2012中国日报热点双语新闻

2012中国日报热点双语新闻
（一）Food safety monitoring network in shape[ 2012-03-09 10:25 ]
A network to monitor and track food-borne diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms will be set up, a senior food safety expert said.
These organisms, usually a bacteria or virus, are microscopic and can cause serious illnesses, diarrhea and, in extreme cases, even death. They thrive in unhygienic conditions and can be very resistant.
Y an Weixing, secretary-general of the safety committee under the China Food Safety Risk Assessment Center, told China Daily that many cases were not even reported.
Y an is also a CPPCC member.
"Those cases that have been reported are only the tip of the iceberg and the network will help detect, track, and issue alerts," he said.
Y an estimates that less than 5 percent of cases are reported.
The network, China Food Net, will connect supermarkets, food markets, restaurants and hospitals.
As soon as a case is reported, the network will track the supply chain and find out where the food originated from and where it may have been contaminated.
"It can also issue alerts on food safety for the public," he said.
China already has a national monitoring system with more than 300 sites throughout the mainland.
The system was launched in 2010 and mainly handles data for testing food safety, Y an said.
It can help detect major contaminants, which might vary regionally, and better target government efforts to ensure food safety, he said.
There have been reports in the media of incidents involving unsafe food but improvements have been made, Y an said.
"The general food safety situation in China is getting better. We test samples of food each year and most are up to standard and cases of food poisoning are very rare," he said.
Chemical contamination is also a major risk to food safety, he said.
"These cases are well publicized," he said. But scandals such as melamine-contaminated milk powder, are in a different category than food contaminated by bacteria or viruses.
At least six babies died after consuming tainted formula in 2008 and hundreds were sent to hospital.
"This is adulteration and it is a serious crime," he said.
To date, nearly all of the severe or lethal food-related cases reported were in this category, he added.
He also confirmed that testing methods for gutter oil are being assessed and results will be issued in two months. Gutter oil is the generic term for cooking oil that has been used and then resold. Starting from December, the Ministry of Health and the China Food Safety Risk Assessment Center began to test methods to detect gutter oil.
The process in separating various components of the oil is difficult but progress has been made, he said.
(China Daily)
（二）Calls to protect online privacy[ 2012-03-09 10:05 ] Lawmakers and political advisers have called for legislation that would require micro bloggers to register their real names, and laws that would further safeguard personal information.
Starting from March 16, users must register their real identities on Chinese micro blogs to post messages, according to regulations set by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
But several members of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee told China Daily that they want to see the rules made law.
A deputy to the National People's Congress takes a picture during the second plenary meeting of the Fifth Session of the 11th NPC at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Thursday morning. [Wu Zhiyi / China Daily]
"Registering real names on micro blogs would curb the spread of rumors and establish online credibility. It is definitely a good thing," said Guo Wei, a CPPCC member and chairman of IT company Digital China Holdings. "But personal information also needs to be protected, so I think China should introduce laws to safeguard Internet information."
China has 513 million Internet users, according to a China Internet Network Information Center report in January. About 300 million are using micro blogs, a massive increase since 2010.
China currently has about 300 million micro-bloggers, says Liu Zhengrong, deputy director of the Internet department of the State Council information office.
There is a noticeable gap between the actual number of micro blog subscribers and the number of micro blog IDs, Liu said. Many subscribers have more than one ID and use dummy IDs to increase the number of micro blog followers or to spread rumors. T ong Guohua, 54, an NPC deputy and a researcher from Wuhan Research Institute of Posts and T elecommunications, said the Internet as a public communication platform posed risks to netizens' privacy.
His motion declares that in cyberspace where there is no real-name system, anyone can reveal another's private details or slander them, and it is difficult to trace the source.
"The dubious credibility of online news has resulted in a loss of trust. Therefore, identity authentication is a global and necessary trend," Guo said. He explained that the US-based social network company Facebook implemented real-name registration a long time ago.
"A person should take responsibility for his or her behavior, even on the Internet. We need a trustworthy environment," said Y ang Y uanqing, a CPPCC member and
president of China's largest PC maker, Lenovo Group.
"But even if a netizen uses his or her real name, problems still exist," T ong said.
T ong suggests that to better protect netizens' privacy, more effective legal protection and stricter monitoring are necessary.
In future, online information will not just be micro blog identification but also other personal information, such as social security data, tax status and medical condition, said Xu Xiaolan, head of Beijing CCID Information T echnology T esting, a subsidiary of the Ministry of Industry and Information T echnology.
She called for the government to introduce legislation that would safeguard the sharing and use of this confidential personal information.
Xu and Guo said that China in effect needed to build a nationwide "e-platform" to manage and regulate the gathering and dissemination of personal information.
Gao Chiyang, executive president of Beijing CCID, said that according to the company's latest research, the online security situation regarding personal information at 105 popular Chinese websites was "not looking good", and on mobile devices was "very serious".
"China's online information security standard will be published this year to help advance legislation," Gao said.
(China Daily)
（三）Growing pressure on job market
Growing pressure on job market
Updated: 2012-03-08 07:45(China Daily)
25 million more people seeking work this year, minister says
Employment challenges are growing due to an unbalanced job market and a large number of people seeking work, a top labor official said on Wednesday.
"Cities and towns will see 25 million more people join the workforce this year, over half of whom will be university and college graduates, while another 9 to 10 million will be surplus rural laborers," Yin Weimin, minister of human resources and social security, said at a news conference.
Graduates are finding it difficult to get jobs and many enterprises are facing problems in recruiting workers and technicians, revealing structural problems in the work market, he said.
China aims to create more than 9 million jobs this year and keep the registered unemployment rate below 4.6 percent, according to the government's work report released on Monday.
Some analysts believe that slowing economic growth will see enterprises reduce their intake of new workers, exacerbating the employment situation.
China is aiming for GDP growth of 7.5 percent this year, much lower than 2011's 9.2 percent.
Ling Lanfang, chairman of the Huzhou-based Silk Road Holdings Co Ltd, said his firm has not noticed labor shortages this year.
"The recent closure of many small and medium-sized companies in the Y angtze River Delta region has already provided a good supply of labor for bigger companies like us," he said.
A quarterly report released by Hudson, a leading human resources company, in January found that 66 percent of the 650 corporate officials surveyed expressed a willingness to hire more workers in the first quarter this year. This represented a 6 percentage-point slump from last year.
This year's employment outlook for graduates is tougher as 200,000 more will leave college this year than last.
Liu Qingrui, an official with the employment promotion center at Northeastern University, said his school has provided help to graduates seeking work.
"We provide psychological guidance for students who are not confident in finding a job and we also subsidize students from poor families if they travel to other cities for interviews. We also invite enterprises to our school to provide advice to graduates," he said.
But Liu Xin, a human resources professor at Renmin University of China, said slower growth might be good for employment for both workers and graduates.
China's rapid growth was largely driven by massive investment in areas such as railways and construction and this mainly benefited State-owned companies, which absorb fewer workers than small and medium-sized enterprises, he said.
"A lower GDP expectation might mean that the government will make greater efforts to help smaller enterprises survive and prosper," said Liu.
Yin Weimin said the government would introduce a package of measures, such as more training and more efficient public services, to help expand the job market.
T o help with the employment of graduates, Y in said that the government will encourage them to find grassroots-level jobs in central and western regions and would encourage graduates to start their own businesses.
Shi Jing in Shanghai, Luo Wangshu in Beijing and Li Wenfang in Guangzhou contributed to this story.
Y ou may contact the writer chenxin1@.
SOCIAL POLICIES DRA WN UP
Policies, processes and standards have been worked out for foreign workers joining China's social security system, Deputy Minister of Human Resources and Social Security Hu Xiaoyi said on Wednesday.
Hu said at a news conference that foreign workers joining China's social insurance system is founded in the Law on Social Insurance introduced last July, and now the ministry and local governments are promoting the work in an active and steady manner.
Hu added that a major issue is to negotiate bilateral social insurance agreements with other countries and regions. So far, a total of 15 rounds of negotiations with seven countries have been arranged this year.
Hu said the ministry has issued more than 200,000 work permits to foreigners, but the number of foreigners who have signed up to China's social security system was
still being calculated.
The social insurance scheme that took eff ect on Oct 15 last year allows foreigners with work permits in China to receive retirement, unemployment, medical, work injury and maternity benefits — the same as those for Chinese citizens.
"With the legal basis and the coordination between China and other countries, the work will be advanced smoothly," added Hu.
XINHUA
（四）Women deputies call for greater female voice More women should be elected as national legislators at the next National People's Congress elections in 2013, female deputies at this year's NPC session urged.
"The United Nations suggests that female numbers in congress or other legislatures should reach 30 percent, while the figure in our country has not reached that level," Sun Xiaomei, a professor specializing in women studies at China Women's University and NPC deputy, told China Daily on Wednesday.
Zou Ping (center), a deputy of the National People's Congress, poses for a photo with Brigitta Backstrom (right), wife of the Finnish ambassador to China, and Paula Parviainen, deputy head of mission with the Finnish embassy in China, at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Wednesday. [Zou Hong / China Daily]
Zhang Liming, an official at the All China Women's Federation and a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee, said on Tuesday that the proportion of female NPC deputies has hovered around 21 percent over the past 30 years.
"All China Women's Federation proposes that the election law should be amended to ensure giving gender parity to candidate lists and allocate more winnable seats to women and increase the proportion of women deputies in the NPC," Zhang said.
Statistics from the Inter-Parliamentary Union, an international organization of parliaments, showed that Chinese women's political representation ranked 60th in the world by the end of 2011. "China has kept dropping in the ranking since 1995, from 16th that year to 38th in 2005," Sun said.
Sun said insufficient female deputies in the congress meant that few topics related to women's rights can be discussed during the country's significant conferences.
Proposals on women's welfare and interests made up only 1.4 percent of all NPC deputies' proposals in 2011, according to Sun's research, although the number had been slowly rising over the previous three years.
"China should strive to improve gender equality, because if you put too much emphasis on development but ignore gender difference, women will continue facing unfair treatment in many fields," Sun said.
Hu Wei, a 49-year-old resident of Beijing, said that he supported the suggestion.
"Women account for nearly 50 percent of our total population. We definitely need more women representatives in the NPC to give a greater voice to women," he said.
Li Xiaolin, chief executive officer of China Power International Development Ltd and member of the CPPCC National Committee, said women should be empowered in all fields, including business and social services.
"Y ou very rarely see female senior executives in the major companies, and in hospitals, there are many female nurses and doctors, but the chiefs are usually men," Li said.
Y ou may contact the writer hedan@
（五）两会十大热词
1、百所“流动医院”服务农牧民M obile clinics
中国医药卫生事业发展基金会14日在北京再次捐赠34所“健康中国流动医院”。

至此，该基金会先后共建造并捐赠100所流动医院，为内蒙古、青海、西藏等7个省区市的农牧民提供体检医疗服务。

请看新华社的报道：
A hundred "mobile clinic s" donated by the China Health & Medical Development Foundation (CHMDF) have to date benefited over 30 million villagers and herdsman in remote areas of China, according to an announcement by the charity.
由中国医药卫生事业发展基金会捐赠的100所“流动医院”，迄今以来已使中国边远地区的3000多万农牧民受益。

文中的mobile clinics就是指“流动医院”，2006年，中国医药卫生事业发展基金会负责人在深入内蒙古调查研究时，发现a pasturing area（牧区）地广人稀，居住分散，交通不便，villagers and herdsman（农牧民）看病难问题十分突出，经与地方政府领导商定，创建了“健康中国流动医院”public welfare project（公益项目）。

“健康中国流动医院”special vehicle（专用车）由福田汽车量身定做，车上配备数字X-ray machine（X光机）、colour doppler ultrasound（彩超仪）、全自动生化设备、electrocardiograph（心电图机）、operating bed（手术床）等medical facilities（医疗设备），相当于a second-class hospital（二甲级医院）。

“健康中国流动医院”的建设和配发，是中国医药卫生事业发展基金会落实“两会精神”最好的实际行动。

希望能够再接再厉，把这一利国利民的医疗poverty-eradication program（扶贫计划）总结好、推广好，benefit the people in the maximum way（最大限度造福人民群众）。

（二）继续推进“社会公平正义”
十一届全国人大五次会议于3月14日在人民大会堂三楼金色大厅举行记者会，国务院总理温家宝会见中外记者并回答记者提问。

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said the government will continue to work hard to promote social justice during his last year in office. He said the government has done a lot of work over the past nine years f or the social equity and justice.
温家宝总理说在他任职的最后一年，政府将继续努力促进社会的公平正义。

9年来，政府为实现社会的公平正义做了大量不可磨灭的工作。

On the legal front, the government has incorporate d the requirement on respecting and safeguard ing human rights into the Chinese Constitution. T he government has also formulate d the Property Law to protect the legal property rights of the people, amend ed the Election Law to ensure equal rights of election of urban and rural residents, and abolish ed the regulations that restrict the freedom of mobility of rural residents into the cities.
首先，在法律上，政府通过修改宪法，将尊重和保障人权写入宪法。

政府还制定了物权法，使合法的私有财产得到法律保护；修改了选举法，使城乡选民具有平等的权利；废除了收容遣送条例，使农民自由进城务工。

In rural areas, the government has abolished the agricultural taxes so as to ease the burdens on Chinese farmers.
其次，在农村，政府坚决地取消了农业税，减轻了农民的(不合理)负担。

On education, the government has provided nine-y ear free compulsory education, and offered free vocational education and subsidy and scholarship for high school students in rural areas.
第三，在教育上，政府实行了九年免费义务制教育，对农村的孩子上职业学校实行免费，同时对大学和农村高中阶段的教育实行奖助学金制度，对困难地区农村寄宿制学校给予补
贴。

The government also put in place a social security system that includes old-age pension, unemployment insurance and health care program. The health care program has already covered 1.3 billion people.
第四，政府建立和完善了包括养老、失业、医疗、低保在内的社会保障体系。

企业职工医疗保险、城市居民医疗保险和新农合已经覆盖13亿人口。

(三) 确保“首次置业者”需求
3月12日，在十一届全国人大五次会议记者会上，央行副行长刘士余表示，各家银行对居民个人首套自住普通商品住宅的贷款必须予以保证。

请看新华社的报道：The People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, said Monday that commercial banks should put in place a differentiated credit policy to guarantee housing loans to qualified first-home buyers.
央行称，各商业银行应该制定差别化的信贷政策，保证首次置业者的房贷需求。

文中的first-home buyers就是指“首次置业者”，央行今年将全面落实differentiated credit policy（差别化信贷政策），在信贷实行总量管理的前提下，各家银行对个人居民first ordinary commercial housing units（首套自住普通商品住宅）的mortgage loans（按揭贷款）必须予以保证。

对于interest rate（利率）水平，央行鼓励各家financial institutions（金融机构）在央行的benchmark lending rate（基准利率）和首套普通商品住宅prime mortgage rate（贷款优惠利率）的下限之间，根据financial conditions of borrowers（借款人的财务状况）权衡定价。

此外，央行还鼓励property market（房地产市场）上的financial innovations（金融创新），如securitization of mortgage loans（抵押贷款证券化），引入real estate trust funds（房地产信托资金）等。

4、转基因食品GM FOOD
近日，著名农业专家、“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平表示，在粮食生产上，要采取严格的措施监管转基因技术的应用，在没有实验结果作为根据的前提下，对转基因食品生产和销售的安全性“要慎重”。

请看新华网的报道：Application of transgenic technology should be restricted on all food production and the government should take a "scientific and prudent attitude" toward genetically modified (GM) food, Y uan said.
袁隆平表示，所有的粮食生产都应该限制转基因技术的应用，政府对转基因食品应采取“科学谨慎的态度”。

文中的genetically modified (GM) food就是指“转基因食品”，genetically modified就是指“转基因的”，是指利用genetic engineering technology（基因工程技术）/transgenic technology（转基因技术）在物种基因组中嵌入了foreign gene（非同种，外源基因）的食品，包括转基因植物食品、转基因动物食品和转基因微生物食品。

Transgenosis（转基因）作为一种新兴的biotechnology（生物技术）手段，它的不成熟和不确定性，必然使得转基因食品的安全性成为人们关注的焦点。

两会前夕，国务院法制办公布了由国家发改委、国家粮食局会同有关部门起草的《粮食法征求意见稿》，其中第十二条特别提出，“transgenic grain seeds（转基因粮食种子）的科研、试验、生产、销售、进出口应当符合国家有关规定。

任何单位和个人不得擅自在principal grain cultivars（主要粮食品种）上应用转基因技术。

”
5、“中医”走向世界
中医药发展是全国政协委员、尤其是医卫界委员高度关注的话题之一，委员们充分肯定了近年来中医药事业取得的新进展，也对中医药发展中亟待解决的问题热情建言献策。

请看《中国日报》的报道：China plans to open more Confucius Institutes to teach traditional Chinese medicine overseas and promote the Eastern medical science, Deputy Minister of Health Wang Guoqiang said on Monday.
卫生部副部长王国强委员称，中国计划在海外开办更多的孔子学院教授中医课程，以促进东方医学科学。

文中的traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）就是指“中医”，是研究人体physiology（生理）、pathology（病理），以及疾病的诊断和防治等的一门学科。

中医一般指中国以汉族劳动人民创造的traditional medicine（传统医学）为主的医学，所以也称Chinese medicine（汉医）。

中国其他传统医学，如Tibetan medicine（藏医）、Mongolian medicine （蒙医）、Miao medicine（苗医）等等则被称为ethnomedicine（民族医学）。

中医既是传统医学科学，也是中国culture soft strength（文化软实力）的重要体现。

Confucius Institutes（孔子学院）走出去，已经成为中国文化的一张“名片”。

卫生部副部长、国家中医药管理局局长王国强委员表示，要与教育部和孔子学院总部紧密合作，开办更多的TCM Confucius Institutes（中医孔子学院），在现有的syllabus（教学大纲）中增设TCM-related courses（中医课程）。

6、关注“赤脚医生”
“乡村医生”的身份问题一直是医卫体制改革始终绕不开的一个难题，已引起中国高层及社会各界人士普遍关注。

该问题在北京梅地亚新闻中心10日举行的“深化医药卫生体制改革”记者会上再次成为媒体关注的焦点。

当天，两位医卫界政协委员就解决该问题提出了不少建议和看法。

请看新华社的报道：Chinese political advisors on Saturday called for more support for barefoot doctors serving the country's vast rural areas.
政协委员呼吁，政府应给予“赤脚医生”更多的关注和支持，以服务广大农村地区。

文中的barefoot doctors就是指“赤脚医生”，现在也称“乡村医生”，指一般未经正式medical training（医疗训练）、仍持农业户口、一些情况下“半农半医”的农村医疗人员。

“赤脚医生”、rural cooperative medical service（农村合作医疗）、县乡村三级医疗网health reform（卫生改革）的三大举措曾闻名于世界，而且受到世界卫生组织关注，并向发展中国家推荐的一种模式。

目前“赤脚医生”在medical service（医疗服务）队伍将近100万，只有很少一部分能够拿到国家职业医师资格或者职业助理医师资格。

因此，国家应该有相应的政策，对这些人进行专门的培训，使他们拿到国家依法practise medicine（行医）的资格。

同时，“赤脚医生”是农民的身份，他们到60岁退休以后没有medical security（医疗保障）、pension security（养老保障），又要回归农民的身份，去种田、去养活自己，对他们来讲确实是非常困难的。

因此，政府应该关注这支队伍，将培训变成规范化的培训，同时解决他们养老、就医和今后的一些保障问题，这样才能保持一支在基层留得住、用得上、养得起的health care（医疗卫生）队伍，真正成为健康的守门人。

7、设立“学术欺诈罪”
近年来，造假、抄袭等丑闻萦绕着学术圈。

“两会”上，全国人大代表闫希军建议，应设立“学术欺诈罪”。

请看中国日报网的报道：China should make academic fraud a crime to curb （控制）dishonesty, a deputy of National People's Congress (NPC) proposed at the annual two sessions.
一位全国人大代表在两会上提议，中国应设立“学术欺诈罪”来遏制造假行为。

文中的make academic fraud a crime指的就是“设立学术欺诈罪”，academic fraud就是指“学术欺诈”，是指严重的academic misconduct（学术不端）行为，一般指利用scientific research（科学研究）活动或科学家的身份进行的欺诈活动。

这种academic circles（学术界）的不良现象包括：plagiarism（剽窃）、data falsification（伪造数据）和学生的舞弊抄袭行为等。

学术不端行为严重影响了科学研究的social credibility（社会公信力），为腐败提供了温床，更使人们对整个社会的诚信体系产生怀疑。

这些不端行为，从一般academic papers（学术论文）扩散到high-tech fields（高科技领域），从young students（青年学生）扩散到senior experts （高级专家）。

尽管近年来相关部委和各科研院校，采取了多种措施加强academic ethics（学术道德）建设，但还缺乏法律的强制性、权威性。

人大代表建议应通过立法和public supervision system （公众监督体制），明确学术行为人的权利与义务关系，使academic integrity（学术诚信）的要求能够标准化和可操作化，加大对学术不端行为的惩处力度。

8、“刑诉法”修正案
刑事诉讼法修正案草案8日提请十一届全国人大五次会议审议。

该法自去年启动第二次大修之后，业已经过全国人大常委会两次审议。

据人大会议发言人李肇星日前透露，草案将“尊重和保障人权”写入刑事诉讼法总则第二条，同时草案在多项具体规定中都注意体现这一原则。

请看《中国日报》的报道：
A draft amendment to the nation's criminal procedural（程序上的）law, which came under fire for permitting detention without informing family in some cases, has added
the principle of protecting human rights to its general provisions, a spokesman said. 刑事诉讼法修正案草案将“尊重和保护人权”写入其总则，此前，因该草案允许拘捕后在一些情形下不通知被拘捕者家属而引发争议。

文中的criminal procedural law就是指“刑事诉讼法”，是指国家制定或认可的调整criminal procedure（刑事诉讼）活动的legal norm（法律规范）的总称。

它调整的对象是公、检、法机关在当事人和其他litigant participant（诉讼参与人）的参加下，揭露、证实、惩罚犯罪的活动。

刑诉法1979年制定，作为新中国第一部刑事诉讼法典，首次较为系统地规定了刑事诉讼的基本制度。

1996年，八届全国人大四次会议对该法进行了首次amendment（修正）。

2011年，刑诉法第二次大修正式启动。

当年8月24日，刑事诉讼法draft amendment（修正案草案）提交十一届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议审议。

3月8日是刑诉法修正案草案的第三次审议。

考虑到刑事诉讼制度关系公民的personal freedom（人身自由）等基本权利，修正案草案将“respecting and protecting human rights（尊重和保障人权）”写入刑事诉讼法general provisions（总则）第二条。

这一规定既有利于更加充分地体现我国judicial system（司法制度）的社会主义性质，也有利于judicial authority（司法机关）在criminal procedure（刑事诉讼程序）中更好地遵循和贯彻这一constitutional principle（宪法原则）。

9、整治“抗生素滥用”
我国有超过30万7岁以下儿童因为不合理使用抗生素造成耳聋，占聋哑儿童的比例高达30%至40%。

”全国政协委员、民建海南省委会主委施耀忠说。

两会召开期间，施耀忠早早通过网络提交了《关于整治抗生素滥用的提案》。

请看新华社的报道：China's health authority on Tuesday announced plans to further curb the overuse of antibiotics, including setting caps for the variety and use ratio of antibiotics, and punishing doctors found to misuse antibiotics.
卫生部出台计划进一步抑制抗生素滥用，包括限制抗生素的品种和使用比率，惩治滥用抗生素的医生。

文中的overuse of antibiotics就是指“抗生素滥用”，是指对publilc health（公共健康）造成严重影响的抗生素滥用或过度使用。

对抗生素产生resistance to drugs （抗药性）的细菌正在成为日益严重的威胁，并且变得越来越普遍。

这种过度使用导致生命产生多重抗药性而面临“superbug（超级细菌）感染”。

抗生素的误用也置病人于不必要的抗药性风险中。

我国每年生产抗生素原料21万吨，人均年消费量138克，是美国的10倍。

在我国，68.9%的住院病人使用antibacterial agents(抗菌药物)，37%的病人联合使用抗菌药物。

为整治抗生素滥用，保障人民群众medication safety（用药安全），食品药品监督部门加强与工商、税务等相关部门的协调配合，适时开展抗生素circulation market（流通市场）的清理整顿，加强对药品生产、经营企业的监管，杜绝向无医疗机构执业许可证、无药品business certificate（经营许可证）的单位或个人销售抗生素，对违法销售者依法追究单位和个人的责任。

10、环保彩票environmental lottery
“发行‘环保彩票’可以解决长期以来环境保护的资金瓶颈问题，又可达到全民参与、解决大量就业问题的目的。

”4日，来自浙江省永嘉县的全国人大代表陈飞对记者说。

这已是陈飞第二年提交有关“环保彩票”的建议。

请看中国日报网的报道：Last year, the world's first environmental lottery was unveiled in UK, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting climate change.去年，世界上第一款环保彩票亮相英国，旨在削减温室气体排放，缓解气候变化。

文中的environmental lottery就是指“环保彩票”，这一办法有利于解决环保资金缺乏的问题。

中国目前尚处于人均GDP发展阶段，但已经出现较严重的industrial pollution（工业污染）、城市生活污染等问题，要应对目前复合型环境问题的挑战，所需要的资金投入无疑是相当巨大的。

但目前在环保资金来源上，缺乏有效的fiscal system（财政制度）保障。

发行environmental lottery（环保彩票）有利于环保事业的fund raising（筹集资金），有利于为彩民提供投资途径；有利于为环保宣传独辟蹊径，有利于为环保理念深入人心；有利于为社会创造就业岗位，为国家增加税费收入。

据估算，“中国环保彩票”如果和中国welfare lottery（福利彩票）、中国sport lottery（体育彩票）达到同等规模，按照2010年static computation（静态计算）：则可为社会创造直接就业岗位约30万个；仅“偶然所得税”一项，每年可为国家增加收入超30亿元。

11、“小微企业”受关注
深受关注的“小微企业”，成为5日中国总理温家宝在十一届全国人大五次会议上所作政府工作报告中的新词。

温家宝在报告中共7次提及小微企业。

在回顾去年经济工作时，他提到“重点支持实体经济特别是小型微型企业”，在就业方面“一些企业特别是小型微型企业经营困难增多”。

请看新华社的报道：
China will deepen the reform of its financial systems by improving services for small and micro businesses and making Renminbi convertible under capital accounts, according to a report distributed to the media Monday morning.
中国将通过提升对小微企业的服务以及使人民币在资本账户下可兑换，深化金融体制改革。

文中的small and micro businesses就是指“小微企业”，medium-sized and small enterprises（中小企业）划分为medium-sized（中型）、small size（小型）、minisize （微型）三种类型，具体标准根据enterprise jobholders（企业从业人员）、business income(营业收入)、total assets(资产总额)等指标，结合industry characteristics(行业特点)制定。

当前，small and micro businesses（小微企业）的发展受到了社会各界的广泛关注。

温家宝总理明确提出要支持the real economy（实体经济），特别是支持小微企业发展。

小微企业是我国national economy（国民经济）增长和发展的主要动力。

支持小微企业健康发展，对于stable employment(稳定就业)、expand the domestic demand(扩大内需)、改善distribution relations(分配关系)、实现国民经济平稳较快发展具有重要战略意义。

12、过度包装excessive packaging。