商务英语翻译6 .2 词义选择与延伸
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例3 There is too much deposit in a bottle of wine.
酒瓶里沉淀物太多。(语境:酒瓶)
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例4 We have found a promising iron deposit. 我们已经发现了一个有开采价值的铁矿床。(语境:铁矿)
6.2.3
改换说法
例2 I suggest we meet each other halfway. 我建议各让一半。(动词引申)
例3 To avoid having our funds tied up, could you bend the rules a little?(动词引申) 为避免我方资金积压,你们能否将规则变 通一下?
随着数字图像处理技术的发展,将图像识别技术运用到 百分表检定系统中越来越受到人们的重视。(专业:计 算机)
6.1.4 根据搭配选择词义
例1 Last week, we saw a documentary about two domestic animals.(搭配:动物) 上周,我们看了一场关于两只驯养的动物的纪录片。
6.2.4
词义的褒贬
例3 Many are stubborn in pursuit of the path they have chosen, few in pursuit of the goal. 。(中性) 许多人在追求已选择的道路时固执,却很少有人在追求
目标时固执。
例4 He’s as stubborn as a mule. (贬义) 他像骡子一样倔。
2. I take the initiative to make a concession in price. I hope this will set the ball rolling. 我采取主动在价格上做出让步,希望能使今后的谈判顺利 进行。
3. The value of the pound will force British companies to be leaner and fitter. 英镑的价值将迫使英国公司进一步减员增效。
例5 The depositor may retrieve the deposit at any time. 寄存人可以随时领取保管物。(语境:寄存处)
6.1.3 根据专业选择词义
例1 One of the essential features of poetry is that it pursues the meter and rhythm. 诗歌艺术的本质特征之一在于其具有韵律与节奏的追求。 (专业:诗歌)
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例1 The hotel requires a deposit for all advance bookings.
旅馆规定凡预订房间都要先付订金。(语境:旅馆)
例2 Higher-rate deposit accounts yield good returns.
高利率的存款会产生丰厚的收益。(语境:银行)
necessitates the violence.(名词引申)
事实上,暴力冲突通常是由经济剥削引发的。
6.2.3
改换说法
例1 We have mainly adopted some usual international practices, such as payment by installments, processing with supplied materials, compensation trade, assembling trade, joint venture and so on.
你看,南韩产的主板,单价只有190美元,比你方报价要 低得多,而他们的质量和你方的一样好。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
5. Should the letter of credit fail to reach the purchaser before the stipulated date, the contract shall be considered as null and void. 要是买方在规定日期内不开来信用证,本合同即作无效论。
例5 Stubborn, self-confident Guo Zhenshan has never gone crawling to anyone.(褒义) 倔强、自信的郭振山,从来没有对人低三下四过。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
1. Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in England. 布莱克普尔是英格兰最吸引游客的地方。
5. 一些估计显示,明年的预算将会亏空25亿美元。
Some estimates show next year's budget could be $2.5 billion in the hole.
例2 Hearing this, the little boy stood there with his finger in the mouth. (介词短语引申) 听到这话,小男孩傻乎乎地站在了那里。
例3 Indeed, it is often the economic exploitation that
6.2.1 抽象词语具体化
例1 But it is unclear when deal making might return to previous highs.(形容词具体化) 不过,交易数量能否回到从前的高位还是个未知数。
例2 Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak. (形容词具体化) 这两种化合物都是酸。前者是强酸,后者是弱酸。
二、把下列句子译成英语。
1. 公司的董事长要注意局势的发展。 The president of the company is responsible for watching the development of affairs.
2. 请提出对这个计划的反对理由。 Please present your objection to the plan.
6.1.3 根据专业选择词义
例4 With the development of image processing, using image processing technology into the measurement system of meter is paid more attention to by people.
第六章 词义选择与引申
目录
一
词义的选择
二
词义的引申
三
翻译练习
概要
翻译选词要符合语法要求,还要考虑话语的场合、 说话人的特点及上下文内容等语境和非语境因素。选择 词义可以从四个角度来考虑:根据词性选择词义、根据 上下文选择词义、根据专业选择词义、根据搭配选择词 义。此外, 翻译中无法直接搬用辞典中释义的词要根据 上下文的联系及其逻辑关系对词义加以引申。
例4 City domestic sewage and industrial sewage treatment have gotten more and more attention in this country. (搭配:污水) 城市生活污水和工业污水的处理已经越来越引起人们 的广泛关注。
6.2 词义的引申
3. 让我们先看一下全球信用紧缩的发展动态。 Let’s begin by looking at the development of global credit squeeze.
二、把下列句子译成英语。
4. 我觉得我已经对整个过程摸出门道来了。
I think I’m really starting to get a handle on the whole process.
我们主要采取了一些国际上的习惯做法,如分期付款、来料 加工、补偿贸易、装配贸易、合资经营等。
6.2.3
改换说法
例2 I suggest we meet each other halfway. 我建议各让一半。(动词引申)
例3 To avoid having our funds tied up, could you bend the rules a little?(动词引申) 为避免我方资金积压,你们能否将规则变 通一下?
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
4. You see, the price of a main body produced in South Korea is only US $190, which is much lower than that you offer in your price-list, and their quality is as good as yours.
例2 This is a new type of aircraft meter,Electronic Percent Turnmeter for aircraft engines. 这是一种新型的航空仪表:航空发动机电子转速表。(专 业:航空)
例3 Music and meter are closely connected. 音乐和节拍紧密相连。(专业:音乐)
6.2.4
词Байду номын сангаас的褒贬
例1 He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality. 他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。
例2 He qualified his friend as an ambitious self-seeker. 他把他的朋友说成是野心勃勃的利己主义者。
例2 But domestic companies can make things much more cheaply, and their quality is improving. (搭配:公司) 但是国内的企业的产品更为廉价,而且它们的质量也 在提升。
6.1.4 根据搭配选择词义
例3 There has never been an episode of domestic violence in our marriage. (搭配:暴力) 我们婚姻中从来就没有出现过家庭暴力的一幕。
例3 The cutting tool must be strong, tough, hard and wear resistance. (形容词具体化) 刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度,而且要耐磨。
6.2.2
具体词语抽象化
例1 In terms of cash outlay, the sum is peanuts. (名词引申) 从花费来看,这笔钱乃区区小数。
酒瓶里沉淀物太多。(语境:酒瓶)
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例4 We have found a promising iron deposit. 我们已经发现了一个有开采价值的铁矿床。(语境:铁矿)
6.2.3
改换说法
例2 I suggest we meet each other halfway. 我建议各让一半。(动词引申)
例3 To avoid having our funds tied up, could you bend the rules a little?(动词引申) 为避免我方资金积压,你们能否将规则变 通一下?
随着数字图像处理技术的发展,将图像识别技术运用到 百分表检定系统中越来越受到人们的重视。(专业:计 算机)
6.1.4 根据搭配选择词义
例1 Last week, we saw a documentary about two domestic animals.(搭配:动物) 上周,我们看了一场关于两只驯养的动物的纪录片。
6.2.4
词义的褒贬
例3 Many are stubborn in pursuit of the path they have chosen, few in pursuit of the goal. 。(中性) 许多人在追求已选择的道路时固执,却很少有人在追求
目标时固执。
例4 He’s as stubborn as a mule. (贬义) 他像骡子一样倔。
2. I take the initiative to make a concession in price. I hope this will set the ball rolling. 我采取主动在价格上做出让步,希望能使今后的谈判顺利 进行。
3. The value of the pound will force British companies to be leaner and fitter. 英镑的价值将迫使英国公司进一步减员增效。
例5 The depositor may retrieve the deposit at any time. 寄存人可以随时领取保管物。(语境:寄存处)
6.1.3 根据专业选择词义
例1 One of the essential features of poetry is that it pursues the meter and rhythm. 诗歌艺术的本质特征之一在于其具有韵律与节奏的追求。 (专业:诗歌)
6.1.2 根据上下文选择词义
例1 The hotel requires a deposit for all advance bookings.
旅馆规定凡预订房间都要先付订金。(语境:旅馆)
例2 Higher-rate deposit accounts yield good returns.
高利率的存款会产生丰厚的收益。(语境:银行)
necessitates the violence.(名词引申)
事实上,暴力冲突通常是由经济剥削引发的。
6.2.3
改换说法
例1 We have mainly adopted some usual international practices, such as payment by installments, processing with supplied materials, compensation trade, assembling trade, joint venture and so on.
你看,南韩产的主板,单价只有190美元,比你方报价要 低得多,而他们的质量和你方的一样好。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
5. Should the letter of credit fail to reach the purchaser before the stipulated date, the contract shall be considered as null and void. 要是买方在规定日期内不开来信用证,本合同即作无效论。
例5 Stubborn, self-confident Guo Zhenshan has never gone crawling to anyone.(褒义) 倔强、自信的郭振山,从来没有对人低三下四过。
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
1. Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in England. 布莱克普尔是英格兰最吸引游客的地方。
5. 一些估计显示,明年的预算将会亏空25亿美元。
Some estimates show next year's budget could be $2.5 billion in the hole.
例2 Hearing this, the little boy stood there with his finger in the mouth. (介词短语引申) 听到这话,小男孩傻乎乎地站在了那里。
例3 Indeed, it is often the economic exploitation that
6.2.1 抽象词语具体化
例1 But it is unclear when deal making might return to previous highs.(形容词具体化) 不过,交易数量能否回到从前的高位还是个未知数。
例2 Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak. (形容词具体化) 这两种化合物都是酸。前者是强酸,后者是弱酸。
二、把下列句子译成英语。
1. 公司的董事长要注意局势的发展。 The president of the company is responsible for watching the development of affairs.
2. 请提出对这个计划的反对理由。 Please present your objection to the plan.
6.1.3 根据专业选择词义
例4 With the development of image processing, using image processing technology into the measurement system of meter is paid more attention to by people.
第六章 词义选择与引申
目录
一
词义的选择
二
词义的引申
三
翻译练习
概要
翻译选词要符合语法要求,还要考虑话语的场合、 说话人的特点及上下文内容等语境和非语境因素。选择 词义可以从四个角度来考虑:根据词性选择词义、根据 上下文选择词义、根据专业选择词义、根据搭配选择词 义。此外, 翻译中无法直接搬用辞典中释义的词要根据 上下文的联系及其逻辑关系对词义加以引申。
例4 City domestic sewage and industrial sewage treatment have gotten more and more attention in this country. (搭配:污水) 城市生活污水和工业污水的处理已经越来越引起人们 的广泛关注。
6.2 词义的引申
3. 让我们先看一下全球信用紧缩的发展动态。 Let’s begin by looking at the development of global credit squeeze.
二、把下列句子译成英语。
4. 我觉得我已经对整个过程摸出门道来了。
I think I’m really starting to get a handle on the whole process.
我们主要采取了一些国际上的习惯做法,如分期付款、来料 加工、补偿贸易、装配贸易、合资经营等。
6.2.3
改换说法
例2 I suggest we meet each other halfway. 我建议各让一半。(动词引申)
例3 To avoid having our funds tied up, could you bend the rules a little?(动词引申) 为避免我方资金积压,你们能否将规则变 通一下?
6.4 翻译练习
一、把下列句子译成汉语。
4. You see, the price of a main body produced in South Korea is only US $190, which is much lower than that you offer in your price-list, and their quality is as good as yours.
例2 This is a new type of aircraft meter,Electronic Percent Turnmeter for aircraft engines. 这是一种新型的航空仪表:航空发动机电子转速表。(专 业:航空)
例3 Music and meter are closely connected. 音乐和节拍紧密相连。(专业:音乐)
6.2.4
词Байду номын сангаас的褒贬
例1 He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality. 他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。
例2 He qualified his friend as an ambitious self-seeker. 他把他的朋友说成是野心勃勃的利己主义者。
例2 But domestic companies can make things much more cheaply, and their quality is improving. (搭配:公司) 但是国内的企业的产品更为廉价,而且它们的质量也 在提升。
6.1.4 根据搭配选择词义
例3 There has never been an episode of domestic violence in our marriage. (搭配:暴力) 我们婚姻中从来就没有出现过家庭暴力的一幕。
例3 The cutting tool must be strong, tough, hard and wear resistance. (形容词具体化) 刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度,而且要耐磨。
6.2.2
具体词语抽象化
例1 In terms of cash outlay, the sum is peanuts. (名词引申) 从花费来看,这笔钱乃区区小数。