中国古代文化对越南的影响

嘉隆年间设置职管员役，耳濡目染，渐入 汉风；若加之政教，用夏变夷，想不出十 年，可与汉民无异。 ----《大南实录》
描述越南入侵柬埔寨并强制实施同化的历史，与中国 无关。越南以“汉、夏”自称。
“朝衣朝冠皆从夷习，非古人服饰之制。” “胡俗之移人，一至浩叹如此。”
----对清朝“中华”正统性的强烈质疑
越南的法式建筑
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Religions Confucianism , Buddhism and Taoism (儒释道）were brought to Vietnam from China.
河内文庙
佛Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu雕像
真武阁（道教）
Independent period
Although Chinese culture had deeply rooted in Vietnam , the northern kingdom never totally controlled this part because it was too far from the capital. Finally , it got independence in 938 AC . But it still closely connected with China . Vietnam copied the same imperial examination and system of society from China.
The influence of Chinese culture on Vietnam
Unlike other Southeast Asian countries were influenced by India most , there are a lot of Chinese cultural elements in Vietnam , especially the north because it once was a part of ancient China.
Baiyue
Including the north of Vietnam , it means a place in the south of Yue State
Qin Dynasty and Nanyue Kingdom
In 214 BC , Qin occupied Baiyue and the north of Vietnam was ruled County of xiang. In 203 BC , Zhaotuo founded Nanyue Kingdom.
“我国通诗书，习礼乐，为文献之邦，自士王始”----《大越史记全书》 “士王之时，移车就国四十余年，大行教化，解义南俗，以通章句，集 成国语诗集以志名号，韵作[指南品汇]上下二卷，学者难祥。兹宿禅谨严 香玉，音其字，解其义，手写帙成，可谓明白览详之要，使其读者走韵 连声。” ----《指南玉音解义》
History
1.Baiyue period(百越时期） 2.Qin Dynasty and Nanyue Kingdom（南越王朝） 3.A thousand years of counties 4.Independent period 5.Protecting state of France（法国保护国）
Protecting state of France
In 19th century , France invaded Vietnam and then Vietnam became a protecting country of France . Vietnamese were forced to learn Latin letters instead of Chinese or ChuNom . Because Latin was much easier to learn , finally most Chinese and ChuNom characters were abandoned in Vietnam .
ChuNom
ChuNom was ancient national character of Vietnam and it was invented by Shixie (士燮),who was born in Guangxi but of Shandong descent , based on . Before Chinese characters came into Vietnam , they had their own language but no characters. In order to let normal people have the chance to learn to read and keep the borderism, Shixie created ChuNom.
A thousand years of counties 千年郡县时期
In 111 BC , Han defeated Nanyue and Vietnam became a part of China for almost 1000 years until the end of Tang Dinasty.
Many people from Central Plains came into Vietnam at that time , bringing their religions and language. The most important thing must be the invention of Chu Nom (喃字）.
大越居五岭之南，乃天限南 北也。其始祖出于神农氏之 后，乃天启真主也。所以能 与北朝各帝一方。 ----《大越史记全书》
In this period , Vietnamese attitude towards China was ambivalent . On the one hand , they considered Chinese as evil invaders from the north . On the other hand, they were proud that they were the heirs of Chinese culture .