第八章 醛酮醌(答案)

2.(1) CH3 CH2CHCH2CHO
O
(3) Br
CCH3
(4)
CH
N
OH
O
(5)
NH N=C(CH3)2
(6)
H3C
NNHCNH2
CH3 CO
(7)
CH3CHBrCHO
(8)
3.(1) C、(2) C、(3) D、(4) C、(5) B、(6) A、(7) D、(8) A、(9) C、 (10) D、(11) D、(12) B、(13) D、(14) B、(15) C。 4. b>a>d>c 5.(1)
(10)
CHO + CH3CH2CHO
(11) (CH3)3CCHO + HCHO (12) C2H5C
O
浓NaOH
(CH3)3CCH2OH + HCOONa
Zn-Hg HCl
CH2CH2Br
H3CH2CH2C
CH2CH2Br
HCHO CH3CHO
I 2/NaOH (Ag(NH3)2)+
无现象
6. (1)
第八章
1.(1) (3) (5) (7) 2-甲基丙醛或α-甲基丙醛 5-甲基-2-己烯醛 2,4-己二酮 2-甲基-1,4-环己二酮
CH 3
醛、酮、醌习题答案
(2) (4) (6) (8) (2) 4-甲基-2-羟基苯甲醛 3-甲基丁酮 3-甲基-4-氧代戊醛 水合甲醛
CH3 CH3CHCH2 O C CH3
CHO O
无现象
I2/NaOH FeCl3
无现象
（3）
HO
CCH3 CHO
无现象 显色
CHO
银镜
托伦试剂
（4）
CH2Cl OCH3 Cl
无现象 无现象 无现象
AgNO3 CH3CH 2OH
无现象 无现象
浓HCl
溶解 分层
7. (1)
2H2C CH2
O2 CuCl2
2CH3CHO
稀 NaOH
CH3CH
H 2/Ni
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH O
H2SO 4 170
CH3CH2CH
CH2
H +/H2O
CH3CH2CHCH3 OH
OMgBr
CH3CH 2OMgBr Et2O
Cu/325
CH3CH2CCH3
CH3CH2CCH2CH3 CH3
H +/H2O
CH3CH2CCH2CH3 CH3
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CHCHO
H2/Ni
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
OH
OH
H +/H2O
（2） CH3CHO
OH
HCN/OH
-
CH3CHCN Cl
CH3CHCOOH
（3） CH3CHCH3
SOCl2
CH3CHCH3 O
Mg/Et2O 无水
(CH3)3CHOMgCl OH
(CH3)2CHOH
Cu/325
CH3CCH3 O
浓 NaOH
CHO + HCHO
CH3OH + HCOONa CH3 CH3
-H2O
(5) CH3CH2CHO
稀NaOH
CH3CH2CHCHCHO OH
CH3CH2CH
CCHO
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OMgBr
OH
H 2O/H +
(6)
1,O3
1,CH3MgCl 2,H2 O
(CH3)3COH
稀NaOH
HCl ZnCl 2
(CH3)3CCl
1,NaCN 2,H2 O
(CH3)3CCOOH
2,H 2O/Zn
CHO CHO
O
CHO
CH3 CH3 或 CH3C
CH3
8. (1)
A：CH3C
CHCH2CH2
C
‖
‖
CCH2CH2CHO CH3
C O
CH3 + CH3MgBr
无水乙醚
C
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
乙二醇
CH3
O CH3CH O OH
CH2 CH2
(7) CH3CHO
无水 HCl LiAlH4
(8) (9) O
O OCH3 OCH3
NH2NH2,NaOH (HOCH2CH2)2O, 稀 NaOH
OCH3 OCH3 CH CHCHO CH3
OH CH3CHCH2CH3 OH
K2 Cr2 O7 /H+
OH
H2O/H
+
CH3CCH2CH3 O
HCN
CH3CCH2CH3 CN
CH3CCH2CH3 COOH
(2)
C O
浓NaOH
CH3 + O2N NO2
NH
NH2
C CH3
NNH NO2
NO2
(3) (CH3)3CCHO (4)
(CH3)CCH2OH + (CH3)3CCOONa
(6)
2CH3CH CH2
ROOR/HBr
2CH3CH2CH2Br
NaOH/H 2O
2CH3CH2CH2OH
Cu/325
2CH3CH2CHO
OH
NaOH
CH3CH2CHCHCHO CH3
-H2O
CH3CH2CH
CCHO CH3
LiAlH4
CH3CH2CH
CCH2OH CH3
(7) (8)
CH3COCH3
(1) (CH3)2CH 2OMgCl (2) H+ /H2O Zn-Hg/HCl
(CH3)2CHC(CH3)2
(4)
CH3CH 2CHO 无水 AlCl3
CCH2CH3
CH2CH2CH3 OH
(5)
2CH3CH2OH
Cu/325
2CH3CHO
NaOH
CH3CHCH2CHO
-H2O
CH3CH
CHCHO OH
CH3COCH3 O PhCH2CCH3
无现象 无现象 无现象
NaHSO3
无现象
CH3CH2CH2CH2CHO O CH3CH2CCH2CH3 O CH3CH2CH2CCH3 OH CH3H2CH2CHCH3
I2/NaOH
Cu2+ /OH
-
无现象
O2N
无现象
（2）
NHNH2 NO2
无现象
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O
(2)
(CH3)2CHCCH2CH3
O
OH
(3)
A: CH3O
CH2CCH3 O
Leabharlann Baidu
B: CH3O
CH2CCH3
C: HO
CH2CCH3
D: HO
CH2CH2CH3
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