it的用法课件.ppt

2) it, this 和 that
都可以替代前文已提到的事或情况，细微差别在于it不如其余 两者那么强调。
So she decided to paint the door pink. It upset the neighbours a bit.
So she decided to paint the house pink. That really upset the neighbours, as you can imagine.
That只用于替换表示事物的名词， 而one/ones替换表示人和表示 事物的名词皆可。
His younger sister is taller than the elder one. I need the plastic bags, not the paper ones.
That/ those一般用于替换有定冠词的名词；one/ones用于替换有 不定冠词的名词。
You have saved my life. I shall never forget it.
非人称代词it ：It 用于代替指示代词：
It 可以表示“是谁（在某处或做某事）
“Who’s that?” “It’s me.” It’s your mother on the phone. “Why, it’s you!” she cried.
当前面提到的事物不止一件时， it通常指最先提到的事物，而 This/that是指最后提到的事物。
We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room. It is mainly used by the children. (指 the machine) We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room. This/ That is mainly used by the children. (指the spare room)
This可以出现在它所指代的事物之前；而that则指上文所提到的 事物。
Listen to this! We will have three days off. “A penny saved is a penny earned.” Who said that?
3) It和one
It用以指特定的前面提到过的事物，即：it和它替换的是同一个 事物，it前无修饰语；而one用于替换与前提事物有共同之处 但并不完全一样的事物，因此，one之前或之后一定有修饰语 来加以区别。
I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using
it now.
I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to
buy a new one soon.
形式主语it：有下面几种类型：
替代词one, ones, that, those, it, this, that 1) one, ones, that, those
That替换单数可数名词或不可数名词；one只替换单数的可数名词。 The vase on the left is more beautiful than the one on the right. The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than that in Mexico.
The style of the building is similar to that of a temple. A CD player made in Japan costs more than one made in Hong Kong.
The computers in our school are connected to the Internet while those in their school aren’t. The football players on our team seem to be more energetic than those on your team.
It 最基本的用法是人称代词，主要代表刚提到的东西以避免重复。
Look at that car. It’s going much too fast.
Where is the car key? ---- I put it in your drawer.
也可以代表抽象的东西。
It’s all my fault .
It还可以用来泛指某件事
Isn’t it awful!
It doesn’t matter.
it 有时并不指具体东西，而指天气、时间、环境、距离等，
称为非人称代词it.
It’s raining.
It’s Tuesday today.
It’s quiet here.
It’s two miles to the beach.
That/ those一般不带前置定语，但必须有后置定语。One/ones 都可。当替换词的后置定语用所有格的of短语或当替换词被 所有格修饰时，不用one/ones而用that of/those of.
I like the vase better than the one / that in another shop. The windows of your flat are cleaner than those of mine. A grandparent’s job is easier than that of儿。
What a beautiful baby， is it a boy?
How about the baby? ---- I’ll take care of it.
还可代表一个彼此都知其何所指的东西。
Where does it hurt?
If he doesn’t come, I can’t help it.