突发事件下应急物资调度问题研究

Key words：Emergencies；Emergency Logistics；Material scheduling
目录
1 引言 .............................................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 课题背景............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 国内外研究状况................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 课题研究目的..................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 论文主要构成..................................................................................................................... 5 2 突发事件下应急物流分析与设计 ............................................................................................... 6 2.1 突发事件下的应急物流 .................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 突发事件的定义 ..................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 应急物流的定义 ..................................................................................................... 6 2.1.3 突发事件应急物流的特征 ..................................................................................... 7 2.2 应急物流系统.................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 我国应急物流系统存在的问题 .............................................................................. 7 2.2.2 应急物流系统......................................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 应急物流系统的特征 ........................................................................................... 9 2.2.4 应急物流系统运作流程 ......................................................................................... 9 2.3 应急物资调度.................................................................................................................. 10 2.3.1 应急物资调度的重要性 ........................................................................................ 10 2.3.2 应急物资调度的过程模型 .................................................................................... 11 3 基于蚁群模型的应急物资调度问题 ......................................................................................... 12 3.1 问题描述........................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 应急物资车辆调度的特征分析 ............................................................................ 12 3.1.2 相关的应急物资车辆调度信息 ............................................................................ 12 3.2 蚁群算法的基本原理....................................................................................................... 13 3.3 自适应蚁群算法.............................................................................................................. 14 3.4 评定道路权重................................................................................................................... 15 3.4.1 基于层次分析法的道路权重的评定 .................................................................. 15 3.4.2 建立递阶层次结构模型 ...................................................................................... 15 3.4.3 影响因素权重值解算 ......................................................................................... 16 3.4.4 仿真实验............................................................................................................... 18 3.5 确定型多出救点组合应急物资调度 .............................................................................. 20 3.5.1 单目标问题的求解................................................................................................ 21 3.5.2 两阶段目标问题的求解 ........................................................................................ 22 3.5.3 多目标问题的求解................................................................................................ 24 3.6 结合蚁群算法的应用实例 ............................................................................................... 24 4 结论 ............................................................................................................................................. 29 参考文献......................................................................................................................................... 30 致谢 ................................................................................................................................................ 31
突发事件下应急物资调度问题研究
摘 要
人口、资源、环境、公共卫生等社会矛盾随着社会的发展日益突出，导致世 界范围内的各种公共安全突发事件时有发生，给社会、经济等带来了严重的破坏 和影响，造成了生命和财产的巨大损失。突发事件的危害程度、危险系数相比以 前也明显增高。 针对突发事件， 政府部门建立了相应的应急管理机构和应急反应 体系， 调动大量的物资和人力进行救助。因此往往会发生跨区域大规模的组织物 流行为。 本文以国内外突发事件的研究现状为基础，介绍突发事件下应急物流的特 征、结构以及物资调度中存在的问题，总结近年来研究所取得的成果，包括模型 和算法。 在以上的基础上研究应急物资在突发事件中的调度问题，重点研究应急 物资配置和调度方法， 解决在应急限制期内最可能的满足所有需求点的物资需求 问题。
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
关键词：突发事件；应急物流；物资调度
Abstract
Population， resources， environment， public health and other social conflicts with the social development have become increasingly prominent， resulting in a variety of public safety emergencies worldwide have occurred to the social ， economic and other serious damage and impact， resulting in the huge losses of life and property. Emergencies degree of harm， risk coefficient was significantly higher compared to the previous. For emergencies， the government departments to establish appropriate emergency management agencies and emergency response system ， mobilizing substantial material and human aid. Therefore often will happen the large-scale the organization of logistics of the cross-regional behavior. In this paper， the research based on status of emergencies at home and abroad to introduce the characteristics of emergency logistics in emergencies， structure and materials scheduling problems， sum up the results of studies in recent years， including models and algorithms.On the basis of the above study of emergency supplies in the event of an emergency scheduling problem， focus on emergency supplies and scheduling method to solve the period of the emergency restrictions most likely to meet the material needs of all demand points.