高中英文诗歌鉴赏入门

• We don't read and write poetry because it's cute. We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion. And medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for. ——Dead Poets Society
Background knowledge(setting)
1882美国诗人Dr. Clement Clarke Moore 第一次把 Santa Clause（圣诞老人）描写出亲切可爱的形象： 面颊像玫瑰，鼻子似樱桃，常常欢乐笑靥，两鳃长 满白胡子，每逢圣诞前便会驾着驯鹿雪橇来到村镇 里，从民居烟囟爬下，送礼物给乖孩子。谁知这篇 名为A visit from Saint Clause 的诗文一经发表便 到处风行，使快乐的圣诞老人形象深入人心。很多 小孩想知道他究竟来自何方。
我们读诗写诗，非为它的灵巧。我们读诗写诗，因为我 们是人类的一员。而人类充满了热情。医药，法律，商 业，工程，这些都是高贵的理想，并且是维生的必需条 件。但是诗，美，浪漫，爱，这些才是我们生存的原因。
Famous poets
William Wordsworth (1770-1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with the 1798 joint publication Lyrical Ballads(《抒情歌 谣集》).
Walt Whitman（沃尔特·惠特曼）
(1819---1892 ) • One of the most important poets in the nineteenth century • The father of free verse（自由诗 体）. • America’s first “poet of democracy” • Create both new forms and new subject matter for poetry • Works: Leaves of Grass
Take a sip
玄武高中 李珊
What is poetry
a. Emily Dickinson: “when I read something I feel so cold that no fire can warm me, I know its poetry; when I read something I feel my head is chopped off, I know it’s poetry.” b. The poet has found the emotion, the emotion has found the word. c. Wordsworth: “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow(自然流露) of powerful feelings”.
他椭圆的眼睛闪了闪 脸上满是欢喜 他的脸颊像玫瑰 鼻子像是樱桃
His cute little mouth turned up like a bow. And the beard and moustache were as white as the snow
他那可爱的小嘴 像只弯弯的弓 他的胡须 颜色和白雪相同
4. His cute little mouth turned up like a bow. 5. He filled all the stockings and then turned with a jerk. 6. He jumped into his sleigh and gave a loud whistle, and away he flew like the seeds of a thistle. 7. Before he drove out of sight, “Merry Christmas to all, and to all a good night.”
Language: Words chosen
Happy:
1. In the hope that Santa soon would be there. 2. Vague dreams of presents danced in their heads. 3. His oval eyes shined, and his face looked so merry, his cheeks were like roses, his nose like a cherry.
Main idea
B What is Poem about? A. It’s about the exciting time at Christmas when everyone opens their presents. B. It’s about the night before Christmas when Santa visits each house. C. It’s about a family getting ready for bed at Christmas time. D. It’s about the Christmas celebration.
Poems often use images and descriptions rather than simply explaining a situation. Look at the explanation on the left and write the image or description on the right.
‘It was the night before Christmas and all through the house nothing was moving not even a mouse.
这是圣诞的前夜 整座屋子毫无声响 没有一个人走动 连老鼠也一样
The stockings had been hung with attention and care in the hope that Santa soon would be there.
转眼之间 在屋顶上 传来小蹄子踢踏的 声音
As I pulled in my head
And was turning around
Down came stout Santa
In a single bound
等我缩回头 再转过身 从上方跳下 健壮的圣诞老人
His oval eyes shined and his face looked so merry! His cheeks were like roseshis nose like a cherry!
But I heard him shout before he drove out of sight “Merry Christmas to all. And to all a good night”
在离开之前 我听见他高喊 圣诞快乐 各位晚安
Reading strategies:
Reading Strategy 1: Read a poem first to get the general feeling. Don’t worry if you don’t understand every word.
Language: Rhyme
beds/heads cap/nap roof/hoof
around/bound
merry/cherry bow/snow work/jerk nose/rose
whistle/thistle
sight/night
Reading Strategy 4: Identify the key images in the poems,
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772–1834) was an English poet, Romantic, literary critic and philosopher who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in England and one of the Lake Poets.
小心翼翼 将长袜挂好 满怀着希望 盼圣诞老人来到
The children were sleeping safe in their beds, while vague dreams of presents danced in their heads.
孩子们都以安睡 在各自的床上 脑海中扇动着 收到礼物的梦想
妻子带上围巾 我带上帽子 做好准备 睡个冬天的长觉
My wife, wearing a scarf and I, wearing a cap , had just settled ourselves for a long winter nap,
And then, in an instant. I heard on the roof the stepping and scratching of each little hoof
He didn’t speak a word and went straight to work he filled all the stockings and the turned with a jerk
他一句话也不说 赶忙开始干活 把长袜都装满 突然就把身转
他向四周望望 用手指挠挠鼻子 又把头点点 纵身跃上烟囱
After looking around And scratching his nose He gave a nod And up the chimney the rose
他跳上雪橇 大声吹个口哨 然后起飞 好像蓟花的绒毛
He jumped into his sleigh and gave a loud whistle. And away he flew like the seeds of a thistle
Clement Clarke Moore (1779–1863) is the credited author of A Visit from St. Nicholas (more commonly known today as The Night Before Christmas). Clement Clarke Moore was most famous in his own day as a professor of Oriental and Greek literature at Columbia College (now Columbia University).
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Reading Strategy2: Read the poem again more slowly. Think about the actions and feelings described in the poem. Reading Strategy3: Identify words that you still don’t understand. Read them again using a dictionary to help you.