论企业财务绩效的影响研究

摘要

自20世纪90年代以来，互联网随着现代社会经济的发展而逐渐壮大，以互联网为代表的信息技术高速发展，为随之诞生的互联网企业提供了发展的契机。物联网、云计算和移动互联网等网络科技技术的产生和应用使互联网经济发展迅速，一些互联网企业存活了下来，相当多的互联网企业消失在了视野中。在企业竞争过程中，排除外在因素，商业模式是企业成败的关键因素。一个持续稳定发展的企业必须有一个与之匹配的商业模式。企业必须根据市场环境设计出适应企业生存的商业模式，并随互联网技术进步、客户需求等因素变化而变革商业模式，才能获取持续的竞争力保证自己的生存和发展。

国内外学者对于商业模式的概念没有达成共识，本文认为商业模式的概念应该融合四大论点，理解为一种运作机制，其目的是为了满足客户需求来创造企业价值，通过内部整合企业制度、组织架构、管理规范、经营战略等方式来操作。研究商业模式变革对财务绩效的影响，需要通过分析生命周期不同阶段的商业模式中最为重要的要素变革来诠释其整体商业模式变革给财务绩效带来的影响，以此体现出企业竞争中商业模式变革对提升财务绩效的重要性。

本文将腾讯控股作为案例范本，在了解企业发展历程的基础上将其三个阶段的商业模式分别解读，归纳出腾讯由一个阶段到另一个阶段的商业模式变革。具体表现在组织结构的变革导致的内部资源整合，企业战略导向的变革导致的外部产业融合，这些关键要素变革推动了商业模式的整体变革。然后在分析三个阶段财务绩效的基础上，将由商业模式变革引发的财务绩效变化进行对比分析。通过案例分析我们得出结论：对互联网企业来说，商业模式随着互联网经济的变化而时刻变化着，如何转变陈旧的商业模式对企业来说至关重要，通过复制模仿其他企业的商业模式无法维持自身企业的持续发展，商业模式的变革决定着企业在竞争中的成败，从而影响企业的财务绩效。

通过对腾讯控股的案例分析，印证了商业模式变革能够给企业财务绩效带来影响，互联网企业通过商业模式变革能够盘活企业，提高自身竞争力，这也是现代企业维持企业可持续发展的必经之路。

关键词：互联网企业，商业模式变革，财务绩效，腾讯

ABSTRACT

Since the 1990s, the Internet is growing with the development of modern social economy, ra pid development of information technology, represented by the Internet for the pantheon provides an opportunity for the development of Internet companies. The Internet of things, cloud computing and mobile Internet generation and application of network technology and the rapid development of Internet economy, some Internet companies have survived, quite a number of Internet compa nies disappeared into the horizon. In the age of the Internet business competition, business mod el is considered to be the key to obtain the lasting competitive advantage enterprises. A successf ul enterprise must have a successful business model. The demand which the enterprise must se ek and implement the Internet business model, through the business model of the change to the Internet under the condition of technology progress, market demand and the change of external environment, such as the pressure of competition, to obtain continuous competition to ensure thei r own survival and development.

Domestic and foreign scholars didn't reach a consensus on the concept of business model, this paper argues that the concept of business model should be fused four arguments, understoo d as a kind of operation mechanism, its purpose is to meet the demand of customers to create enterprise value, through the internal integration of enterprise system, organization structure, man agement norms, management strategy and way to operate. Research business model change infl uence on financial performance, need through the analysis of the life cycle of the most important elements in various stages of the business model to explain the whole business model to chang e the impact of the financial performance, can reflect the importance of enterprise competition in the business model change.

Will tencent holdings model as a case, this paper on the basis of understanding of enterpris e development, the three stages of interpretation business model respectively, tencent will be con cluded by one stage to another phase of the business model change. Embodied in the organizati