初一英语动词解析及练习
动词专项练习
一动词的种类:四种
(一)行为动词 ( 如 play study run ) 有具体动作意义
(二)连系动词(如 is am are get feel keep stay )等,后用形容词作表语
(三)情态动词(如 can may must should would)等,表示禁止、命令、请求等意义,后接动词原形
(四)助动词(如 be +v –ing 中的be ;Do you ….?中的do ;He doesn’t like .中的doesn’t; Did you have….?中的did )只起语法作用,无意义,不必翻译
二动词的形式有
(一)动词原形如play study run
(二)动词过去式如 played studied ran
(三)动词三单形式如 plays studies runs
(四)动词ing 形式(也叫动名词或现在分词)如 playing studying running
(五)动词不定式(即 to +动词原形)如 to play to study to run
三选择动词正确形式的方法
(一)主语后需填动词时,注意动词的时态,主要从该句中的时间状语来判断,有时也要从上下语境来判断。如 I (like ) candy,but I don’t like sugar. 从后句I don’t like 可判断前句是一般现在时,所以根据主语I 填入like 的原形
注句子的时态有 1、一般现在时,常与often ; always .once a week every day 等词或短语连用
2,现在进行时,主语+ be+v-ing 形式,常与look , listen , over there now 祈使句等连用
3 一般将来时用现在进行时来表示即主语+be +v ing 形式,常与 next Sunday tomorrow for vacation 等词连用
4.一般过去时常与yesterday last year 等词连用
(二)如果主语后谓语不缺少,则考虑特殊动词后的用法。下面我们来介绍接to do , doing 和do 原形的特殊动词,动词短语和句型
(1)接to do 形式的动词有
1 want to do sth. 想干`````或 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人干 ``````
2 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人干 ````
3 need to do sth. 需要干 ``````
4 plan to do sth. 计划干 ```````
5 hope to do sth. 希望干 ````
6 try to do sth.. 尽量干 ````````
7 decide to do sth. 决定干 ```````
8 It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.(该某人)干 ````的时间
9 I’m sorry to hear that + 句子听到`````很难过
10 have to do sth. 必须干`````
11 would like to do sth.=want to do sth . 想干```````
12 forget to do sth. 忘记干``````
13 remember to do sth . 记住干``````
14 ask sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人干``````
15 It takes sb.(宾语) 一段时间 to do sth . 花费某人一段时间干``````
16 It’s +形容词+(for sb. )+ to do sth. (对于某人)干`````很`````
17 It’s kind of you to do sth 你干`````.
***注意
8 Beijing is a good place ______(have ) fun .
9 something to eat/drink 翻译__________
10 We need to have healthy food _______(keep ) healthy(动词不定式作目的状语为了`````). (2)后接doing 形式的有
1 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢干`````/享受干```的乐趣
2finish doing sth. 完成干``````
3stop doing sth 停止干`````
4practice doing sth 练习干``````.
5sb.+spends time (in)doing sth. 某人花费时间干 ``````
6have fun doing sth. 干 ````很有趣
7be busy doing sth . 忙于干``````
8be good at doing sth. =do well in doing sth. . 擅长于干 ```````
9thanks for doing sth. 你干 `````
10 How about doing sth.? =What about doing sth .? 干 ````怎么样(用来提建议)?
11 keep doing sth . 坚持干 ````
完成下面的练习
***表示干某事是一种习惯,爱好时也可用v –ing 形式,或作句子的主语如:Eating too much
is bad for your health .或作句子的表语如:My hobby is playing basketball
***在某些固定短语中也用v –ing 形式如:do some reading/cleaning /washing /shopping…..
还有go shopping/swimming/hiking/bike
riding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing(滑雪)….
(3)既可接v-ing 形式,还可接to 形式,且意义相同的动词有like doing =like to do , start
doing =start to do begin to do =begin doing
(4)后接动词原形有
1使役动词如:make let 等词后,它们的意义为使,叫,让
2情态动词如:can ,could, may , must , would ,should 等词后
3祈使句中,如:-Jane ,_______(come ) here ,please .-OK,Mary
Don’t ________(forget) to close your door .
*** 祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法如:Don’t smoke here =No smoking here 但是第二种
形式多用于公共场合
4Let’s +v原形(用来提建议)
5 Why not +v 原形?(用来提建议)=Why don’t you +v 原形?
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三. 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.(改否定) I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
四.用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain.
He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What
______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.