如何防止核扩散

Effective way to prevent nuclear proliferation is international cooperation.
In the context of globalization, international cooperation is particularly important. The purpose of cooperation in that through the efforts of relevant international organizations, international organizations and non-countries, unite all positive forces internationally to limit nuclear proliferation. Effective ways of international cooperation in the field of nuclear non-proliferation, to the full functioning of the UN Security Council, to improve the working mechanism of the IAEA, to broaden the national dialogue channels, and the importance of international non-governmental exchanges.
Under the system of international cooperation between the Council.
The Council is the most important United Nations agency entrusted with the important mission of maintaining international peace and security. Accordance with the provisions "of the UN Charter", the Council is entitled to determine the existence of harm peace and security situation, and to take all actions, including force, to restore peace in the state. This means that the Council can play an irreplaceable role in nuclear non-proliferation affairs. The Council could legally determine the hazards of nuclear proliferation to world peace, can take peaceful means to solve the problem of nuclear proliferation, we can take military measures to eliminate nuclear proliferation situation. At present, the more often used peaceful means of economic sanctions, such as March 7, 2013 Sixth Council resolution against the DPRK had "expanded financial sanctions against the DPRK" and "prevent the DPRK car, jewelry and other luxury goods "in the previous resolution, also repeatedly frozen North Korean entities and officials of assets, prohibition of the DPRK to provide and sell luxury goods. Since this means easy for other countries cooperate with each other for efficient international cooperation, we can quickly achieve the purpose and effect of sanctions.
International non-proliferation regime is an important part of the international security system, the outlook depends largely on how the new security concept of countries to guide their safety behaviors, forming a virtuous interaction of security. Non-nuclear countries, particularly non-aligned countries, in terms of nuclear disarmament requires nuclear-weapon States to take more concrete actions to provide security assurances to non-nuclear countries substantive, while required to maintain the rights of countries to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to strengthen international cooperation in this field . In contrast, Western countries want to strengthen the nuclear non-proliferation efforts. In fact, for small countries, its limited financial and technical capacity is difficult to support the development of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems and storage facilities, as well as the maintenance and updating of the high cost of nuclear weapons. Bilateral and multilateral dialogue between countries is an important channel to enhance mutual understanding and cooperation on this basis is necessary to guarantee the effectiveness of non-proliferation achieved.
Private individuals is to promote nuclear non-proliferation effectives. Maintenance of peace is the common pursuit of insight, whether in nuclear or non-nuclear countries, countries have denuclearization outcry. In the international non-proliferation arena, activity of the plurality of non-international organizations. They engage in a variety of ways nonproliferation advocacy, lobbying, expose, stop work, a significant achievement. The international community should pay attention to and support for civil society activities in this field.
Non-proliferation regime is a matter of the field of international relations, diplomacy, law and nuclear technology, including the mechanisms and treaty mechanisms for content organization
legal mechanism. Due to the impact of international politics, there are some flaws in this system. In the context of globalization, the nuclear issue facing the international community is more prominent. Improve international cooperation in the field of nuclear non-proliferation mechanism very urgent. Give full play to the functions of the Council, to strengthen the IAEA's mandate, carry out coordination and cooperation as well as non-governmental exchanges between the governments, non-proliferation is an effective way of international non-proliferation is a common problem facing the international community as one of the nuclear powers and major international political power, China has actively participated nonproliferation act responsibility. China has played an active role in the North Korean nuclear test, the world's nuclear affairs, but generally speaking, active participation is not enough, there is no substantive ownership. Whether it is in order to safeguard their own national security, or to establish and consolidate the image of a big country, China should actively work to prevent nuclear proliferation. First, actively participate in international non-proliferation affairs, play a leading role. Secondly, to strengthen the relevant legislation, one active participation in international legislation, the second is to strengthen the national nuclear legislation. Again, with other countries to strengthen mutual legal assistance in the nuclear field, to effectively combat nuclear proliferation crime.
防止核扩散的有效途径是国际合作。

在全球化背景下，国际合作尤为重要。

合作的目的在于，通过有关国际组织、非国际组织及国家之间的努力，团结国际上一切积极力量，限制核扩散。

核不扩散领域国际合作的有效途径，在于充分发挥联合国安理会的职能，完善国际原子能机构的工作机理，拓宽国家对话渠道，并重视国际民间交往。

安理会体制下的国际合作
安理会是联合国最重要的工作机构，负有维护国际和平与安全的重要使命。

依据《联合国宪章》的规定，安理会有权判定危害和平与安全情势的存在，并可采取包括武力在内的一切行动，恢复和平状态。

这意味着安理会完全可以在核不扩散事务中发挥不可替代的重要作用。

安理会依法可以判定核扩散对世界和平的危害，可以采取和平手段解决核扩散问题，可以采取武力措施消除核扩散情势。

目前，在和平手段中较常采用的是经济制裁手段，例如2013年3月7日安理会第六次对朝决议中就有“扩大对朝金融制裁”和“防止向朝鲜提供赛车、珠宝等奢侈品”，在以往的决议中亦有多次冻结朝鲜实体及官员资产、禁止对朝提供和销售奢侈品的条款。

因为该手段容易让其他国家相互配合，进行高效的国际合作，能较快地达到制裁目的和效果。

国际核不扩散体系是国际安全体系的一个重要组成部分，前景如何很大程度上取决于各国能否以新安全观指导各自的安全行为，形成良性的安全互动。

无核武器国家，尤其是不结盟国家，在核裁军方面要求拥有核武器国家采取更多实际行动，向无核国家提供实质性安全保障，同时要求维护各国和平利用核能的权利，加强该领域的国际合作。

相反，西方国家希望加强核不扩散力度。

其实对于弱小国家而言，其有限的经济能力和技术能力很难支持发展核武器及其发射系统和储存设施，以及维护和更新核武器的高昂成本。

国家间的双边和多边对话是增强相互了解的重要渠道，在此基础上的合作是核不扩散取得成效的必要保证。

民间人士是推动核不扩散的有生力量。

维护人类和平是有识之士的共同追求，无论在有核国家还是在无核国家，都有无核化的民间呼声。

在国际防扩散舞台上，活动着多个非国际组织。

他们以多种方式从事核不扩散的宣传、游说、揭露、制止等工作，成就显着。

国际社会应该重视和支持这一领域的民间活动。

核不扩散机制是一个涉及国际关系、外交、法律以及核技术等领域的、包括组织机制和条约机制内容的法律机制。

由于受到国际政治的影响，这一体系存在一定的缺陷。

在全球化背景下，
国际社会面临的核问题更加突出。

完善核不扩散领域的国际合作机制甚为迫切。

充分发挥安理会的职能，加强国际原子能机构的职权，深入开展各国政府之间的协调合作以及民间交往，是核不扩散国际合作的有效途径。

核不扩散是国际社会面临的共同问题，作为核大国之一和重要的国际政治力量，中国积极参与核不扩散行动责无旁贷。

中国在朝鲜核试验等世界核事务中发挥了积极作用，但总体上讲主动参与度不够，没有实质性主导权。

无论是为了维护自身国家安全，还是树立和巩固大国形象，中国都应积极进行防止核扩散工作。

首先，主动参与国际核不扩散事务，发挥一定的主导作用。

其次，加强相关立法工作，一是主动参与国际立法，二是加强国内核立法。

再次，加强与其他国家在核领域的司法协助，有效打击核扩散犯罪行为。