellectual property rights
技术转让technology transfer
可行性研究feasibility study
意向书letter of intent
投资环境investment environment
跨国公司transnational corporation
基础设施infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.
招商attract investment
招商项目project proposals for investment
同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
加大改革力度intensify reforms
一条龙服务one package service
一支笔审批one-chop approval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
平等互利，互通有无equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
外引内联act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing
domestic connections
保持发展后劲bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）"three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
瓶颈bottleneck
以工养农use industrial income to finance agriculture
以路养路use tolls to repay investment in road projects
下放审批权delegate the authority to
examine and approve to lower levels
统而不死，活而不乱ensure a flexible control
良性循环positive cycle
国民经济的支柱mainstay of the national economy
格局初步形成Pattern has taken initial shape.
理顺企业的产权关系rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises
政策性亏损policy-related loss
三角债chain debts
上不封顶，下不保底set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise
生意兴隆/冷淡Business is
booming/sluggish
质量信得过单位quality trustworthy organization
批量生产mass production
以销定产limit production to market ability
内联企业inland associated enterprises
菜篮子工程shopping basket project
国产化percentage of home-made parts
配套改革coordinated reforms
配套措施supporting measures
配套工程auxiliary project
国内配套资金domestic funds
向基础工业倾斜的政策policy in favor of basic industry
升级换代upgrading and updating
看好经济增长think highly of economic growth
行情看好Favorable price/market can be expected.
行情看涨/跌anticipate lower market price/rising price
随行就市fluctuate in line with market
conditions
片面追求发展速度seek an unduly high growth rate
在过渡时期in a period of transition
粗放/集约经营extensive/intensive operation
基础地位leading position
门类齐全covering extensive fields
存款/贷款余额the balance of deposits/loans
外汇储备foreign exchange reserves
贸易顺差trade surplus
完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-established market and sophisticated financial system
消灭失业wipe out unemployment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order
紧缩银根tightenthe money supply
一位数水平one digit level
保持双边贸易的平衡balance the two-way trade
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to reinforce their constant/continuous economic ties.
市场疲软a marketslump
库存积压overstocked products
国家指令性计划state mandatory planning 统一定价unified price setting
国家统配物资materials allocated by state 货币发放the issue of currency
规范价格秩序standardize the price order 简化流通环节，增加随机检查simplify circulation and add more random checks
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.