医学生职业认同感与心理弹性及其影响因素研究

国际医药卫生导报　２０１８年　第２４卷　第８期　ＩＭＨＧＮ，Ａｐｒｉｌ ２０１８，Ｖｏｌ．２４　Ｎｏ．　８

职业认同指个体对所从事的职业与职业群体内部其他人共有的态度、知识、信念、技能等与个体担当的职业角色有关的主观自我概念。职业认同感既是一种状态也是一种过程，是指对（即将）从事的职业持有赞同喜爱的态度倾向，产生于个体选择该专业的教育课程甚至更早时期，并在职业生涯中不断变化［１］。近年伤医、辱医事件频发，加之部分媒体的不实报道，进一步加深了医患矛盾，严重降低了医学生的职业认同感［２］。叶正平［３］的研究显示，１４．１％的医学生认为当前医疗环境差，且一时无法改变，对于今后是否从事临床医疗工作持不确定态度。医学生对将来所从事职业的认知、评价和态度对目前的专业学习及未来的从业行为有重要影响［１］。因此，有必要了解医学生的职业认同感现状，探讨其影响因素，为稳定医学生专业思想提供有效方案，确保医务人才更替有序进行，从而满足广大群众的医疗需求。

１　对象与方法

１．１　对象　采用方便抽样法，于２０１６年９月至１１月抽取某医学院校全日制医学生作为调查对象。⑴纳入标准：①知晓本次研究目的且自愿完成本次调

医学生职业认同感与心理弹性及其影响因素研究

张欢　李荣华　刘权

６３７８００　南充，川北医学院护理学院（张欢）；５１２１００　广州医科大学护理学院（李荣华）；６３７８００　南充，川北医学院附属医院护理部（刘权）

通信作者：李荣华，Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｓｕｎｎｙｌｉｒｈ＠１６３．ｃｏｍ

ＤＯＩ：１０．３７６０／ｃｍａ．ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００７－１２４５．２０１８．０８．００３

【摘要】　目的　探讨医学生职业认同感与心理弹性的关系及其影响因素。方法　采用方便抽样的方法，用一般资料问卷、职业认同感问卷和中文版ＣＤ－ＲＩＳＣ心理弹性问卷对６４０名医学生进行测评。结果　本组医学生职业认同感评分（３１．２０±７．７４），采用Ｐｅａｒｓｏｎ相关分析可知，医学生职业认同感与心理弹性总分呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．４００，Ｐ＜０．０１）。回归分析显示，心理弹性、积极参加团体活动及所学专业是影响医学生职业认同感的重要因素。结论　医学生职业认同感受心理弹性、积极参加社团活动及专业的影响，医学院校教师应采取多种措施来提高医学生职业认同感。

【关键词】　医学生；职业认同感；心理弹性

基金项目：２０１５年川北医学院科研发展计划项目（ＣＢＹ１５－Ｂ－ＹＢ０２）；广州市教育科学“十二五”规划２０１４年度课题（１２０１４５０３９４）

Medical students' professional identity and resilience and its influencing factors Zhang Huan, Li Ronghua, Liu Quan

Nursing School, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637800, China (Zhang H); Nursing College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 512100, China (Li RH); Nursing Department, Hospital Affilioted to North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637800, China (Liu Q)

Corresponding author: Li Ronghua, E-mail: sunnylirh@

【Abstract】Objective　To explore the relationship between professional identity and resilience in medical students and its influencing factors. Methods　A total of 640 medical students were selected. General data questionnaire, professional identity questionnaire, and Chinese version of CD-RISC were used for investigation to know about the professional identity and resilience of the medical students. Results　The medical students' professional identity score was (31.20 ±7.74). There was a significant positive correlation between professional identity and the total score of resilience (r=0.400, P＜0.01). Regression analysis showed that resilience, active participation in group activities, and their majors were important factors affecting the professional identity of the medical students. Conclusions　The professional identity of medical students is affected by psychological flexibility, active participation in community activities, and their majors. Medical college teachers should take various measures to improve medical students' professional identity.

【Key words】　Medical students; Professional identity; Resilience

Fund program: Project of Scientific Research Development Plan of North Sichuan Medical College in 2015 (CBY15-B-YB02); Project of 12th Five-years Plan of Education Science in Guangzhou in 2014 (1201450394)

１１４２