2012职称英语卫生类 完形填空 完整版

第二篇 Going on a diet
A typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay alive. These calories keep your heart 1beating and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating2properly and, your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person 3 gains weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to 4reduce the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic 5principle behind going on a diet.
6 Unfortunately，diets don't work for most people. They do lose weight but then 7go off the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to 8maintaining a consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you 9actually take in. The next step is to add ，exercise so that you can 10raise the number of calories you can consume per day. Exercise charts can show you how many calories different 11forms of exercise can burn. Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can 12make a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can 13climb the stairs instead of the elevator. Find an exercise 14partner. Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet. 15Tight clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish. 第十二篇 Dreams
Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those who 1claim that they never dream at all actually dream 2just as frequently as the rest of us, 3though they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectly 4aware of dreaming night 5after night very seldom remember those dreams in 6great detail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions. Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our 7senses , so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．
One of the world's oldest 8known written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can 9see that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that you 10should never ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return 11in time if the sleeper were suddenly 12awoken .
From ancient times to the present 13day ,people have been 14making attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream 15as there are books．
*第八篇 Old And Active
It is well—known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.
A 1recent report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world．A healthy long life is the result of 2improvement in social environment. Scientists are trying to work3out exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy, and whether there is a lesson to be 4learnt from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we 5 make any changes to our eating habits, for instance, or go jogging each day before breakfast? Is there some secret 6 ingredient in the Japanese diet that is particularly 7 beneficial to the human body?
Another factor 8 contributing to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate．Although longer life should be celebrated, it is 9 actually considered a social problem．The number of older people had 10 doubled in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs．The country could soon be 11 facing an economic problem, if there are so many old people to be looked 12 after and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them．
13 Raising the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a 14 sense of responsibility and mission in life. It’s important that the elderly play active 15 roles in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
+第十四篇 A Health Profile
A Health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health．To draw your health profile，you will 1 need to know what diseases run in your family，what health hazards you may be exposed to 2 at work,ow your daily 3 diet compares to the recommended standards，how nluch time per week you 4 spend exercising and what type of exercise you engage 5 in ,how stressful your work and family environments are，what kinds of illnesses you get regularly,and 6 whether or not you have any one of a number of addictions. 7 To complete this portrait,you should have a checkup to determine how your blood，heart， and lungs are functioning.This checkup will serve8as a baseline,to which you can then compare later tests．
9 Once this profile is thoroughly drawn，you can begin to think about setting health priorities based 10 0n your particular portrait．For example，if you drink two martinis every evening,have a high-stress11 job ,are overweight，smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends， you should quit smoking first，followed 12 by losing the excess weight，reducing the stress of your job，giving up your marihuana habit，and then finally giveing some 13 thought to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer，and then heart disease． Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life,who is 14 in excellent health．a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will 15 benefit him in the future．
+第十五篇 Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these 1 ages are rising all the time. What has brought 2 about these changes? When we look at the life_3 span_of people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatest_ 4 killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often 5 highly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the6 developed world these diseases are far7 1ess today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of_8 factors_have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which9 make _bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations10 against _common diseases. 11 In addition, people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 but_12 while _people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those 13 spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect14 older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity 15 leading to_more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases"，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.。