人教版高二英语上册第二单元知识点.doc

人教版高二英语上册第二单元知识点

英语第二单元知识点

非谓语动词在同一成分中用法的辨析

1.做主语：-般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。

Looking after children is her job.

To clean the classroom is his job today.

2.做宾语：

I like swimming, but I don t like to swim today because I don t feel well.

(1).有些动词只能接不定式做宾语，这些动词接上不定式，含有明显的主观性和将来性意义。如：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)，等等。

He refused to speak on the radio.

He desired to see you.

(2)..有些动词只接动名词做宾语，这些动词接上动名词，含有明显的依据往事或经验来作出理解和判断的意思。mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。

短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent from，set about，can t help，be/get used to 等

短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等

The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.

She can t stand having nothing to do at home.

His wife doesn t allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.

All the family insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.

It s no good learning without practicing.

I m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

She doesn t feel like eating anything，being ill for a few days.

(3).有些动词后面既可接不定式，又可接动名词，其意义基本相同，区别不大。如;like，love，hate，delay，continue，attempt(企图)，afford(提供)，prefer.omit(省略)，begin，start.

The Einsteins, however, could not afford to pay for(or：paying for)the advanced education that young Albert needed.

I prefer staying (to stay) at home on Sunday.

注意：begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。

When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.

After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.

(4).有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意：

A.remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=having

done)，接不定式，表示将来意义：

Please remember to bring me the book I want next time.

I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.

Don t forget to write to me soon.

I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the first time.

I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔干事)

I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice.

I regret to say I can t take your advice. (遗憾=be sorry)

B.mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要;mean doing：意味着，就是

I am sorry, I didn t mean to hurt your feelings，

I meant to call on you, but I was so busy.

Learning a foreign language doesn t mean just working in class.

C.stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事，不定式作目的状语;stop doing停止干，动名词作宾语。

After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.

After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.

D.try：try to do，努力，试图干事;try doing：试着干事

He searched everywhere and tried to find his key.

He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.

The mother is out and the boy had to try cooking for himself.